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71.
U. Lucia G. Gervino 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2006,50(1-2):367-369
In this paper an analysis of the Stirling cycle in thermoeconomic
terms is developed using the entropy generation. In the thermoeconomic optimization of an
irreversible Stirling heat pump cycle the F function has been
introduced to evaluate the optimum for the higher and lower sources
temperature ratio in the cycle: this ratio represents the value which
optimizes the cycle itself. The variation of the function F is proportional to
the variation of the entropy generation, the maxima and minima of F has been evaluated in
a previous paper without giving the physical foundation of the method. We
investigate the groundwork of this approach: to study the
upper and lower limits of F function allows to determine the cycle stability and the
optimization conditions. The optimization consists in the best COP at
the least cost. The principle
of maximum variation for the entropy generation becomes the analytic
foundation of the optimization method in the thermoeconomic analysis
for an irreversible Stirling heat pump cycle. 相似文献
72.
K.J. Wiese 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》1998,1(3):269-272
The dynamical scaling properties of selfavoiding polymerized membranes with internal dimension D are studied using model A dynamics. It is shown that the theory is renormalizable to all orders in perturbation theory and
that the dynamical scaling exponent z is given by . This result applies especially to membranes (D=2) but also to polymers (D=1).
Received: 5 September 1997 / Accepted: 17 November 1997 相似文献
73.
Due to different oriented diamond films having different properties, in this paper optical and electrical properties of different oriented diamond films have been investigated. The measured results indicate diamond films are of high quality and the properties of the (0 0 1)-oriented diamond film are better than those of the (1 1 1)-oriented one. Refractive index and extinction coefficient of (0 0 1)-oriented diamond film in the wavelength range of 2.5-12.5 μm is 2.391 and in the order of 10−5, respectively. And for the (1 1 1)-oriented one it is 2.375 and in the order of 10−4. The dark current of the (0 0 1)-oriented diamond film is 33.7 nA under an applied electric field of 100 kV/cm. The resistivity of the (0 0 1)-oriented diamond film obtained is about 2.33 × 1010 Ω cm. The current of (0 0 1)-oriented diamond film is almost no change with the time testing. 相似文献
74.
T. Kaizoji 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2006,50(1-2):123-127
In this paper, we quantitatively investigate the properties of a statistical ensemble of stock prices. We focus attention
on the relative price defined as X(t) = S(t)/S(0), where S(0), is the stock price for an onset time of the bubble. We selected
approximately 3200 stocks traded on the Japanese Stock Exchange, and formed a statistical ensemble of daily relative prices
for each trading day in the 3-year period from January 4, 1999 to December 28, 2001, corresponding to the period in which
internet Bubble formed and crashed in the Japanese stock market.
We found that the upper tail of the complementary cumulative distribution function of the ensemble of the relative prices
in the high value of the price is well described by a power-law distribution, P(S>x) ∼x-α , with an exponent that moves over time. Furthermore we found that as the power-law exponents α approached two, the bubble burst. It is reasonable to suppose that it indicates that internet bubble is about to burst. 相似文献
75.
We have demonstrated the synthesis of one-dimensional (1D) structures of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) by a reaction of a trimethylbismuth (TMBi) and oxygen (O2) mixture at 450 °C. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the product consisted of 1D materials with width or diameters less than 1 μm and lengths up to several tens of micrometers. The X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy revealed that the materials contained elements of Bi and O. The results of X-ray diffraction and selected area electron diffraction pattern indicated that the obtained Bi2O3 were crystalline with monoclinic structure. 相似文献
76.
Chang Woo Lee Choochon Lee Yong Tae Kim 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1993,56(2):123-126
Effects of multi-step rapid thermal annealing of plasma-deposited amorphous silicon films on Corning 7059 glass are investigated. A three-step rapid thermal annealing for 10 s/step at 730° C after film deposition reduces the activation energy of electrical conductivity for silicon films from 0.64 to 0.51 eV and causes (111) grain growth with a size of 1500 Å, which is determined using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometry. 相似文献
77.
Measuring efficiency and productivity in professional football teams: evidence from the English Premier League 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Professional football clubs are unusual businesses, their performance judged on and off the field of play. This study is concerned
with measuring the efficiency of clubs in the English Premier League. Information from clubs’ financial statements is used
as a measure of corporate performance. To measure changes in efficiency and productivity the Malmquist non-parametric technique
has been used. This is derived from the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) linear programming approach, with Canonical Correlation
Analysis (CCA) being used to ensure the cohesion of the input–output variables. The study concludes that while clubs operate
close to efficient levels for the assessed models, there is limited technological advance in their performance in terms of
the displacement of the technological frontier.
The research was supported by the Investigation Program of the Technical University of Cartagena (Spain) and by the Department
of Sports Studies at the University of Stirling (Scotland, UK). 相似文献
78.
The dynamical process in the superheavy nucleus synthesis is studied on the basis of the two-dimensional Smoluchowski equation. Special attention is paid to the isotope dependence of the cross section for the superheavy nucleus formation by means of making a comparison among the reaction systems of ^54Re+204pb, ^56Re +206Pb, and ^58Fe+^208Pb. It is found by this comparison that the formation cross section is very sensitive to the conditional saddle-point height and the neutron separation energy of the compound nucleus. Reaction systems with lower height of conditional saddle-point and smaller neutron separation energy are more favourable for the synthesis of the superheavy nucleus. 相似文献
79.
L. Sun Y. -F. Chen T. Yu N. -B. Ming D. -S. Ding Z. -H. Lug 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》1996,63(4):381-384
(001) textured PbTiO3 thin films have been deposited on (001) redopingn-Si substrates by metalorgnic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) under reduced pressure, and the film ferroelectricity has been measured using the substrate as bottom electrode directly. Besides this investigation, a set of analysis including AFM surface morphology, SEM cross section morphology, electron-probe element analysis, XRD 0-20 scan and high temperature X-ray diffraction have been carried out to study the microstructure and phase transition process of the PbTiO3 thin film. 相似文献
80.
Geometric Programming is extended to include convex quadratic functions. Generalized Geometric Programming is applied to this
class of programs to obtain a convex dual program. Machining economics problems fall into this class. Such problems are studied
by applying this duality to a nested set of three problems. One problem is zero degree of difficulty and the solution is obtained
by solving a simple system of equations. The inclusion of a constraint restricting the force on the tool to be less than or
equal to the breaking force provides a more realistic solution. This model is solved as a program with one degree of difficulty.
Finally the behavior of the machining cost per part is studied parametrically as a function of axial depth.
This research was supported by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research Grant AFOSR-83-0234 相似文献