光纤全息散斑干涉计量

脉冲激光经光导纤维传输后，其偏振性变化为随机分布，相干性有所降低，但它用在全息干涉计量中却有突出的优点，对于涉条纹的形成和清晰度没有影响。经常使用的光纤散斑全息干涉系统有两种类型：一种是只用传光束形成物光，参考光，此种系统形成的全息象清晰度有所下降，但做全息干涉计量时对条纹的衬比度和清晰度没有任何影响．另一种类型是物光和参考光都是用光导纤维传输，然后用光纤传象束将物体的象进行传输，再用透镜将其成象在底片上，做双曝光全息干涉时则形成全息散斑干涉计量，用全息方法再现时干涉图类似“杨氏”条纹。本文对上述两种系统，结合实验结果、分三种情况进行了研究。文章共分为三个部分：（一）引言；（二）散斑全息干涉计量；（三）结论。     

A vibrationally compensated far infrared laser interferometer for plasma density measurements

A modulated far-infrared laser interferometer which is presently operating on the PDX experiment at Princeton is described. The interferometer geometry permits the characterization of inside D, outside D as well as circular discharges. To achieve this versatility, a titanium corner cube reflector, mounted inside the PDX vacuum vessel is used in conjunction with a second visible wavelength interferometer for vibration corrections. In addition, the use of room temperature quasi-optical Schottky diodes in the far-infrared interferometer is reported. The minimum detectable line average density of the system is 5×10¹¹ cm^–3.     

A twin optically-pumped far-infrared CH3OH laser for plasma diagnostics

A twin optically-pumped far-infrared CH₃OH laser has been constructed for use in plasma diagnostics. The antisymmetric doublet due to the Raman-type resonant two-photon transition is reproducibly observed at 118.8 m. With the 118.8-m line, it is obtained from the frequency separation of the anti-symmetric doublet that CH₃OH absorption line center is 16±1 MHz higher than the pump 9.7-m P(36) CO₂ laser line center. It is shown that the Raman-type resonant two-photon transition is useful in order to get several-MHz phase modulation for the far-infrared laser interferometer. Some preliminary performances of this twin laser for the modulated interferometer are described.This work was carried out under the collaborating research program at the Institute of Plasma Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464, Japan.     

平行平板横向剪切干涉仪装调误差的矫正方法研究

对平行平板双光路横向剪切干涉仪的装调进行了研究,提出了一种矫正两个平行平板之间角度误差的方法.输出激光的波前采用Zernike多项式拟合,经过理论推导,发现两个方向差分波前求解出的倾斜像散之差与平行平板的角度误差存在线性关系,利用两个方向倾斜像散之差来矫正两个平行平板之间的角度误差.在平行平板横向剪切干涉仪的装调过程中使两个方向差分波前的倾斜像散之差为零即可以使两个方向的平行平板之间的角度误差值为零.进一步地从实验上证明了这个线性关系,对于所用的实验系统,当离焦像差为-3.224 7±0.001 8,两个方向差分波前的倾斜像散之差波动范围为±2.0×10^-3时,平行平板的角度误差可以控制在8.82″之内,高阶像差对平行平板的角度误差调节精度的影响约为1.63″.该方法具有装调简单、精确度高,易于流程化操作的优点.     

右旋偏振波对高密度等离子体的穿透实验

本文分析了右旋偏振波穿透高密度等离子体的条件,给出了理论根据及原理性实验的结果。实验证实,当ω_(ce)≈2ω时,右旋偏振波(哨波模)可以穿透很高密度的等离子体(ω_(pe)~2>>ω~2),并可能成为克服“再入”时“黑障”的一个途径。     

光纤连接器端面几何参量自动测量仪

报道了一种高精度测量光纤连接器端面几何参量的自动测量仪。叙述了光纤连接器的端面几何参量的测量原理。由光纤连接器端面形貌和纤芯中心坐标,可以高精度得到曲率半径、顶点偏移量、端面倾斜角和光纤高度等影响连接器性能的关键端面几何参量。该仪器体积小,自动化程度高,用户界面友好,使用方便,可测量物理接触、角度式物理接触等类型的光纤连接器端面几何参量。实际测量证明,该测量仪有很好的重复测量精度。该测量仪与美国Dorc公司ZX-1 mini PMS测量仪和Norland公司NC3000测量仪相比,测量精度水平相当。该仪器样机已通过华东国家计量测试中心的测试。     

广角任意反射面速度干涉仪的光学性质研究

研究了广角任意反射面速度干涉仪(VISAR)的光学性质。阐述了广角VISAR的原理,指出广角诊断靶中椭球镜的作用是将靶丸内表面成虚像在靶丸中心附近。使用Zemax模拟了成像弯曲对动态干涉条纹形成的影响,提出使用异形光纤面板进行像面矫正。研究了工程误差对干涉仪成像的影响,若要取得良好的成像效果,椭球镜的位置偏差不得多于30 μm,倾角不得超过4°,长轴方向加工误差需小于0.1 μm,短轴方向误差需小于4 μm,镜面反射率应高于70%。讨论了广角VISAR光学研究的进一步发展方向如影响动态条纹的更多可能因素、像面矫正的其他方法、物与像面的光学对应等。     

Holographic interferometry as electrochemical emission spectroscopy of a carbon steel in 5–20 ppm TROS C-70 inhibited seawater

In the present investigation, holographic interferometry was utilized for the first time to determine the rate change of the number of the fringe evolutions during the corrosion test of a carbon steel in blank seawater and seawater with different concentrations of a corrosion inhibitor. In other words, the anodic dissolution behaviors (corrosion) of the carbon steel were determined simultaneously by holographic interferometry, as an electromagnetic method, and by the electrochemical impedance (EI) spectroscopy, as an electronic method. So, the abrupt rate change of the number of the fringe evolutions during corrosion tests, EI spectroscopy, of the carbon steel is called electrochemical emission spectroscopy. The corrosion process of the steel samples was carried out in blank seawater and seawater with different concentrations, 5–20 ppm, of TROS C-70 corrosion inhibitor using the EI spectroscopy method, at room temperature. The electrochemical-emission spectra of the carbon steel in different solutions represent a detailed picture of the rate change of the anodic dissolution of the steel throughout the corrosion processes. Furthermore, the optical interferometry data of the carbon steel were compared to the data, which was obtained from the EI. spectroscopy. Consequently, holographic interferometry is found very useful for monitoring the anodic dissolution behaviors of metals, in which the number of the fringe evolutions of the steel samples can be determined in situ.     

Phase-difference amplification using a Sagnac interferometer

In this paper, we describe a new method for achieving phase-difference amplification, which is quick and convenient, operates in real time, and requires no photographic steps. Magnification factors of 2, 4 or 6 are achieved easily in one step. Because the system operates in real time, phase stepping may be applied to extract the amplified phase distributions. Our method is a variation on longitudinally reversed shearing interferometry, using first- or higher-order diffraction from a grating (hologram) which is in fact the interferogram of the wavefront under test. The grating is derived from a standard two-beam interferometer which is phase-stepped, and displayed in real time on a spatial light modulator in the phase-difference amplification setup. It is illuminated by the two output beams from a Sagnac interferometer, similar to the set up used by (Barnes et al. Barnes TH, Eiju T, Matsuda K. Appl Opt 1986; 25:1864). for spectral resolution enhancement, and a phase-amplified fringe pattern is obtained by spatial filtering using a Fourier transform lens. We demonstrate operation of the phase amplifier and show amplified phase maps retrieved by phase-stepping. We believe this is the first time that real-time phase amplification without photographic steps and with phase stepping has been demonstrated.