Aromatic Higher Alcohols in Wine: Implication on Aroma and Palate Attributes during Chardonnay Aging

The higher alcohols 2-phenylethanol, tryptophol, and tyrosol are a group of yeast-derived compounds that have been shown to affect the aroma and flavour of fermented beverages. Five variants of the industrial wine strain AWRI796, previously isolated due to their elevated production of the ‘rose-like aroma’ compound 2-phenylethanol, were characterised during pilot-scale fermentation of a Chardonnay juice. We show that these variants not only increase the concentration of 2-phenylethanol but also modulate the formation of the higher alcohols tryptophol, tyrosol, and methionol, as well as other volatile sulfur compounds derived from methionine, highlighting the connections between yeast nitrogen and sulfur metabolism during fermentation. We also investigate the development of these compounds during wine storage, focusing on the sulfonation of tryptophol. Finally, the sensory properties of wines produced using these strains were quantified at two time points, unravelling differences produced by biologically modulating higher alcohols and the dynamic changes in wine flavour over aging.     

胃癌细胞显微后向散射光谱分析

为了实验分析单个人正常胃上皮细胞与癌变细胞显微后向散射光谱的区别,结合光纤共聚焦显微成像技术和细胞散射理论,建立了一套基于光纤共聚焦的细胞检测显微光谱分析装置。该装置能够同时获取细胞显微图像和显微光谱医学信息。利用该装置测量了贴壁正常胃上皮细胞GES-1和癌变胃上皮细胞NCI-N87,得到了这两种细胞株细胞水平的显微光谱特性,其光谱具有明显的区别,说明该装置能够在细胞水平上辨别正常和癌变细胞的显微光谱。所得到的正常和癌变胃上皮细胞的显微后向散射光谱曲线与现有单核细胞散射分析结果一致,为以后的细胞水平检测癌变研究提供了必要的基础。     

光谱技术检测鲜红斑痣病变程度的MC模拟

在分析鲜红斑痣病理的基础上,根据病变程度改变真皮上层血液层的厚度,并建立相应的光学模型,确定其组织光学参数.通过Monte Carlo模拟,得出：鲜红斑痣皮肤反射光谱与荧光光谱均可反映鲜红斑痣皮肤病变程度,特别是血管直径的变化;当血管直径增大时,鲜红斑痣皮肤反射光谱反射率与荧光光谱强度均明显下降.研究表明反射光谱和荧光光谱可能应用于判断或分析鲜红斑痣皮肤的病变程度,从而为鲜红斑痣的临床治疗方案及治疗效果提供参考.     

普通高等学校医药类专业物理理论课教学现状调查

采用问卷调查的方式,调查了全国28省(市)69所普通高等学校医药专业(本科)物理理论课的教学情况．结果表明：经过多年的努力。医药院校的物理理论课教学取得了显著的成果;但由于学时数的削减,也有许多院校的物理理论课教学受到很大的限制．亟待出台适应新形势、有全国指导意义的医药类专业(本科)物理课程教学基本要求,以利于规范普通高等学校医药类专业(本科)物理课程教学．     

Characterization of must and wine of six varieties of grapes by direct infusion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Samples of must derived from six different varieties of grapes taken during the fermentation process, as well as the respective wine samples directly after the end of the malolactic fermentation, were analyzed by direct infusion negative ion mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). Diagnostic ions for must were different from those of wine samples, although small variations for each of the grape varieties were also detected. The addition of unfermented must or sugar to wine could also be clearly detected. The spectra were acquired in a few minutes per sample, indicating that ESI-MS can be used for high-throughput analysis of samples and should prove useful for quality control during and after the fermentation process.     

醋酸酐衍生-气相色谱-质谱联用测定葡萄酒中的糖醇

建立了先采用醋酸酐衍生然后用气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测葡萄酒中糖醇的方法。在葡萄酒中加入吡啶涡旋混合均匀,以5000 r/min (4℃)离心10 min。取上清液过有机滤膜,加入吡啶、醋酸酐衍生。加无水硫酸钠吸水后,经DB-5MS毛细管气相色谱柱分离,在选择离子监测(SIM)模式下进行检测。各目标物在0.019~1.25 mg/L (乳糖醇在0.039~2.50 mg/L)范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r²)均大于0.99。赤藓糖醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、山梨糖醇、半乳糖醇和乳糖醇的定量限(信噪比(S/N)=10)分别为0.17、0.29、0.43、0.46、0.47和2.88 mg/L;检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.05、0.08、0.13、0.14、0.14和1.38 mg/L。在40 mg/L和80 mg/L加标水平下,6种糖醇在葡萄酒基质中的回收率为80.15%~108.75%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.16%~6.97%。该方法的灵敏度、准确度和精密度均符合相关的技术要求,适合于葡萄酒中糖醇含量的快速检测。     

人体腿部四层结构的红外热成像有限元分析

为研究人体红外热成像和体内肿瘤热源的关联,本文构建了包括骨层、肌肉层、脂肪层、皮肤层的人体腿部有限元模型。根据体内温度沿径向分布的特点,给出了各区域内动脉血液灌注热生成率随径向坐标变化的情况,解决了有限元建模中动脉血灌注热生成率随温度变化的非线性问题。进而用有限元方法数值计算了不同尺寸和不同深度的体内肿瘤所带来的温度变化。结果表明：在所研究的肿瘤尺寸范围内,肿瘤尺寸越小,体内温度提升越高,体表的峰值温度越高,体表温度分布半峰宽越窄,温度变化越陡峭。对于特定尺寸的肿瘤,肿瘤越深,体内峰值温度越高,体表的峰值温度越低,体表温度分布半峰宽越宽,温度变化越平缓。     

离子色谱法测定葡萄酒中的高氯酸盐

建立了离子色谱测定红酒中高氯酸盐的分析方法。以4种葡萄酒为典型样品,测定了其中的高氯酸盐含量。使用Metrosep A Supp5阴离子分析柱（150 mm×4.0 mm）进行分离,柱温为40℃,流动相为1.0 mmol/L碳酸钠水溶液-丙酮（85：15,v/v）,流速为0.8 mL/min。结果表明,高氯酸盐在0.1~10 mg/L内具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9998,方法回收率大于86.0%,相对标准偏差小于2.6%。该方法前处理方便快捷、检测灵敏度高,可满足红酒中高氯酸盐含量的测定。     

当代医学生践行社会主义核心价值观现状及对策研究

社会主义核心价值观理论的提出在医学生中产生了广泛的影响。医学生作为国家未来医疗事业的接班人必须树立正确的价值观,但如今医学生对社会主义核心价值观的学习与践行存在着不同的差异,要充分利用校园这一主要的教育阵地,通过加强教师自身教育、医学生人文教育、医学生诚信教育、开展校园文化活动和加大校园宣传等5个方面进行教育指导,帮助医学生树立正确的价值观。