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71.
72.
The grain boundary is an interface and the surface tension is one of its important thermodynamic properties. In this paper,
the surface tension of the ∑9 grain boundary for α-Fe at various temperatures and pressures is calculated by means of Computer
Molecular Dynamics (CMD). The results agree satisfactorily with the experimental data. It is shown that the contribution of
entropy to surface tension of grain boundary can be ignored.
The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Science Foundation of Chinese Academy of
Sciences. 相似文献
73.
CdZnTe核探测器的蒙特卡罗模拟的初步研究 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以CdZnTe核探测器的工作原理为依据,探测器内反应的随机性和反应产生的电子空穴对数目的统计规律为物理模型,应用Visual C + + 自行编制了蒙特卡罗模拟软件.模拟了γ射线在CdZnTe探测器中的响应能谱,并将模拟结果与实际器件的测试结果进行了比较讨论.模拟能谱与实际测得的能谱的主峰符合较好.此外,通过分析57Co源辐照下探测效率与器件厚度的关系,可以推测探测效率达到最大时所对应CdZnTe探测器的理想厚度 相似文献
74.
用数值模拟方法研究利用辐射加热来产生均匀等离子体状态,它可被用来测量元素的辐射不透明度,校验辐射不透明度理论。研究了在辐射加热铁的“三明治”型靶时影响生成均匀等离子体状态的几个重要因素(样品厚度、CH膜厚度和辐射源)所起的作用,研究发现,当铁等离子体通过热传导达到均匀状态时,其尺度必须与此时的传热距离相当,从而定出铁样品的厚度;低Z介质CH膜对铁等离子体有明显的箍束作用,调整CH膜的厚度可以调节所产生的等离子体状态;调整不同方向上的CH膜厚度,可以控制铁等离子体的膨胀方向,使它尽可能地达到一维膨胀,使得反推出的等离子体密度可以更加准确;样品的种类、厚度以及外面的低Z介质厚度决定了在某时刻能获得的等离子体状态,以及为产生此等离子体状态所需的最低辐射能。 相似文献
75.
Zhengqian Luo Guoyong Sun Zhiping Cai Miaoling Si Qibo Li 《Optics Communications》2007,277(1):118-124
In this paper, continuous wave Yb3+-doped double-clad fiber lasers (DCFLs) with linear-cavity are investigated theoretically and numerically using the rate equations. Under the steady state conditions, the simplified analytic solutions of Yb3+-doped DCFLs under considering the scattering loss are deduced in the strongly pump condition. Compared with the known analytic solutions in published literatures, our analytic solutions are more accurate, especially, at higher reflectivity of output mirror. In addition, a fast and stable algorithm based on the Newton-Raphson method is proposed to simulate numerically Yb3+-doped DCFLs. The results by simplified analytic solutions are in good agreement with those by the numerical simulation. Moreover, we have performed the optimization of an Yb3+-doped DCFL using the simplified analytic solutions and the numerical simulations, respectively. 相似文献
76.
S. Juneja 《Queueing Systems》2007,57(2-3):115-127
Efficient estimation of tail probabilities involving heavy tailed random variables is amongst the most challenging problems
in Monte-Carlo simulation. In the last few years, applied probabilists have achieved considerable success in developing efficient
algorithms for some such simple but fundamental tail probabilities. Usually, unbiased importance sampling estimators of such
tail probabilities are developed and it is proved that these estimators are asymptotically efficient or even possess the desirable
bounded relative error property. In this paper, as an illustration, we consider a simple tail probability involving geometric
sums of heavy tailed random variables. This is useful in estimating the probability of large delays in M/G/1 queues. In this setting we develop an unbiased estimator whose relative error decreases to zero asymptotically. The key
idea is to decompose the probability of interest into a known dominant component and an unknown small component. Simulation
then focuses on estimating the latter ‘residual’ probability. Here we show that the existing conditioning methods or importance
sampling methods are not effective in estimating the residual probability while an appropriate combination of the two estimates
it with bounded relative error. As a further illustration of the proposed ideas, we apply them to develop an estimator for
the probability of large delays in stochastic activity networks that has an asymptotically zero relative error.
相似文献
77.
双对数模型对模型模拟误差的放缩问题探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对双对数模型lg Y=a0+a1lg X1+a2lg X2+…+anlg Xn与其对应的指数模型y=c0xa11xa22…xann的模拟相对误差的关系进行了探讨,指出双对数模型具有放大和缩小指数模型相对误差的特性.对二者的关系进行了理论推导和实例验证,并给出了二者的定量关系式. 相似文献
78.
In hardware design, it is necessary to simulate the anticipated behavior of the integrated circuit before it is actually cast in silicon. As simulation procedures are long due to the great number of tests to be performed, optimization of the simulation code is of prime importance. This paper describes two mathematical models for the minimization of the memory access times for a cycle-based simulator.An integrated circuit being viewed as a directed acyclic graph, the problem consists in building a graph order on the vertices, compatible with the relation order induced by the graph, in order to minimize a cost function that represents the memory access time. For both proposed cost functions, we show that the corresponding problems are NP-complete. However, we show that the special cases where the graphs are in-trees or out-trees can be solved in polynomial time. 相似文献
79.
80.