基于小波核偏最小二乘回归方法的混沌系统建模研究

基于核学习的强大非线性映射能力,结合用于回归建模的线性偏最小二乘(PLS)算法,提出一种小波核偏最小二乘(WKPLS)回归方法. 该方法基于支持向量机使用的经典核函数技巧,将输入映射到高维非线性的特征空间,在特征空间中,构造线性的PLS回归模型. PLS方法利用输入与输出变量之间的协方差信息提取潜在特征,而可允许的小波核函数具有近似正交以及适用于信号局部分析的特性. 因此,结合它们优点的WKPLS方法显示了更好的非线性建模性能. 将WKPLS方法应用在非线性混沌动力系统建模上,并与基于高斯核的核偏最小二乘 关键词： 小波核 偏最小二乘回归 混沌系统 建模     

基于人工神经网络的淫羊藿红外光谱的研究

对于不同产地和不同栽培条件的药材, 其药效的不同是由于其所含化学成分和各成分含量的比例不同所造成的, 这种差异将造成红外图谱的差异。但这些差异非常细微,单纯地从谱图去区分其特征是非常困难的。文章利用傅里叶变换红外光谱,测定了42种来自吉林3个不同产地的淫羊藿样品的红外光谱,并对光谱数据进行了相应的预处理。为了提高神经网络的训练速度,在利用人工神经网络建立模型之前,通过小波变换的方法对光谱变量进行了压缩。同时对建立的模型的相关参数进行了详细的讨论。实验表明,建立的模型能够正确地对42个淫羊藿样品进行产地鉴别,同时避免了传统光谱分析对药材的分离和提取,从而为中药质量的科学控制和现代化管理提供了可靠的依据。     

轴对称流场干涉条纹折射率的模拟计算

提出一种获取流场干涉条纹折射率分布的新方法。该方法首先采用不等间隔的环带分割轴对称流场,使折射率变化大的地方获得的数据点密,然后通过对Abel变换进行离散数值计算来获取流场的折射率分布。通过模拟轴对称流场的实时全息干涉条纹证明了该方法不仅简单易行,而且所获取的折射率分布精度高。     

基于Gabor小波纹理特征的目标识别新方法

给出了一种基于Gabor小波纹理特征的目标识别新方法．主要是利用Gabor小波设计了一种多通道小波滤波器。对图像目标直接进行小波变换，用Gabor小波变换系数的模的平均值和其标准方差来表示抽取的图像目标的特征，把获得的小波特征归一化后输入到改进的BP神经网络分类器进行分类识别．最后。进行了一系列的仿真实验，结果表明，这种特征提取方法能有效提取图像目标纹理特征，并且对噪音和形状的变化具有鲁棒性．在应用于目标识别时，神经网络的训练时间减少到lOmin，识别率达到94％．     

基于Bandelets变换的红外图像去噪

提出了一种基于Bandelets变换的红外图像模糊阈值去噪方法,该方法结合了Bandelets变换和模糊阈值在去噪方面的优点.对红外图像进行Bandelets变换的同时,对系数进行模糊阈值处理,实现了图像去噪;同时针对图像去噪问题提出了Bandelets变换中压缩率阈值的选取方法.结果表明,与正交小波硬阈值去噪方法相比,该方法具有良好的去噪性能,并且在去除红外图像噪音的同时,能够获得很好的边缘保持效果.     

Sub‐ and Supramolecular X‐Ray Characterization of Engineered Tissues from Equine Tendon,Bovine Dermis,and Fish Skin Type‐I Collagen

Collagen represents one of the most widely used biomaterial for scaffolds fabrication in tissue engineering as it represents the mechanical support of natural tissues. It also provides physical scaffolding for cells and it influences their attachment, growth, and tissue regeneration. Among all fibrillary collagens, type I is considered one of the gold standard for scaffolds fabrication, thanks to its high biocompatibility, biodegradability, and hemostatic properties. It can be extracted by chemical and enzymatic protocols from several collagen‐rich tissues, such as tendon and skin, of different animal species. Both the extraction processes and the manufacturing protocols for scaffolds fabrication provide structural and mechanical changes that can be tuned in order to deeply impact the properties of the final biomaterial. The aim of this review is to discuss the role of X‐rays to study structural changes of type I collagen from fresh collagen‐rich tissues (bovine, equine, fish) to the final scaffolds, with the aim to screen across available collagen sources and scaffolds fabrication protocols to be used in tissue regeneration.     

The Application of Fractal Transform and Entropy for Improving Fault Tolerance and Load Balancing in Grid Computing Environments

This paper applies the entropy-based fractal indexing scheme that enables the grid environment for fast indexing and querying. It addresses the issue of fault tolerance and load balancing-based fractal management to make computational grids more effective and reliable. A fractal dimension of a cloud of points gives an estimate of the intrinsic dimensionality of the data in that space. The main drawback of this technique is the long computing time. The main contribution of the suggested work is to investigate the effect of fractal transform by adding R-tree index structure-based entropy to existing grid computing models to obtain a balanced infrastructure with minimal fault. In this regard, the presented work is going to extend the commonly scheduling algorithms that are built based on the physical grid structure to a reduced logical network. The objective of this logical network is to reduce the searching in the grid paths according to arrival time rate and path’s bandwidth with respect to load balance and fault tolerance, respectively. Furthermore, an optimization searching technique is utilized to enhance the grid performance by investigating the optimum number of nodes extracted from the logical grid. The experimental results indicated that the proposed model has better execution time, throughput, makespan, latency, load balancing, and success rate.     

黑米花色苷酰化修饰红外光谱分析

黑米花色苷易受外部环境影响发生降解致使局部分子结构破坏而使营养价值和保健功能有所下降。利用有机酸提供酰基对黑米花色苷进行修饰来提高花色苷结构的稳定性。利用红外光谱分析经咖啡酸酰化修饰黑米花色苷的结构变化。结果表明：黑米花色苷酰化修饰前后于官能团区3 650~3 200和1 680~1 620 cm-1处均有吸收峰,且其于指纹区1 282.68和1 277.51 cm-1处出现酚羟基吸收峰,于1 056.07和1 054.03 cm-1处出现醇羟基吸收峰,719.90和719.71 cm-1处出现苯环上C-H面外弯曲振动吸收峰。由此可见,黑米花色苷酰化修饰后主要结构框架仍为花色苷的芳环结构。此外,黑米花色苷酰化修饰前后于1 900~1 650 cm-1间1 714.28和1 728.13 cm-1处均出现共轭羰基的特征吸收峰,对应于可直接连接在苯环上的α-羰基结构,由此说明黑米花色苷结构中存在着酰基基团。黑米花色苷经酰化修饰后红外图谱于1 517.20 cm-1处出现新吸收峰,其正好处于1 800~900 cm-1双键(不含氢)伸缩振动区,指纹区876.65 cm-1处亦出现了苯环上的C-H面外弯曲振动吸收峰。与之相呼应在经二阶导数处理后红外光谱图中在2 500～2 000 cm-1间出现了新的波动,此波段为累积双键伸缩振动区,而官能团区3 650~3 200 cm-1间3 370.20 cm-1处的吸收峰正好处于多分子缔合区。由此可见,在咖啡酸作为酰基供体,酰化修饰黑米花色苷时由于分子间的重新缔合于结构中引入了新的酰基基团而呈现出一种双酰化的空间结构。黑米花色苷酰化结构中有机酸与糖链相连,将有机酸置于2-苯基苯并吡喃骨架的表面,这种堆积作用模式可以较好地抵抗水的亲核攻击和其他降解反应进而提高黑米花色苷结构的稳定性。