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141.
C. Kunz B.C.C. Cowie W. Drube T.-L. Lee S. Thiess C. Wild J. Zegenhagen 《Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena》2009
We used hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HAXPES) with 8 keV X-rays to investigate the 1s emission of carbon. We recorded spectra extending from the peak of the C 1s electrons (“elastic” line) to electrons with up to 110 eV energy-loss. Using two samples side by side, we could compare the inelastic mean free paths (IMFPs) of the electrons of almost 8 keV in diamond and graphite and find them to be practically identical despite about 50% difference in densities. Published extrapolations of their IMFP calculations at lower energies are in good agreement with this result. We show that information from the almost structureless region of overlapping multiple extrinsic energy-losses can be used to quantify the fraction of photoelectrons experiencing intrinsic energy-losses (those due to the sudden creation of the hole). We find that this fraction is 58% of the primary excited C 1s electrons for diamond and is practically the same for graphite. This is at first sight an unexpected result since hole-screening should differ in a semimetal from that in an insulator. The observation can be accounted for by dynamic screening in contrast to static screening. 相似文献
142.
The structure and surface composition of a Ni3Sn alloy at conditions relevant for the steam reforming reaction was investigated using density functional theory calculations. Both the flat Ni3Sn(0 0 0 1) surface and a surface with steps in the closed packed direction [1 0 0]were considered. The adsorption geometries and energies of the species CO, C, OH and H were calculated. Chemical potentials were used to map out which adsorbates are on the surface under varying conditions. It was found that adsorbates preferably bind to Ni as nearest neighbor with Sn as second-nearest neighbor. The binding energy is slightly stronger than on pure Ni. Adsorbate binding to Sn was found to be very unfavorable. Binding free energies indicate that at high temperature the alloy surface will be predominantly covered by CO and C, and at low temperatures one may find H and almost no OH. Even though the nominal composition of the investigated alloy is Ni3Sn, the surface composition may differ significantly depending on temperature and pressure of the gas phase. This effect was investigated by calculating segregation energies both in the absence and in the presence of adsorbates. For the flat surface, it was found that only the bulk termination is present under relevant conditions. In contrast, it was found that for steps preferential adsorption of CO and C on Ni sites may lead to adsorption-induced segregation at temperatures below 400 °C. When taking segregation into account, the most stable Ni3Sn surfaces will not bind CO or C at the same condition that Ni does. This is in excellent agreement with the previously proven ability of Ni-Sn alloys to inhibit graphite formation. 相似文献
143.
以硝酸改变氯化镁基体为硝酸镁 ,减轻基体对铬的干扰。选取优化的条件 ,在硝酸镁介质中 ,使用原子吸收光谱法测定铬 ,线性范围 0— 80 ng/ m L,回收率 87.5 %— 10 9.7% ,相对标准偏差小于 10 %。方法简便 ,结果令人满意。 相似文献
144.
涂钼热解石墨管电热原子吸收测定痕量镓的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
比较了不同基体改进剂 ,不同涂层对镓在热解石墨管中原子化的影响。研究了以硝酸镍为基体改进剂 ,以涂钼热解石墨管为原子化器镓的原子化机理 ,优化了各项参数 ,找到了一种测定复杂样品中痕量镓的新方法。方法特征量为 2 1 2× 1 0 -1 1 g ,检出限为 1 4× 1 0 -1 0 g ,RSD≤ 3 6 % (n =1 1 ) ,样品回收率 97 4 %~1 0 2 7%。 相似文献
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This work explores the potential of solid sampling-graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (SS-GFAAS) for the fast and direct determination of Hg in polymers. Eight certified reference materials with different composition (polyethylene-PE-, polystyrene-PS-, poly vinyl chloride-PVC- and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene-ABS-) were selected for the study, covering a wide Hg content range (from 20 to 1100 μg g− 1). 相似文献
149.
Electrothermal atomization of beryllium from graphite and tungsten surfaces was compared with and without the use of various chemical modifiers. Tungsten proved to be the best substrate, giving the more sensitive integrated atomic absorption signals of beryllium. Tungsten platform atomization with zirconium as a chemical modifier was used for the determination of beryllium in several NIST SRM certified reference samples, with good agreement obtained between the results found and the certified values. The precision of the measurements (at 10 μg L−1), the limit of detection (3σ), and the characteristic mass of beryllium were 2.50%, 0.009 μg L−1 and 0.42 pg, respectively. 相似文献
150.
Kirgöz UA Odaci D Timur S Merkoçi A Alegret S Beşün N Telefoncu A 《Analytica chimica acta》2006,570(2):165-169
A gelatin membrane with carboxyl esterase and alcohol oxidase was subsequently integrated onto the surface of a graphite epoxy composite electrode (GECE). The developed biosensors showed linearity in the range of 2.5–400 μM for aspartame and 2.5–25 μM for ethanol with response times of 170 and 70 s for each analyte, respectively. The resulting bienzyme biosensor was used for aspartame detection in diet coke samples and ethanol detection in beer and wine samples. From the obtained results, it can be concluded that the developed biosensor is a selective, practical and economic tool for aspartame and ethanol detection in real samples. 相似文献