电驱动金刚石对顶砧低温连续加压装置

采用电驱动压电陶瓷取代传统机械螺丝给金刚石对顶砧施加压力,设计制备了低温下可连续增加流体静压的金刚石对顶砧压力装置,实现了低温(19±1)K连续加压达到4.41 GPa.该装置具有电驱动方便灵活、调谐精度高的低温连续加压功能.利用该装置实现了InAs单量子点发光与微腔腔模的共振耦合调谐过程.该装置将在原位压力精确调谐及测量样品信号跟踪等实验得到应用.     

The peculiarities of ion scattering by crystals due to surface halfchannels,formed by close packed atomic rows

The ion scattering by the surface of crystals has been studied when there are halfchannels on the crystal surface, which are formed by close packed atomic rows of the first and the second layers of crystals. The obtained results are compared with one of ion scattering by directions, which have no surface halfchannels.     

Electrical and structural properties of diamond films implanted by various doses of oxygen ions

Oxygen-doped diamond films are prepared by implanting various dose oxygen ions into the diamond films synthesized by hot filament chemical vapour deposition, and their electrical and structural properties are investigated. Hall effect measurements show that lower dose oxygen ion implantation is beneficial to preparing n-type diamonds. The carrier concentration increases with the dose increasing, indicating that oxygen ions supply electrons to the diamonds. The results of AES spectrum indicate that oxygen ions are doped into the diamond films, and the O-implanted depth is around 0.1μm. Raman spectrum measurements indicate that the lower dose oxygen ion implantation at 10¹⁴cm^-2 or 10¹⁵cm^-2 is favourable for producing less damaged O-doped diamond films.     

Conductive diamond sono-electrochemical disinfection (CDSED) for municipal wastewater reclamation

In the present work, the disinfection of actual effluents from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) by a conductive diamond sono-electrochemical process was assessed. First, efficiency of single electrodisinfection process with diamond anodes (without the contribution of ultrasounds) was studied, finding that the total disinfection can be attained at current charges applied below 0.02 kA h m⁻³. It was also found that the main disinfection mechanism is the attack of Escherichia coli (E. coli) by the disinfectants produced in the electrochemical cell and that the production of chlorates is avoided when working at current densities not higher than 1.27 A m⁻². Next, a marked synergistic effect was found when coupling ultrasound (US) irradiation to the electrochemical system (sono-electrochemical disinfection). This increase in the disinfection rate was found to be related to the suppression of the agglomeration of E. coli cells and the enhancement in the production of disinfectant species.     

基于六角形晶格的光子晶体零折射率特性及其光学应用研究

运用色散特性分析的方法,在六角形晶格光子晶体能带结构的布里渊区中心找到了狄拉克点,用等效媒质理论验证了在这一点上光子晶体的等效介电常量和等效磁导率同时为零,即存在狄拉克频点,用此六角形晶格光子晶体可以实现零折射率材料.随后运用有限元数值仿真方法,研究了此六角形晶格结构在狄拉克频点及其附近所呈现的零折射率特性.将此种六角形晶格光子晶体经过合理设计用以制作凹透镜,发现可以实现远场的亚波长聚焦.此外在凹透镜的入射面处引入防反射结构可以在一定程度上增强聚焦效果,提高了系统的分辨率.     

B,N协同掺杂金刚石电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于金刚石的稳定结构, 在实验研究的基础上, 本文采用基于周期性密度泛函理论计算了B/N单掺杂、共掺杂金刚石的晶体结构, 并就掺杂方式和掺杂后形成能进行了对比研究, 得到了B/N双掺杂的最稳定结构. 在此基础上, 进一步计算了N单掺杂及B/N共掺杂最稳定结构的吸收光谱、电子结构和态密度. 通过与实验结果对比可以看出, 较N单掺杂, B/N共掺杂的吸收光谱发生明显红移, 与实验符合较好. 计算结果表明: N原子单掺杂优先于B原子; 由于原子间的协同作用, B/N近邻共掺杂体系的形成能最低, 为掺杂的最可能结构.     

High quantum efficiency UV detection using a‐Se based photodetector

High‐sensitivity ultraviolet (UV) photodetection has been attempted by utilizing the carrier multiplication effect in amorphous selenium. The prototype photodetector presented in this Letter showed an extremely high sensitivity to UV light, so that up to 1000 carriers are generated per incident photon. This result should lead to the development of an ultrahigh‐sensitivity photodetector that can be used for spectrometric applications covering the visible to UV region. (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Spindt型与薄膜场致发射的数值模拟与特性比较

采用质点网格法（particle-in-cell）,利用MAGIC软件模拟了场致发射的物理过程.对两 种典型的场致发射模型（Spindt阴极发射体和金刚石薄膜发射体）分别进行了模拟.对Spind t阴极发射，研究了发射特性与尖端尺寸，尖端与栅极面的相对高度的关系.对金刚石薄膜发 射，比较了三极管和四极管的发射特性，以及薄膜面积对发射特性的影响，得出金刚石薄膜 发射体优于Spindt发射体的特性. 关键词： 场致发射 MAGIC程序 Spindt发射体 金刚石薄膜发射体     

N离子注入对金刚石膜场发射特性的影响

不同剂量的N离子被注入到化学气相沉积金刚石膜内，研究了表面结构及场发射特性的变化.Raman谱和x射线光电子能谱分析表明，N离子的注入破坏了金刚石膜表面原有的sp3结构，并在膜内形成大量的sp2 C—C 和sp2 C—N 键.样品的场发射测试显示N离子的注入显著提高了金刚石膜场发射特性，膜的场发射阈值电场从注入前的18 V/μm下降到注入后的4 V/μm.金刚石膜场发射特性的提高归因于N离子注入后膜内sp2 C键含量的增加和体内缺陷带的形成，这些变化能改变膜的表面功函数，提高Feimi能级，降低电子隧穿表面的能量势垒. 关键词： 场致电子发射 N离子注入 金刚石膜 热丝化学气相沉积     

正庚烷相变序列的高压拉曼光谱研究

在室温条件下, 利用金刚石对顶砧超高压实验技术, 对液态的正庚烷进行了原位高压拉曼光谱研究, 采用红宝石荧光压标测压, 实验的最高压力为20.78 GPa。实验中发现, 当压力达到1.2 GPa左右时, 原本透明的样品腔内有小晶粒形成, 此时测量的拉曼谱上发现有许多新的拉曼峰出现。因此, 我们判断正庚烷在此压力下发生了一次相变; 当压力增加到3 GPa左右时, 在92.42 cm-1和2913.6 cm-1处又出现了2个新的拉曼峰, 并且拉曼频移随压力变化的曲线出现拐点, 我们推测在此压力下正庚烷可能又发生第二次相变; 当压力高于14.5 GPa时, 正庚烷发生了第三次压致相变; 而当压力介于7.5~14.5 GPa之间正庚烷处于两相共存的状态。我们给出了液体正庚烷在高压下的相变序列为: 液相-旋转相Ⅲ-旋转相Ⅳ-结晶相。该研究结果为进一步理解和研究其他正烷烃在高压下的结构、物理和化学特性提供了理论基础。