Refined Composite Multi-Scale Reverse Weighted Permutation Entropy and Its Applications in Ship-Radiated Noise

Ship-radiated noise is one of the important signal types under the complex ocean background, which can well reflect physical properties of ships. As one of the valid measures to characterize the complexity of ship-radiated noise, permutation entropy (PE) has the advantages of high efficiency and simple calculation. However, PE has the problems of missing amplitude information and single scale. To address the two drawbacks, refined composite multi-scale reverse weighted PE (RCMRWPE), as a novel measurement technology of describing the signal complexity, is put forward based on refined composite multi-scale processing (RCMP) and reverse weighted PE (RWPE). RCMP is an improved method of coarse-graining, which not only solves the problem of single scale, but also improves the stability of traditional coarse-graining; RWPE has been proposed more recently, and has better inter-class separability and robustness performance to noise than PE, weighted PE (WPE), and reverse PE (RPE). Additionally, a feature extraction scheme of ship-radiated noise is proposed based on RCMRWPE, furthermore, RCMRWPE is combined with discriminant analysis classifier (DAC) to form a new classification method. After that, a large number of comparative experiments of feature extraction schemes and classification methods with two artificial random signals and six ship-radiated noise are carried out, which show that the proposed feature extraction scheme has better performance in distinguishing ability and stability than the other three similar feature extraction schemes based on multi-scale PE (MPE), multi-scale WPE (MWPE), and multi-scale RPE (MRPE), and the proposed classification method also has the highest recognition rate.     

Frequency tunable single-line pulsed first-overtone carbon monoxide laser

Tunable single-line first-overtone (FO) CO lasing on wavelengths from 2.7 up to 4.2 μm corresponding to overtone vibrational transitions from 13→11 up to 38→36 on 413 ro-vibrational lines was experimentally obtained. A parametric study of energetic and spectral characteristics of the single-line FO CO laser was carried out. Energy distribution over ro-vibrational lines was measured. The maximum specific output energy (SOE) came up to 3 J/l Amagat, with single-line output efficiency being up to 0.6%. For the first time, a multi-quantum theoretical model was used to describe the tunable single-line FO CO laser. This multi-quantum approach demonstrated better agreement between theoretical calculations and observed experimental data for laser output as a function of vibrational quantum numbers.     

使用频移反馈激光系统测量光学频率差

本文提出使用频移反馈激光系统测量光学频率差的新方法。实验测得一个Nd:YLF激光器输出的两个纵模的频率差为3.733440GHz,其精度为±5kHz.     

An ensemble template algorithm for extracting targets from blurred infrared images

In this paper, an ensemble template algorithm is proposed to extract targets from blurred infrared images. First, the image pixels are divided according to their gray values into three pixel sets, a target set, a background set and the third set without class label. Second, the neighborhood statistical characteristics for each pixel are calculated as its template features. Third, ensemble detectors are designed using target pixels and background pixels based on their template features, and these ensemble detectors are used to detect the third pixel set. To evaluate the performance of the proposed extraction algorithm, this paper compares the ensemble template with other extraction algorithms using blurred infrared image of hand trace. Experimental results show that the ensemble template algorithm proposed in this paper exhibits better extraction performance.     

Delay self-heterodyne measurement of narrow linewidth laser frequency drift characteristic

Resonator integrated optic gyro (RIOG), which employs narrow linewidth laser, is a high-accuracy inertial rotation sensor based on the Sagnac effect. The performance of RIOG is greatly affected by the frequency drift of narrow linewidth laser. A simple, effective method to measure the relative frequency drift of narrow linewidth laser based on delayed self-heterodyne technique is proposed in this paper. The measurement range and sensitivity can easily be satisfied by setting the length difference of the fiber segments between two interferometer arms. The relationship between the length difference and the frequency drift is derived based on the given principle of measuring the relative frequency drift. Then the laser frequency drift measuring setup is established and the experiment results demonstrate that a center frequency drift rate is less than 2 MHz/6.7 s under the room-temperature. Moreover, the measuring setup is applied to test the modulation coefficient of piezoelectric-transducer (PZT), and the modulation coefficient of 9.62 MHz/V is obtained, which satisfies the requirements of RIOG closed-loop operation.     

阻尼最小二乘法用于激光诱导击穿光谱重叠特征谱线分离提取

近年来,激光诱导击穿广谱技术发展迅速。作为一种用于物质成分探测的新技术,它具有简单、快速、无需复杂样品制备、多种元素同时检测等优点,可实现待测样品物质成分现场、在线的检测,在很多领域都极具应用前景。激光诱导击穿光谱特征谱线的分离拟合提取是光谱特征识别与后续元素浓度定量反演研究的基础。为实现激光诱导击穿光谱重叠特征谱线的有效分离拟合提取,采用阻尼最小二乘法,分析并确定了迭代前的初始拟合参数值,实现了在重叠特征谱线情况下对某火力发电厂粉煤灰中的铬元素特征谱线的分离提取。阻尼最小二乘法基于高斯-牛顿迭代,在迭代步长中引入阻尼因子,在迭代的过程中根据每一步迭代后所反馈的信息动态的调整迭代步长,从而有效防止了迭代的发散,保证了迭代的快速收敛,最终使得元素特征谱线拟合提取的效果更佳、所得到的特征谱线强度值更准确。分别采用阻尼最小二乘法和最小二乘法对不同浓度的样品中铬元素特征谱线进行分离拟合提取并给出特征谱线的强度值,作出特征谱线强度值关于元素浓度的定标曲线并对比两种方法所得结果的线性相关性。结果表明,阻尼最小二乘法所得结果的线性相关性更高,该方法稳定、可靠,适用于激光诱导击穿光谱重叠特征谱线的分离拟合提取。     

Adaptive RAKE receiver in chaos based pilot-added DS-CDMA system

This paper presents the theoretical analysis of adaptive multiuser RAKE receiver scheme in frequency selective fading channel for direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) system. Least mean square (LMS) algorithm is used to estimate the channel coefficients. Chaotic sequences are used as spreading sequence and corresponding bit error rate (BER) in closed form is derived for imperfect channel estimation conditions. Performances of chaotic sequences are compared with pseudorandom noise (PN) sequences. Under perfect synchronization assumption, various simulation results are shown to investigate the performance of the proposed system.     

基于优选NIR光谱波数的绿豆产地无损检测方法

产地是影响农作物生产的重要环境因素,产地溯源对于食品安全具有重要意义.针对传统农产品产地检测一般采用化学分析法,其操作繁琐且存在破坏性和耗时较长等不足的问题,以北方寒地绿豆为研究对象,分别在白城、杜蒙、泰来等优质绿豆主产区,获取绿豆的籽粒和粉末两种状态的近红外光谱数据(NIR),利用优选NIR光谱特征波数,建立了绿豆产...     

三维荧光光谱结合稀疏主成分分析和支持向量机的油类识别方法研究

石油污染的出现,导致生态环境遭到破坏。因此,油类识别方法的研究对于环境的保护具有重要意义。采用荧光光谱法获得石油光谱数据,并对其进行预处理,再通过降维方法来提取特征信息,最后利用模式识别算法进行分类,从而可以实现对油类的定性分析,因此研究一种更高效的数据降维方法以及识别分类算法极其重要。基于三维荧光光谱技术,利用稀疏主成分分析（SPCA）对FS920光谱仪测得的荧光光谱数据进行特征提取,再利用支持向量机（SVM）算法对提取的特征数据进行分类识别,获得了一种更加高效的油类识别方法。首先,利用海水和十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）配制成浓度为0.1 mol·L-1的胶束溶液,将其作为溶剂配制柴油、航空煤油、汽油以及润滑油各20种不同浓度的溶液;然后,利用FS920光谱仪测得样本溶液的三维荧光光谱数据,对得到的光谱数据进行预处理;最后,对预处理后的数据分别利用SPCA和主成分分析（PCA）进行特征提取,再利用SVM和K最近邻（KNN）两种模式识别算法对特征向量进行分类,最终得到四种模型PCA-KNN,SPCA-KNN,PCA-SVM以及SPCA-SVM的分类结果。研究结果表明,由四种模型得到的分类准确率分别为85%,90%,90%和95%,其中,在同种分类算法中,利用SPCA进行特征提取得到的分类准确率均比PCA的准确率高5%,因此可知,SPCA的稀疏性具有突出主要成分的作用,在提取光谱特征时能够减小非必要成分的影响,并且载荷矩阵的稀疏化可以去除变量之间的冗余信息,优化降维特征信息,为后续分类提供更有效的数据特征信息;在同种特征提取算法下,利用SVM算法进行分类得到的分类准确率均比KNN算法得到的准确率高5%,表明SVM算法在分类中更具有优势。因此,本文利用三维荧光光谱技术结合SPCA和SVM算法,实现了对石油的准确识别与分类,为今后对石油污染物的高效检测提供了新思路。     

基于彩色结构光的自由曲面三维重建方法

彩色结构光三维重建过程中,系统的非线性耦合以及待测曲面的拓扑结构等均会对结构光解码产生影响,从而导致调制条纹漏检和颜色码误识别.为解决这一问题,提出一种基于彩色编码结构光的三维重建方法.利用YUV颜色通道对调制条纹进行滤波差分投影处理,通过调制条纹的波形分布提取中心特征线;利用颜色聚类方法精确获取调制条纹的颜色码信息值...