Continuous medium theory for nonequilibrium solvation: III. Solvation shift by monopole approximation and multipole expansion in spherical cavity

According to the classical electrodynamics, a new and reasonable method about electrostatic energy decomposition of the solute-solvent system has been proposed in this work by introducing the concept of spring energy. This decomposition in equilibrium solvation gives the clear comprehension for different parts of total electrostatic free energy. Logically extending this cognition to nonequilibrium leads to the new formula of electrostatic free energy of nonequilibrium state. Furthermore, the general solvation shift for light absorption/emission has been reformulated and applied to the ideal sphere case with the monopole approximation and multipole expansion. Solvation shifts in vertical ionizations of atomic ions of some series of main group elements have been investigated with monopole approximation, and the variation tendency of the solvation shift versus atomic number has been discussed. Moreover, the solvation shift in photoionization of nitrate anion in glycol has been investigated by the multipole expansion method.     

Absorption cross section of black holes with global monopole

We study the absorption problem for a massless scalar field propagating in general static spherically-symmetric black holes with a global monopole. The absorption cross section expression is provided using a partial-wave method, which permits us to make an elegant and powerful resummation of the absorption cross section, and to extract the physical information encoded in the sum over the partial-wave contributions.     

稀土区正常变形奇核–偶核全同带的物理机制

用处理对力的粒子数守恒方法分析了稀土区正常变形奇核–偶核全同带的物理机制.这些全同带的奇粒子均处于推转的低j高ΩNilsson轨道.相反,建立在高j闯入轨道上的奇A核转动带的转动惯量,无例外都比相邻偶核基态带的转动惯量大得多.观测到的转动惯量随角频率的变化(带交叉前)可以在粒子数守恒的计算中很好地重现.计算中无自由参数.单极对力强度与Y₂₀四极对力强度由结合能奇偶差与带首转动惯量奇偶差确定.     

超变形核中四极对力形式的探讨

用粒子数守恒方法分析了对力对于超变形(SD)带的转动惯量随角动量(角频率)变化的规律.计算中如包含了单极对力和Y₂₀四极对力,晕SD带¹⁹⁴Hg(1)和¹⁹²Hg(1)的转动惯量在观测的全部角动量范围中的变化规律,都可得到极好的重现,特别是ω≥0.40MeV时,¹⁹⁴Hg(1)的J⁽²⁾下弯和¹⁹²Hg(1)J⁽²⁾的变平.而考虑Y_2±1和Y_2±2四极对力的计算结果,都与实验不符.粒子数守恒计算中极清楚地展现了J⁽²⁾随ω变化的微观机制(可分别给出各大壳、各推转Nilsson能级上的粒子填布几率和对J⁽²⁾的贡献).J⁽²⁾随ω变化是粒子壳效应(变形场中单粒子运动)、对关联、Pauli堵塞效应以及Chriolis(反配对)作用相互竞争的结果.     

整体单极子黑洞引力场中的加速效应

给出了含有整体单极子的黑洞的引力场中试验粒子加速度的表达式, 讨论了整体单极子对加速效应的贡献. 结果表明, 由于整体单极子的存在, 产生了斥力效应; 当速度趋近于光速时, 中性粒子在引力场中受到了斥力作用. 这是牛顿力学中所没有的.     

采用便携式天线的近海海洋表面流探测

针对高频地波雷达天线阵通常十分庞大的问题，根据海洋回波理论，利用单个到达角海洋回波进行雷达通道幅度相位的自校准，应用适合便携式天线系统的信源估计方法，采用MUSIC(MUltiple Slgnal C1assification)算法反演海流信息，研究了交叉环／单极子天线在高频地波雷达近海海洋表面流探测中的应用，将探测结果与采用相控阵接收的高频地波雷达OSMAR2000的探测结果进行对比，径向流速平均偏差为1．3cm／s,说明近海海洋表面流探测采用便携式的小天线可取得与传统相控阵相同的效果.     

The Spacetime Algebra Approach to Massive Classical Electrodynamics with Magnetic Monopoles

Maxwell’s equations with massive photons and magnetic monopoles are formulated using spacetime algebra. It is demonstrated that a single nonhomogeneous multi-vectorial equation describes the theory. Two limiting cases are considered and their symmetries highlighted: massless photons with magnetic monopoles and finite photon mass in the absence of monopoles. Finally, it is shown that the EM-duality invariance is a symmetry of the Hamiltonian density (for Minkowskian spacetime) and Lagrangian density (for Euclidean 4-space) that reflects the signature of the respective metric manifold.     

一种机载通信天线设计与实现

针对某型飞机研制要求,设计了一种基于四分之一波长平面单极子的机载通信天线,重点阐述了天线辐射体设计、匹配网络设计和闪电防护设计等内容。通过地面测试和装机试飞验证,表明了该机载通信天线性能良好,完全能够取代现役英国37R-2型通信天线。     

Half-monopole in the Weinberg–Salam model

We present new axially symmetric half-monopole configuration of the SU(2)×U(1) Weinberg–Salam model of electromagnetic and weak interactions. The half-monopole configuration possesses net magnetic charge 2π/e$2\pi /e$ which is half the magnetic charge of a Cho–Maison monopole. The electromagnetic gauge potential is singular along the negative z$z$-axis. However the total energy is finite and increases only logarithmically with increasing Higgs field self-coupling constant λ^1/2${\lambda }^{1/2}$ at sin²θ_W=0.2312${sin}^2{\theta }_W=0.2312$. In the U(1) magnetic field, the half-monopole is just a one dimensional finite length line magnetic charge extending from the origin r=0$r=0$ and lying along the negative z$z$-axis. In the SU(2) ’t Hooft magnetic field, it is a point magnetic charge located at r=0$r=0$. The half-monopole possesses magnetic dipole moment that decreases exponentially fast with increasing Higgs field self-coupling constant λ^1/2${\lambda }^{1/2}$ at sin²θ_W=0.2312${sin}^2{\theta }_W=0.2312$.