鲜蒜嫩鳞被中半胱氨酸肽的制备及其对豆类铁锌生物利用率的影响

离子交换层析结合制备液相方法从鲜蒜嫩鳞被中制备2种半胱氨酸肽(γ-GCPs):(SC2RC7)-γ-L-谷氨酰-S-烯丙基-L-半胱氨酸(1)和(SC2RC7)-γ-L-谷氨酰-S-丙基-L-半胱氨酸(2)。产物结构经HPLC-MS,CD和1H NMR,13C NMR分析并与标准品比对确定。利用体外模拟胃、肠消化实验检测其对豆类铁锌生物利用率的影响。结果表明,5 g豆粉中添加0.01 mmol的化合物1和化合物2分别使黄豆铁生物利用率从1.88%提高到6.73%和4.42%,绿豆铁生物利用率从2.52%提高到12.04%和9.38%;使黄豆锌生物利用率从13.37%提高到23.95%和20.58%,绿豆锌生物利用率从15.98%提高到28.44%和27.05%。     

Gas permeabilities of polyurethane films for fresh produce packaging: Response of O2 permeability to temperature and relative humidity

Thermoplastic shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) polymers were synthesized, cast to films, and their gas barrier properties were characterized. In addition, performance of an optical method was assessed by measuring oxygen permeability (P_O2) of the films. P_O2 of the SMPU film was at least two times higher than that of low density polyethylene (LDPE and increased at higher relative humidity. Permselectivity (P_CO2/P_O2) of the SMPU film was 15, which is approximately three times higher than for LDPE. The film absorbed circa 18% water vapor at 98% relative humidity. The optical method agreed very well (maximum 20% deviation) with a standard carrier gas method in P_O2 measurement. Overall our results show that SMPU is an attractive polymer for fresh produce packaging.     

微波消解-ICP-AES测定保鲜水果中硫含量

用硝酸-过氧化氢(4+2)混合溶液作为消解剂,微波消解法处理保鲜水果样品,采用电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定所得样品溶液中硫的含量,选择182.0nm为测定硫的分析线,硫的检出限(3Sd)为0.065mg·L-1,样品测定的相对标准偏差(n=8)为1.90%用本法测定两个国家标准物质茶叶(GBW...     

干工况风机盘管加冰蓄冷新风系统空调过程研究

采用冰蓄冷装置作为新风系统处理机组 ( AHU )的冷源 ,结合设计实例 ,提出了干工况风机盘管加冰蓄冷新风系统空调设计方案 ,并就冰蓄冷新风系统 ( AHU )及风机盘管末端 ( FCU )的选择作一些探讨。     

An optimum design method for robotic tracked-vehicles operating over fresh concrete during straight-line motion

This paper addresses the general problem of the design of tracked base travel systems for special purpose vehicles and/or robotic machines that may be required to move over weak surfaces or over a lightly bonded terrain composed of fresh concrete. For the special case of a vehicle travelling on a very soft fresh concrete during construction, the paper presents detailed comparative studies of the tractive performance of several tracked vehicles with alternative slump values and mean contact pressure configurations. To complete these studies a detailed simulation-analytical method was used. From this, it was established that the simulation analysis method is useful for predicting land locomotion performance of specially designed small tracked vehicles running over fresh concrete of different consistencies during driving and braking action. This work was done for straight-line motion. Some possibilities for the real-time optimum control method of the tractive and braking performance of automated and robotic vehicles are also outlined.     

乙二胺改善硅胶柱高效液相色谱法分离和测定糖

本文研究了用乙二胺作为硅胶柱改善剂的高效液相色谱法，对操作条件进行了探讨。采用示差折光检测器检测，含０．０１％乙二胺的乙腈－水（７２：２８，Ｖ／Ｖ）作流动相，在硅胶柱上成功地分离了果糖，葡萄糖，蔗糖，麦芽糖，乳糖和棉三糖。定量地分析了几种鲜桃汁中糖的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定我国北方红枣中环磷酸腺苷的含量

采用高效液相色谱（HPLC）法准确测定环磷酸腺苷（cAMP）含量,并对我国北方红枣中的cAMP含量进行测定.以Hibar ODS-C18（250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm）为色谱柱,流动相为甲醇:2%醋酸（体积比为5:95）,流速0.5 mL/min,检测器为Waters 996,检测温度为25℃,检测波长为254 nm.标准曲线在0.1~1.0 mg/mL范围内线性良好,加标回收率为102.1%,相对标准误差为0.63%.同时,采用的条件能将红枣中cAMP与其他成分的峰完全分离,发现不同产地的红枣中cAMP含量不同,新疆地区所产红枣的质量分数最高,能达到372 μg/g.方法可准确测定我国北方红枣中环磷酸腺苷的含量,灵敏度高,可为红枣中cAMP的提取和高值化利用提供重要的技术依据.     

低温液液萃取/超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速测定鲜枣中氟虫腈及代谢物

采用低温液液萃取技术,对鲜枣中的氟虫腈及其代谢物残留进行提取和净化,并利用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）进行定性和定量分析。鲜枣样品以乙腈作为提取溶剂,-25℃低温液液萃取后,直接进样分析,采用负离子多反应监测（MRM）模式,外标法定量。结果表明,在优化条件下,氟虫腈及其代谢物在0.02~10μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数（r2）大于0.999,检出限为0.005~0.02μg/kg,在不同加标浓度下的平均回收率为78.5%~95.8%,相对标准偏差（RSD）为3.4%~6.9%。该方法快速、简便、灵敏,适用于鲜枣中氟虫腈及其代谢物的快速测定。     

小波分析的茶鲜叶全氮含量高光谱监测

茶是世界上最受欢迎的饮料之一,而氮素（N）是影响茶叶品质的主要成分之一,因此快速准确地估算N素含量至关重要。由于测定N含量的化学方法繁琐耗时,利用高光谱对茶鲜叶中N含量进行预测,利用连续小波转换（CWT）提取的小波系数,探究CWT不同分解层数对于N素含量的估测能力,并讨论了不同波长选择算法所建模型的预测效果。首先,采集广东省英德市茶园的151个茶鲜叶样品高光谱数据,将获得的原始光谱通过卷积平滑（SG）、去趋势（Detrending）、一阶导数（1st）、多元散射校正（MSC）和标准正态变量变换（SNV）五种预处理方法进行预处理并作为参考。其次,采用连续小波对原始光谱进行初步处理生成多尺度小波系数,并进行相关性分析, 分别利用连续投影算法（SPA）、竞争性自适应加权采样法（CARS）和变量组合集群分析（VCPA）方法进一步优化CWT变换后光谱数据的变量空间,最后,以特征变量为输入使用PLSR建立了N素定量监测模型,并对比不同尺度不同方法估算N素的效果。结果表明,连续小波分析方法可有效提升茶鲜叶光谱对N素含量的估测能力,明显优于常规光谱处理方法。经连续小波分解后,对茶鲜叶N素的预测能力随分解尺度的增加整体呈逐步降低的趋势,其中在1~6尺度连续小波变换后的光谱与茶鲜叶N素存在良好的相关性,表明小尺度的连续小波分解可有效应用于茶鲜叶N含量的监测。基于CWT（1）-VCPA方法建立的模型精度最高,且变量数相比于全波段减少了99.34%,其建模与预测R2达到0.95和0.90,相比于传统光谱处理方法,精度提升了11% ,证明CWT-VCPA可以有效降低光谱维度并大幅提升模型精度。实现了茶叶N素含量的高效量化预测,为评估茶叶的其他成分提供了可靠技术参考。