多模式离子推力器输入参数设计及工作特性研究

针对我国小行星探测任务对电推进系统离子推力器设计要求,基于等离子体基本理论建立了多模式离子推力器输入参数与输出特性关系,完成各工作点下屏栅电压、束电流、阳极电流、加速电压,流率等输入参数设计,采用试验研究和理论分析的方法研究了推力器工作特性.试验结果表明:在设计输入参数下,23个工作点推力最大误差小于3%,比冲最大误差小于4%,在功率为289—3106 W下,推力为9.7—117.6 mN,比冲为1220—3517 s,效率为23.4%—67.8%,电子返流极限电压随着推力增加单调减小,最小、最大推力下分别为-79.5 V和-137 V,放电损耗随着功率增大从359.7 W/A下降到210 W/A,并在886 W时存在明显拐点,效率随功率增大而上升,在1700 W后增速变缓并趋于稳定,在轨应用可综合推力器性能、任务剖面要求、寿命,合理设计输入参数区间,制定控制策略.     

Isotropic polynomial invariants of Hall tensor

The Hall tensor emerges from the study of the Hall effect, an important magnetic effect observed in electric conductors and semiconductors. The Hall tensor is third-order and three-dimensional, whose first two indices are skew-symmetric. This paper investigates the isotropic polynomial invariants of the Hall tensor by connecting it with a second-order tensor via the third-order Levi-Civita tensor. A minimal isotropic integrity basis with 10 invariants for the Hall tensor is proposed. Furthermore, it is proved that this minimal integrity basis is also an irreducible isotropic function basis of the Hall tensor.     

HallЧӦ��MHD����������˥����Ӱ��

通过数值模拟研究了欧姆定律中的Hall效应修正对MHD湍流的能量衰减的影响。在低或没有磁螺旋性约束的情况下推导出了 t–1能量衰减律。     

Finite element solution of heat and mass transfer flow with Hall current, heat source, and viscous dissipation

The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of heat and mass transfer on the unsteady magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow with Hall current, heat source, and viscous dissipation. The problem is governed by the system of coupled non-linear partial differential equations whose exact solution is difficult to obtain. Therefore, the problem is solved by using the Galerkin finite element method. The effects of the various parameters like Hall current, Eckert number, heat source parameter, Prandtl number, and Schmidt number on the velocity components, the temperature, and the concentration are also examined through graphs.     

Room-temperature anomalous Hall effect and magnetroresistance in (Ga, Co)-codoped ZnO diluted magnetic semiconductor films

This paper reports that the(Ga,Co)-codoped ZnO thin films have been grown by inductively coupled plasma enhanced physical vapour deposition.Room-temperature ferromagnetism is observed for the as-grown thin films.The x-ray absorption fine structure characterization reveals that Co 2+ and Ga 3+ ions substitute for Zn 2+ ions in the ZnO lattice and exclude the possibility of extrinsic ferromagnetism origin.The ferromagnetic(Ga,Co)-codoped ZnO thin films exhibit carrier concentration dependent anomalous Hall effect and positive magnetoresistance at room temperature.The mechanism of anomalous Hall effect and magneto-transport in ferromagnetic ZnO-based diluted magnetic semiconductors is discussed.     

Natural convection flow of a couple stress fluid between two vertical parallel plates with Hall and ion-slip effects

The Hall and ion-slip effects on fully developed electrically conducting couple stress fluid flow between vertical parallel plates in the presence of a temperature dependent heat source are investigated. The governing non-linear partial differential equations are transformed into a system of ordinary differential equations using similarity transformations. The resulting equations are then solved using the homotopy analysis method (HAM). The effects of the magnetic parameter, Hall parameter, ion-slip parameter and couple stress fluid parameter on velocity and temperature are discussed and shown graphically.     

使用不同工质的会切磁场等离子体推力器

会切磁场等离子体推力器是一种利用磁镜约束等离子体产生推力的新型推力器,具有寿命长、推力大范围连续可调等优点,在无拖曳控制领域具有较大的应用前景.分别采用Xe,Kr和Ar三种不同工质,开展了会切磁场等离子体推力器实验.首先,对所用的推力器进行了简要的原理和设计介绍;然后,对三种工质的点火电压分别进行了测试,发现Xe是最容易点火成功的,Kr和Ar点火难度较大.在阳极电流、推力、效率和比冲等性能方面,三种工质在同等条件下也存在明显的区别.分析发现,三者的工质利用率高低导致了性能上的差别,通过提升通流密度能够大幅提升Kr和Ar的工质利用率.在羽流结构方面,法拉第测量结果表明三者都存在明显的空心羽流,且离子电流密度峰值出现的角度随着原子量的减小而逐渐减小.     

脉冲等离子体推力器等离子体羽流的光谱研究

脉冲等离子体推力器(pulsed plasma thruster, PPT)具有体积小、重量轻、比冲高等优点,特别适合作为执行微小卫星轨道转移、阻力补偿和姿态控制等任务的推进系统。为了深入理解PPT推力产生的机理,本文对采用具有张角的舌型极板的尾部馈送式PPT等离子体羽流开展了时空分辨光谱诊断研究。通过对光谱数据的分析发现： 等离子体羽流的主要成分为C,F,C+,F+,C2+,还含有少量的由于极板烧蚀产生的Cu+和Cu2+;等离子体在放电通道内的分布不均匀,通道中心的等离子体浓度最大,靠近阳极板的等离子浓度要明显大于靠近阴极板的等离子体浓度;在不同位置处等离子体成分也具有较大差别,F+和中性粒子主要分布在靠近阳极侧的区域;通过对各个分立谱线进行多普勒线性拟合,得到了放电通道内等离子体温度信息;以中轴线靠近工质的观测点为例,对该点在整个放电过程中不同时刻的谱线进行分析,得到了该点等离子体的具体演化过程,发现在放电的不同阶段羽流成分及各组分所占比例差别较大。     

喷管长度对直筒型激光推力器推进性能的影响

"烧蚀模式"激光推进是利用强激光烧蚀推力器自身携带的工质产生的高温高压气团反喷进行驱动的,推力器的喷管构型对推进性能有重要影响。鉴于此,从实验和数值模拟两个方面研究了喷管长度对直筒型激光推力器推进性能的影响。实验发现,衡量推进性能的2个主要参数冲量耦合系数和比冲均随着喷管长度的增加而增加,不过前者的增长呈渐缓趋势。综合考虑推进参数和推力器自重的影响,导出了推力器获得最大单脉冲速度增量(ΔvT)的最佳喷管长度公式。数值模拟得到的不同喷管长度推力器推进参数的变化规律与实验结果基本吻合:若喷管长度过短,则高压气体未能充分作用于推力器就被排出筒外,造成了能量的浪费;若喷管长度过长,筒内压力的衰减则成为影响推进性能的主要因素,从而解释了直筒型推力器的推进性能的增长趋势随喷管长度增加而逐渐趋缓的原因。     

Spin current transmission in Co1-xTbx films

We investigate the spin to charge conversion phenomena in Y₃Fe₅O₁₂/Pt/Co_1-xTb_x/Pt multilayers by both the spin pumping and spin Seebeck effects.We find that the spin transport efficiency is irrelevant to magnetization states of the perpendicular magnetized Co;Tb;films,which can be attributed to the symmetry requirement of the inverse transverse spin Hall effect.Furthermore,the spin transmission efficiency is significantly affected by the film concentration,revealing the dominant role of extrinsic impurity scattering caused by Tb impurity.The present results provide further guidance for enhancing the spin transport efficiency and developing spintronic devices.