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21.
In this article, all calculations are performed at B3LYP/6‐31G** level. For each one of the molecule, including triphenylamine (TPA), N,N′‐diphenyl‐N,N′‐bis(3‐methyllphenyl)‐(1,1′‐biphenyl)‐4,4′‐diamine (TPD), biphenyl (Bp), and their derivatives (TPAs, TPDs, Bps, respectively), the geometry is optimized for both neutral and radical‐cation states. Their reorganization energy is then compared. It seems that it is the monomer, TPAs, and not the central biphenyl moiety that determines the properties of TPDs. However, this is contradictory of some previous results. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011 相似文献
22.
Ying Lin Zhi‐Kuan Chen Teng‐Ling Ye Yan‐Feng Dai Dong‐Ge Ma Zhun Ma Qin‐De Liu Yu Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2010,48(2):292-301
A series of conjugated blue‐light‐emitting copolymers, PTC‐1 , PTC‐2 , and PTC‐3, comprised different ratios of electron‐withdrawing segments (spirobifluorene substituted with cyanophenyl groups) and electron‐donating segments (tricarbazole‐triphenylamines), has been synthesized. The structures of these polymers were characterized and their thermal, photophysical, electrochemical, and electroluminescence properties were measured. Incorporation of rigid spirobifluorene units into the copolymers led to blue‐shifted absorption peaks in dilute toluene solution. Cyclic voltammetric measurement indicated the bandgaps of the polymers were in the range of 2.77–2.94 eV. It was found that increasing cyanophenyl‐spirobifluorene content in the polymer backbone lowered both the HOMO and LUMO energy levels of the copolymers, which was beneficial for electron injection/transporting in the polymer layer of the device. OLED device evaluation indicated that all the polymers emitted sky blue to deep blue light when the pure polymers were used as the emissive layers in the devices with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/polymers/CsF/Ca/Al. The devices have been optimized by doping 30 wt % PBD into the polymer layers. Among the doped devices, PTC‐2 showed the best performance with the turn‐on voltage of 3.0 V, maximum brightness of 7257 cd/m2, maximum current efficiency of 1.76 cd/A, and CIE coordinates of (0.15, 0.14). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 48: 292–301, 2010 相似文献
23.
Copolyphenylenes with pendant benzimidazolyl and diethanolaminohexyloxy groups: Synthesis and electron‐transporting application in PLEDs
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Chih‐Yang Tseng Wen‐Fen Su Yun Chen 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2017,55(15):2494-2505
Two new electron‐transporting copolyphenylenes P1NH and P2NH possessing balanced charges crucial to emission efficiency of polymer light‐emitting diodes (PLEDs) have been synthesized and applied as an electron‐transporting layer (ETL). The main chain structure is all para‐linkage for P1NH and both para‐ and meta‐linkage for P2NH , with the same pendant electron‐withdrawing benzimidazolyl and polar diethanolaminohexyloxy groups. Both copolymers possess excellent thermal stability (T d > 300 °C, T g > 100 °C) due to their rigid backbones. In addition, the pendant groups effectively lower LUMO (~ ?2.70 eV) and HOMO (~ ?5.70 eV) levels, resulting in improved electron‐transporting and hole‐blocking capabilities. Multilayer yellow‐emitting PLEDs with a configuration of ITO/PEDOT:PSS/SY/ETL/LiF/Al were successfully fabricated by the spin‐coating process. The maximum luminance and maximum current efficiency of the P1NH ‐based device were 12,881 cd/m2 and 10.94 cd/A, respectively, superior to the performance of P2NH ‐based device (4938 cd/m2, 3.70 cd/A) and the device without ETL (8690 cd/m2, 2.78 cd/A). Current results indicate that P1NH is highly effective in enhancing electron transport and device performance. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55 , 2494–2505 相似文献
24.
D. Pasquet J. L. Gautier P. Pouvil 《International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves》1986,7(3):357-364
Very simple analytical expressions are proposed for the reflection coefficients of coupling holes used in FIR waveguide lasers. The relations are carried out for dielectric and metallic circular waveguides. 相似文献
25.
The persistent spectral hole burning (PSHB) phenomenon was found to occur in many kinds of nanocrystalline semiconductors, such as CdSe, CdS, CuCl, CuBr and CuI, embedded in crystals, glass or polymers. In inhomogeneously broadened exciton absorption spectra of these nanocrystals, the spectral hole and its associated structure were created by the narrow-band laser excitation and were conserved for more than several hours at 2 K. Hole depth grew in proportion to the logarithm of the burning fluence. Thermally-annealing and light-induced hole-filling phenomena were observed. The hole burning takes place by the tunneling process through potential barriers with broadly distributed barrier height and thickness. Unusual luminescence behaviors related to the PSHB phenomena were also observed. They are luminescence elongation with increase of the light exposure and hole burning in the luminescence spectrum. The observed PSHB phenomena are explained by the exciton localization and the succeeding ionization of nanocrystals. The energy of the photoionized nanocrystal is released from the original energy and the new energies depend on the spatial arrangement of the trapped carriers. Quantum confinement of carriers and resulting strong Coulomb interaction between confined carriers and trapped carriers are essential for the energy change. Possible applications of the PSHB phenomenon is discussed. 相似文献
26.
Tzy‐Hsiang Su Sheng‐Huei Hsiao Guey‐Sheng Liou 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2005,43(10):2085-2098
We report the preparation and characterization of a series of novel electrochromic, aromatic poly(amine amide)s with pendent triphenylamine units. The synthesis proceeded via direct phosphorylation polycondensation between a novel diamine, N,N‐bis(4‐aminophenyl)‐N′,N′‐diphenyl‐1,4‐phenylenediamine, and various aromatic dicarboxylic acids. All the poly(amine amide)s were amorphous and readily soluble in many common organic solvents and could be solution‐cast into transparent, tough, and flexible films with good mechanical properties. They exhibited good thermal stability and 10% weight‐loss temperatures above 540 °C. Their glass‐transition temperatures were 263–290 °C. These polymers in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone solutions exhibited strong ultraviolet–visible absorption peaks at 307–358 nm and photoluminescence peaks around 532–590 nm in the green region. The hole‐transporting and electrochromic properties were studied with electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical methods. Cyclic voltammograms of poly(amine amide) films prepared by the casting of polymer solutions onto an indium tin oxide coated glass substrate exhibited two reversible oxidation redox couples at 0.65 and 1.03 V versus Ag/AgCl in an acetonitrile solution. All the poly(amine amide)s showed excellent stability with respect to their electrochromic characteristics; the color of the films changed from pale yellow to green and then blue at 0.85 and 1.25 V, respectively. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 2085–2098, 2005 相似文献
27.
In recent years, the hole drilling method for determining residual stresses has been implemented with optical methods such
as holographic interferometry and ESPI to overcome certain limitations of the strain rosette version of hole drilling. Although
offering advantages, the interferometric methods require vibration isolation, a significant drawback to their use outside
of the laboratory. In this study, a 3D image correlation approach was used to measure micron-sized surface displacements caused
by the localized stress relief associated with hole drilling. Residual stresses were then found from the displacements using
non-dimensional relations previously derived by finite element analysis. A major advantage of image correlation is that it
does not require interferometric vibration isolation. Experiments were performed to check the ability of this new approach
for uniaxial and equi-biaxial states of stress. Stresses determined by the approach were in good agreement with computed values
and those determined by hole drilling using holographic interferometry. 相似文献
28.
本文计算采用扩展的SSH哈密顿模型, 加上长程关联哈密顿量,在自然边界条件下,用绝热动力学方法研究了有限长反式聚乙炔链中平均关联能随时间的演化,计算了长程电子关联对极化子动力学的影响并计算了极化子状态下的长程关联能。结果发现,加入一个电子或空穴,平均关联能的大小随着时间呈非周期性阻尼振荡,经过一定时间后,平均关联能趋近一个恒定值,此时得到比较稳定的极化子位形。当格点增加时,长程关联能趋于恒定的时间逐渐缩短。 相似文献
29.
30.