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31.
本文介绍一种能够对车灯光度、色度性能同时进行在线测试的计量仪器。它操作方便,精度较高,符合国标对车灯配光性能检测的要求。  相似文献   
32.
The curing kinetics of films produced from compositions based on UV-curable oligourethaneacrylates is investigated using, as a source of radiation, an individual spectral line separated by a monochromator from the radiation of a DRT-400 mercury tubular lamp. It has been established that in the region of spectral sensitivity of the composition, the curing time of the film is inversely proportional to the intensity of volumetric absorption of the radiation-source photons by the initiator at the lower surface of the film under study. Individual contributions of some of the lines to the process of composition curing by using the integral spectrum of the radiation source have been evaluated. The spectral-kinetic results obtained were confirmed when using the compositions under study as protective coatings of optical quartz fibers.Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 71, No. 6, pp. 836–840, November–December, 2004.This revised version was published online in April 2005 with a corrected cover date.  相似文献   
33.
利用从头算和密度泛函理论研究了腺嘌呤(A)-5-溴尿嘧啶复合物中(T+)中的键合模式. 研究结果表明,T+中的Br原子同时与A分子中的氨基氢和氮原子存在弱的相互作用,在这种结合模式中,Br原子与亲核基团H正面结合,同时与亲电基团N侧面结合,分别形成氢键和卤键.静电势分析发现:T+中的Br原子与A中的N7 (或N1)是通过静电相互吸引的. Br与N原子之间的相互作用通过分子中的原子理论得以证实. 关键点的拓扑参数显示卤键是闭壳层相互作用. 自然键轨道分析说明,A中N原子上孤对电子的电荷主要转移到C{Br的反  相似文献   
34.
We review techniques to prepare, evaluate and apply sets of cross section and transport data for negative ions that are required for the modeling of collisional non-equilibrium plasmas used for processing of microelectronic circuits. We collect and discuss the transport coefficients and cross section sets.We have compiled data for negative ions in CF4 and CF4-related negative ions in rare gases. In addition, we consider data for F and CF3 in rare gases. Furthermore, we analyze the cross sections of halogen negative ions in rare gases and other molecules. This is followed by the data for SF6 related ions in SF6 and in rare gases. The cross section for scattering of O in O2 has been derived from the transport data and used to make calculations of the transport properties. Finally we give a brief discussion of the availability of the data for H ions in H2. We have derived cross sections in several cases but the basic aim is to show the basic features of transport coefficients. In particular we discuss the need to represent properly some details such as the non-conservative nature of transport coefficients and the anisotropy of diffusion. Application of approximate theories and representations of cross sections are also discussed.  相似文献   
35.
短弧氙灯是一种发光强度高,具有从紫外到红外的连续光谱的点光源。本文介绍交流供电的短弧氙灯光源,用两电极短弧氙灯实现三电极短弧氙灯性能的方法。给出了用一个系统满足各种不同发光强度、不同调制波形、不同调制频率的要求,以及在制造和使用过程中应注意的事项。  相似文献   
36.
Regioselective halogen/metal exchange reactions using isopropylmagnesium chloride were studied on 3-substituted 1,2,5-tribromoarenes. Seven examples are given.  相似文献   
37.
Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) are emerging as a new type of liquid phase in which molecular recognition processes can effectively take place. The combination of perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and noncovalent associations, mostly hydrogen bonds, ion pairing, halogen bonds or coordination bonds, has already been successfully exploited for applications in organic synthesis (catalyst recycling, by-product removal), electrochemical sensing, selective extraction/titration processes or to prepare gels. Due to the extreme solvophobic effect in PFCs, the least polar existing fluids, noncovalent associations tend to be enhanced. For instance, quantitative data on the increase in association strength occurring in PFCs have recently been reported for ion-pairing interactions or encapsulation processes. Moreover, several examples show that confining a receptor in a fluorous phase leads to recognition processes with improved selectivity.  相似文献   
38.
Highly regio-selective cyanation of vicinal (Z)-dibromoalkenyl silanes was achieved by a vinylic Rosenmund-von Braun reaction, significantly suppressing side-production of alkyne. The alkyne was generated by a halogen elimination side-reaction that is an intrinsic problem in metal-activation of vicinal dihaloalkenes. We have studied to overcome the problem, and finally found the combination of CuCN and O = PPh3 in toluene solvent effectively controlled the production of byproducts. The resultant single isomer has significance in potentially application as a multi-tunable synthetic scaffold.  相似文献   
39.
A simplified method for preparation of electrodeless discharge lamp for uranium isotopes with specific concerns for 232U is described. Micro-gram quantities of solid uranium oxides and aqueous solution of uranium nitrate have been used as a starting material for in situ synthesis of uranium tetraiodide. High temperature iodination reaction is carried out in the presence of inert gas neon. By careful design, the preparation time and surface area of quartz reaction tubes have been reduced considerably. The latter decreases the level of contamination which has a direct bearing on the operational lifetime of the lamps. Incorporation of steps to purify the product from an unwanted material improved the stability of the lamps. The procedure provides a safe and convenient way of handling 232U in particular but can be extended in general to any actinides having radioactivity similar to that of freshly separated 232U. Characteristic emission of uranium isotopes have been recorded by Fourier Transform Spectrometer to show the satisfactory operation of the lamps as well as their usage for studying emission spectra of the specific isotope.  相似文献   
40.
Mercury and lead were determined in an extraction solution applied to compact fluorescent lamps by axial view inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). The solution contained 50% v/v HNO3 and 10% v/v H2O2. The compact fluorescent lamps were treated by removing the socket and breaking the rest of the lamp inside the solution, followed by placing the mixture in an ultrasonic bath for 1 h. The mixture was filtrated in a coarse paper filter and the resulting extraction slurry was analyzed. The determination of Pb in the slurry required calibration by the analyte addition technique, while for Hg, external calibration was adequate. The quantification limits (10 s, n = 7), for Hg (194.164 nm) and Pb (220.353 nm) were, respectively, 10 and 30 µg per lamp. Analysis of spiked samples demonstrated reasonable accuracy of the method, with recoveries in the range from 99 to 120% for Hg and from 91 to 107% for Pb. Fifteen analyzed samples showed Hg masses per lamp in the range from 1.6 to 27 mg, and six samples were above the limit allowed by the European Community that is 5 mg per compact lamp. The values for Pb were between 0.07 and 0.75 mg per lamp. By filtrating the slurry in a membrane filter, and analyzing the resulting solution, it was found that all Hg was extracted to the liquid phase of the slurry, while a fraction of about 40% m/v of Pb is retained in the solid particles. The lamp cover glass, after extraction of the phosphor layer, was also analyzed for Hg and Pb. The concentration of Hg in the glass is quite low; however, the Pb content is high.  相似文献   
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