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991.
Main features inherent in simplified approach to residual stresses determination in cylindrical shells and tubes, external diameter of which is not less than 60 mm, by combing the hole-drilling method and reflection hologram interferometry are discussed in detail. Initial experimental information in a form of hole diameter increments in principal stress directions is derived from high-quality reflection holograms recorded near cylindrical objects of intermediate curvature value. Converting measured parameters into required stress values is based on the transition model that corresponds to plane stress conditions of pure membrane type. The technique developed is capable of determining residual stress component values within 5% accuracy in an absence of stress gradients over the probe hole diameter when a type of residual stress field corresponds to the transition model adopted. The accuracy analysis involved is based on matrix formulation of conventionally direct problem and an assumption on a pure membrane character of residual stress field under study for thin-walled shell. Required error estimations in a case of inspecting thick-walled cylindrical tube are obtained by combining the above-mentioned approach and an analogy of reconstructed fringe patterns with actual and artificial interferograms, which follow from drilling blind hole of the same geometrical parameters in thick-walled plates. Experimental verification of the developed approach is founded upon a determination of actual stresses in thin-walled cylindrical shell and obtaining residual stress distributions at the proximity of welded joint in thick-walled cylindrical tube. 相似文献
992.
Sudip K. De Manish Bhattacharjee 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2011,49(18):3920-3927
An early transition metal metallocene compound, Cp2ZrCl2, with an anionic surfactant, sodium n‐dodecyl sulfate (SDS) as emulsifier and NaBPh4 as cocatalyst has been found to be an effective catalytic system for polymerization and copolymerization of monomers like styrene and methyl methacrylate in aqueous medium. The diameters of the latex particles were found to be in between 20 and 40 nm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011 相似文献
993.
Yuepeng Xing Yiwang Chen Xiaohui He 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2011,49(20):4425-4432
Copolymerization of norbornene (NB) with methoxycarbonylnorbornene (NB‐COOCH3) was carried out with catalytic system of Ni{CF3C(O)CHC[N(naphthyl)]CH3}2 and B(C6F5)3 in toluene. The catalytic system exhibited higher activity 2.69 × 105 (gpolymer/mol Ni h) for copolymerization of norbornene and methoxycarbonylnorbornene. The influence results of the comonomer feed content on the polymerization showed that the NB‐COOCH3 has a very high insertion ratio in all copolymers, and the NB‐COOCH3 content in copolymers can be controlled to be 7.9–77.6 mol % at content of 10–90 mol % of the NB‐COOCH3 in the monomer feeds ratios. The reactivity ratios, rNB‐COOCH3 = 0.578 and rNB = 0.859, were determined by the Kelen–TÜdÕs method. Copolymers were processed by solution casting method, dry/wet phase inversion technique, and electrospinning. The films prepared by solution casting method showed good transparency in the visible region. The membranes processed by dry/wet phase inversion technique were microporous structures. The fibers diameters fabricated by electrospinning were about 3 μm. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011 相似文献
994.
Ryan M. Weiss Evan M. Jones David E. Shafer Ryan M. Stayshich Tara Y. Meyer 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2011,49(8):1847-1855
Repeating sequence copolymers of poly(lactic‐co‐caprolactic acid) (PLCA), poly(glycolic‐co‐caprolactic acid) (PGCA), and poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic‐co‐caprolactic acid) (PLGCA) have been synthesized by polymerizing segmers with a known sequence in yields of 50–85% with Mns ranging from 18–49 kDa. The copolymers exhibited well‐resolved NMR resonances indicating that the sequence encoded in the segmers used in their preparation is retained and that transesterification is minimal. The exact sequences allowed for unambiguous assignment of the NMR spectra, and these standards were compared with the data previously reported for random copolymers. The glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of the PLCA and PGCA copolymers were found to depend primarily on monomer ratio rather than sequence. Sequence dependent Tgs were, however, noted for the PLGCA polymers with 1:1:1 L:G:C ratios; poly LGC and poly GLC exhibited Tgs that differed by nearly 8 °C. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem, 2011 相似文献
995.
Kazem Jeddi Nader Taheri Qazvini Seyed Hassan Jafari Hossein Ali Khonakdar Javad Seyfi Uta Reuter 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2011,49(4):318-326
Polymer–silicate nanocomposites based on poly (ethylene oxide), PEO, poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, and sodium montmorillonite clay were fabricated and characterized to investigate the effect of nanolayered silicates on segmental dynamics of PEO/PMMA blends. X‐ray results indicate the formation of an exfoliated morphology in the nanocomposites. At low silicate contents, an enhancement in segmental dynamics of blend nanocomposites and also PEO, minor component in blend, is observed at temperature region below blend glass transition. This result can be attributed to the improvement of the confinement effect of rigid PMMA matrix on the PEO chains by introducing a low amount of layered silicates. On the other hand, at high silicate contents, an enhancement in segmental dynamics of blend nanocomposites and PEO is observed at temperature region above blend glass transition. This behavior could be interpreted based on the reduction of monomeric friction between two polymer components, which can facilitate segmental motions of blend components in nanocomposite systems. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011 相似文献
996.
Rui Qiao Hua Deng Karl W. Putz L. Catherine Brinson 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2011,49(10):740-748
In this article, we utilize finite element modeling to investigate the effect of nanoparticle agglomeration on the glass transition temperature of polymer nanocomposites. The case of an attractive interaction between polymer and nanofiller is considered for which an interphase domain of gradient properties is developed. This model utilizes representative volume elements that are created and analyzed with varying degrees of nanoparticle clustering and length scale of interphase domain. The viscoelastic properties of the composites are studied using a statistical approach to account for variations due to the random nature of the microstructure. Results show that a monotonic increase in nanofiller clustering not only results in the loss of interphase volume but also obstructs the formation of a percolating interphase network in the nanocomposite. The combined impacts lead to a remarkable decrease of Tg enhancement of clustering nanofillers in comparison with a well‐dispersed configuration. Our simulation results provide qualitative support for experimental observations that clustering observed at high nanofiller concentrations negatively impacts the effects of the nanofiller on overall properties. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2011 相似文献
997.
Hierarchical structure in polymer‐based drug delivery systems as probed by calorimetric measurements
Pascale Valot Nathalie Sintes‐Zydowicz Jean‐Marie Nedelec Mohamed Baba 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2010,48(18):1939-1945
Thermoporosimetry (TPM), a differential scanning calorimetry technique that relies on the shift of transition temperatures caused by the confinement of liquids, was applied to elucidate the complex morphology of drug‐loaded polymeric microcapsules prepared by the emulsion solvent evaporation method. For the very first time, TPM has been applied simultaneously with two liquids as structural probes. It was found that Miglyol, which dissolves the selected drug (Ibuprofen), is confined inside vesicles having a mean radius of 26.3 nm, whereas water, which is the continuous phase, is trapped inside a swollen polymeric network of Eudragit with an average mesh radius of 1.7 nm. A proposed hierarchical structure is given, which predicts that Eudragit microcapsules are formed from a collection of inert oil vesicles partitioned by polymeric Eudragit membranes swollen by water. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 48: 1939–1945, 2010 相似文献
998.
999.
Toshiaki Shirakawa Hajime Ichimura Isao Ikemoto 《Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals》2013,570(1-4):101-107
Pressure-volume isotherms for 4-(trans-4-butylcylohexyl)benzonitrile were measured by means of piston-cylinder method. This substance has a monotropic nematic phase at atmospheric pressure. But over a pressure, the nature of isotropic to nematic phase transition changed from monotropic to enantiotropic phase transition. It is the first observation in P-V-T experiments that the monotropic isotropic-nematic transition changes enantiotropic under pressure. 相似文献
1000.