运用RBF径向基神经网络识别基于小波变换的淫羊藿苷红外光谱指纹特征

运用RBF径向基神经网络对基于傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）法、相关系数比对法及多层次小波变换所提取的淫羊藿药材样本有效成分指纹特征进行识别。样品包括药典选用的５个物种（淫羊藿Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.、箭叶淫羊藿E.sagittatum（Sieb. et Zucc.） Maxim.、柔毛淫羊藿E.pubescens Maxim.、朝鲜淫羊藿E.koreanum Nakai和巫山淫羊藿E.wushanense T.S.Ying）和其他物种共计250个样本。淫羊藿指标成分淫羊藿苷在原药材和甲醇提取物的红外光谱图上,具有较明显的1 259 cm-1特征峰,经典的HPLC法的定量分析结果也佐证了淫羊藿苷的含量与1 259 cm-1峰的位置具有很好的一致性。为此该峰可以用来作为判别各物种淫羊藿药材是否含有淫羊藿苷的重要依据。在此基础上,采用相关系数比对法和多层次的小波变换法消除了因淫羊藿苷含量低、吸收峰弱,信号和噪声大的问题,增强了RBF径向基神经网络的识别效果。初步建立了基于小波变换和RBF径向基神经网络淫羊藿原药材红外光谱快速识别淫羊藿苷指标成分的一种新方法。     

中国车前草挥发性化学成分分析

用同时蒸馏 萃取装置(SDE)提取中国车前草的挥发性物质,测得车前草挥发油质量分数为2.79%,用GC MS法从车前草的挥发油中分离确认出20种化学成分,占挥发油总量的95.08%。用峰面积归一化法通过化学工作站数据处理系统得出各化学成分在挥发油中的质量分数。     

Differentiation of Herba Cistanches by fingerprint with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry

Herba Cistanche (Rou Cong Rong in Chinese), dried succulent stems of Cistanche deserticola or C. tubulosa, is a famous Chinese herbal medicine and has been recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. In recent years, another two non-official species, C. salsa and C. sinensis have also been used as Herba Cistanche in some regions of China. To investigate the possibility of using these two non-official species as alternatives to the official species, a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection-mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-MS) fingerprint method was developed to comparatively analyze the crude herbs of these four species. The fingerprint of C. deserticola, a historically certified species of Herba Cistanche, serves as 'standard pattern' for comparing the similarities with the other species by means of similarity and Principle Component Analysis. Additionally, 18 characteristic peaks in the fingerprints were identified by comparing their retention times, UV spectra and ESI-MS data with those of the reference substances and/or the data in the literatures. The comparative results demonstrate that the fingerprints of C. tubulosa and C. salsa possess high similarity to the standard pattern, suggesting that these two species may be used as alternative species; while that of C. sinensis has low similarity (0.053 correlation coefficient) to the standard pattern, indicating that it cannot be used as the substitute of the official herb. However, the varying fingerprint patterns among the samples of C. deserticola collected from various habitats illustrate that the quality consistency of crude herbs is still a problem worthy of serious concern.     

高效液相法测定益母草中益母草碱含量研究

建立一种高效液相色谱(HPLC)检测鲜益母草及其制剂中益母草碱含量的方法。色谱柱为依利特Hypersil柱,流动相为0.00125 mol/L KH2PO4-CH3CN(87∶13,V/V),流速1 mL/min,柱温35℃,检测波长为276 nm。益母草碱的标准曲线回归方程是y=227 394x 1 292 605,r=0.9999(n=5)。该方法测定益母草及其制剂中益母草碱的含量,具有简便、准确及可靠的优点。     

Large-Scale Isolation and Purification of Scoparone from Herba artemisiae scopariae by High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography

A preparative high-speed counter-current chromatography with a two-phase solvent system composed of n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol- water (1:1:0.45:1.55, v/v/v/v) was successfully performed to isolate scoparone (6,7-dimethoxycoumarin, 6,7-dimethylesculetin, 6,7-DME) from the plant of Herba artemisiae scopariae, a traditional Chinese medicine. 233.5 mg Scoparone with the purity of 96.8% (determined by HPLC) was obtained in one-step elution from 800 mg crude extract. The recovery of scoparone was 91.8%, and the chemical structure of this compound was identified by IR, MS, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectrum.     

麻黄草中麻黄碱浸提方法的比较研究

用四种不同的方法，对麻黄草中生物碱进行提取．用高效液相对其主要成份麻黄碱和伪麻黄碱进行定量，结果表明：方法四即用超声波提取麻黄碱为最优方式．所测含量远远大于其它三种方法．本研究为麻黄碱的提取提供了实验依据．     

High-Performance Liquid Chromatographic Method for Determination and Pharmacokinetic Study of Chlorogenic Acid in the Plasma of Rats After Administration of the Chinese Medicinal Preparation Luying Decoction

A simple and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for determination of chlorogenic acid in rat plasma. Chlorogenic acid was extracted from plasma samples with methanol. HPLC analysis of the extracts was performed on a C₁₈ column (250 mm × 4.6 mm i.d., 5 µm particles). The mobile phase was acetonitrile −1% formic acid (9:91, v/v). The calibration plot was linear over the range 0.0420–2.10 µg mL⁻¹ and the lower limit of quantification was 0.0420 µg mL⁻¹. The method was reproducible and reliable with intra-day precision better than 8.2%, inter-day precision better than 9.1%, accuracy within ±8.3%, and mean extraction recovery above 84.4%. The validated method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of chlorogenic acid in rat plasma after administration of Luying decoction.     

Protective effects on ovalbumin-induced mouse asthma models and qualitative and quantitative analysis of multiple compounds in Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba

Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba is widely used to treat cough and asthma in China. However, its effects on allergic asthma as related to its chemical compositions have not been fully elucidated, and there is a scarcity of methods to determine multi-component contents for quality control. In this study, protective effects of Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba on ovalbumin-induced asthma models were investigated, while qualitative and quantitative analyses of multiple constituents in Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba were conducted by using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–Q Exactive hybrid quadrupole-orbitrap high-resolution accurate mass spectrometry and an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–photodiode array detection. The results showed that Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba could significantly mitigate asthma symptoms, reduce eosinophils counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, as well as decrease IgE, IL-5, and IL-13 concentration, and inflammatory cellular infiltration in lung tissues. A total of 51 compounds were tentatively identified, in which the content of 10 representative compounds was determined in 24 batches of Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba by using an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography method with good linearity, precision, repeatability, accuracy, and stability. This research presents a comprehensive strategy combining biological activity evaluation with chemical profiling, providing a useful and comprehensive reference for further application and quality control of Gerberae Piloselloidis Herba.