人造金刚石微粉和氟化钙在等温成形模具中的应用研究

为了提高等温成形过程中零件的表面质量,延长等温成形模具的使用寿命,对人造金刚石微粉和氟化钙微粉进行适当的表面处理,采用化学复合镀的方法,在等温成形模具上得到Ni-P/C+CaF2复合镀层,改善了模具表面的摩擦系数、提高耐磨性能,为等温成形新技术推广,提供技术上的支持.     

Orthotropic yield criteria for description of the anisotropy in tension and compression of sheet metals

In this paper, yield functions describing the anisotropic behavior of textured metals are proposed. These yield functions are extensions to orthotropy of the isotropic yield function proposed by Cazacu et al. (Cazacu, O., Plunkett, B., Barlat, F., 2006. Orthotropic yield criterion for hexagonal close packed metals. Int. J. Plasticity 22, 1171–1194). Anisotropy is introduced using linear transformations of the stress deviator. It is shown that the proposed anisotropic yield functions represent with great accuracy both the tensile and compressive anisotropy in yield stresses and r-values of materials with hcp crystal structure and of metal sheets with cubic crystal structure. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the proposed formulations can describe very accurately the anisotropic behavior of metal sheets whose tensile and compressive stresses are equal.     

CVD金刚石膜的热化学抛光技术

金刚石膜的抛光技术目前已成为影响金刚石膜推广应用的关键技术之一.近年来开发的各种金刚石膜抛光技术都有其各自的优缺点和局限性.基于碳原子扩散的金刚石膜热化学抛光技术因抛光质量好、效率较高、机械损伤小等优点,而具有发展前景.但目前开发的将抛光盘整体加热至高温的热化学抛光方法,存在设备运行复杂、抛光加工成本高等问题.本文综合论述了金刚石膜热化学抛光技术的发展、特点及不同因素对金刚石膜热化学抛光的影响,在此基础上提出了一种稀土金属辅助作用下的金刚石膜超高速抛光新方法.运用扩散理论分析了抛光温度对金刚石膜理论去除率的影响,所得结果与实验较符合.本文提出的超高速抛光方法具有设备简单、可用于金刚石膜的精密抛光等优点.     

室温下金刚石薄膜上沉积立方氮化硼薄膜的研究

采用射频磁控溅射技术分别在纳米与微米金刚石薄膜上制备立方氮化硼(c- BN)薄膜.金刚石薄膜由拉曼光谱(Raman)及原子力显微镜(AFM)进行表征.采用傅立叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了不同沉积温度对c- BN薄膜生长的影响,结果表明在金刚石薄膜上生长c- BN不存在温度阈值,室温下生长的c- BN含量可达70;以上.当沉积温度由室温向上升高时,对于纳米金刚石薄膜衬底上生长的BN薄膜而言,其中的立方相含量反而逐渐降低.此外,随着沉积温度的降低,c- BN对应的峰位向低波数方向偏移的现象表明低温下生长的c- BN薄膜内应力较小.文中探讨了产生此现象的原因.     

界面对热沉用金刚石-Cu复合材料热导率的影响

用特殊粉末冶金技术制备了金刚石-Cu复合材料.用SEM、拉曼光谱、EDS分析了复合材料的界面状态,用激光闪光法测量复合材料常温下的热导率.结果表明:在最佳工艺参数下,复合材料热导率可达570W·m-1·K-1;烧结时添加适量的钴可极大促进金刚石与铜之间的粘结;钴向金刚石中的扩散及其在铜熔液中的固溶,使金刚石与铜之间形成过渡层;过渡层可增强金刚石与铜基体过渡界面的相容性,降低界面热阻;金刚石骨架的形成有助于获得超高热导率.     

金刚石涂层的纳米压痕力学性能研究

用HFCVD法在硬质合金刀具上制备了CVD金刚石涂层,利用纳米压痕仪研究了CVD金刚石涂层的硬度和弹性模量等力学性能.结果表明,反应室气压、衬底温度、反应气体中CH4含量、沉积时间等参数改变了CVD金刚石膜中sp2成分含量、晶界数量及晶界上缺陷,从而影响CVD金刚石涂层的纳米硬度和弹性模量.较高或较低的衬底温度都会导致硬质合金刀具上CVD金刚石涂层的纳米硬度、弹性模量降低;随着反应室气压、反应气体中CH4含量的增加,硬质合金刀具上CVD金刚石涂层的纳米硬度、弹性模量降低;沉积时间低于6 h时,沉积时间对硬质合金刀具上CVD金刚石涂层的纳米硬度、弹性模量影响显著,沉积时间超过6 h后,沉积时间对硬质合金刀具上CVD金刚石涂层的纳米硬度、弹性模量逐渐趋向稳定.     

人造金刚石/金属包膜界面差异性研究进展

在高温高压条件下,利用过渡族金属触媒合成金刚石单晶时,金刚石单晶表面的金属包膜在不同的生长界面上呈现不同形貌花样,揭示其本质对研究金刚石单晶的合成机理具有重要意义.本文从金属包膜不同界面间在形貌、成分、组织结构等方面的差异性出发,阐述了近年来人造金刚石单晶生长机理的研究现状,同时又提及余氏理论和程氏理论在金属包膜界面研究中的应用.并在此基础上提出今后的研究方向.     

添加剂Si对NiMnCo触媒合成金刚石的影响

本文研究了添加剂Si对NiMnCo粉末触媒合成金刚石生长特性的影响.实验中将不同比例的无定形Si粉直接添加到Ni-Mn-Co-C体系中并均匀混合,在国产六面顶压机上进行了金刚石单晶的合成实验.结果表明,由于掺Si量的不同,合成金刚石的最低生长压力有所不同,"V"形区发生了移动;通过考察Ni-Mn-Co-C和Ni-Mn-Co-Si-C两种体系中合成金刚石的情况并借助于光学显微镜,发现两种体系所合成的晶体颜色变化并不大,但随着Si含量的增加,晶体的完整性变差,包裹体增多;通过XPS检测发现,在Ni-Mn-Co-Si-C体系所合成的金刚石当中存在SiC.     

Diamond‐ and Graphite‐Like Octacyanometalate‐Based Polymers Induced by Metal Ions

By using cyclohexane‐1,2‐diamine (chxn), Ni(ClO₄)₂ ? 6H₂O and Na₃[Mo(CN)₈] ? 4H₂O, a 3D diamond‐like polymer {[Ni^II(chxn)₂]₂[Mo^IV(CN)₈] ? 8H₂O}_n ( 1 ) was synthesised, whereas the reaction of chxn and Cu(ClO₄)₂ ? 6H₂O with Na₃[M^V(CN)₈] ? 4H₂O (M=Mo, W) afforded two isomorphous graphite‐like complexes {[Cu^II(chxn)₂]₃[Mo^V(CN)₈]₂ ? 2H₂O}_n ( 2 ) and {[Cu^II(chxn)₂]₃[W^V(CN)₈]₂ ? 2H₂O}_n ( 3 ). When the same synthetic procedure was employed, but replacing Na₃[Mo(CN)₈] ? 4H₂O by (Bu₃NH)₃[Mo(CN)₈] ? 4H₂O (Bu₃N=tributylamine), {[Cu^II(chxn)₂Mo^IV(CN)₈][Cu^II(chxn)₂] ? 2H₂O}_n ( 4 ) was obtained. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses showed that the framework of 4 is similar to 2 and 3 , except that a discrete [Cu(chxn)₂]²⁺ moiety in 4 possesses large channels of parallel adjacent layers. The experimental results showed that in this system, the diamond‐ or graphite‐like framework was strongly influenced by the inducement of metal ions. The magnetic properties illustrate that the diamagnetic [Mo^IV(CN)₈] bridges mediate very weak antiferromagnetic coupling between the Ni^II ions in 1 , but lead to the paramagnetic behaviour in 4 because [Mo^IV(CN)₈] weakly coordinates to the Cu^II ions. The magnetic investigations of 2 and 3 indicate the presence of ferromagnetic coupling between the Cu^II and W^V/Mo^V ions, and the more diffuse 5d orbitals lead to a stronger magnetic coupling interaction between the W^V and Cu^II ions than between the Mo^V and Cu^II ions.     

Analytical Characteristics of Electrochemical Biosensor Using Pt‐Dispersed Graphene on Boron Doped Diamond Electrode

An electrochemical biosensor was developed using Pt‐nanoparticles (Pt‐NPs) dispersed graphene based on a boron‐doped diamond thin film electrode. To compare its performances with those of other biosensors, glucose was used as a target analyte. This biosensor exhibited a wide linear range, a low detection limit and a higher sensitivity compared to other amperometric biosensors using graphene‐based electrodes. In addition, the biosensor promotes a direct electron transfer between the redox enzymes and the electrode surface and detects low concentration analytes. The excellent performance of the biosensor is attributed to the synergistic effect of the Pt‐NPs, graphene sheet and the BDD thin film. Therefore, it can be a promising application for electrochemical detection of analytes.