模拟胃肠道消化液中小球藻类金属硫蛋白对镉离子的结合作用研究

利用锌诱导小球藻,通过提取分离和纯化,获得锌结合类金属硫蛋白(MT-like蛋白).通过透析过程,研究模拟胃、肠道消化液中MT-like蛋白对Cd2+的结合作用.结果表明,在模拟胃液中MT-like蛋白处于脱金属状态,与Cd2+的结合能力弱.而在肠消化液中,MT-like蛋白能与Cd2+结合,20 mg·L-1 MT-...     

密闭高温高压溶样ICP-MS测定24个国际地质标样中的Sb和Bi

研究了ICP-MS分析中Bi,Sb,Te和As产生的记忆效应,其记忆效应Bi>Sb>Te>As。在低浓度硝酸介质中(0.01%～1%),贮存样品的聚丙烯瓶和ICP-MS的进样管道会对Bi元素产生严重的吸附作用。0.1%氢氟酸的清洗效果优于6%的硝酸,而6%的硝酸的清洗效果要优于0.1%高氯酸。在给定的仪器操作条件下,Sb和Bi的检出限分别为0.001和0.000 1 ng·mL-1。采用该清洗方法,结合密闭高温高压溶样,测定了24个国际地质标样中的Bi和Sb。大部分标样的测定结果与已有参考值吻合较好。文章还给出了国际标样AGV-2(安山岩)、BHVO-2(玄武岩)和BCR-2(玄武岩)中Bi和Sb的测定值。     

Recent advances in the development of colorimetric analysis and testing based on aggregation-induced nanozymes

Colorimetric sensing strategies as a powerful point-of-care testing(POCT) tool have attracted significant interest in various chem/biosensing applications.Taking the excellent bare-eye-detectable signaling feature,nanozymes-based colorimetric sensors enable more potential applications and have been a new forefront in the colorimetric POCT analysis toward different target analytes.However,the low catalytic activity of nanozymes in most cases limits their practical application.Recent efforts demonstrate that the aggregation-induced nanozymes provide a general means to modulate nanozymes activity and enhance colorimetric sensing performances of some nanozymes-based colorimetric sensors.But there are few reports are explored to discuss and review such aggregation-induced nanozymes and their colorimetric sensing applications.To highlight the advances and progress in aggregation-induced nanozymes based colorimetric assays,we herein summary the fundamentals,classify and applications of this newlydeveloping field,focusing on the aggregation-induced activity enhancement of nanozymes(AIAEnanozymes) with a significant "signal-on" feature and aggregation-induced activity inhibition of nanozymes(AIAI-nanozymes) with a dramatical "signal-of" characteristics.Finally,we also propose the current challenges and the future prospects on both AIAE-nanozymes and AIAI-nanozymes.     

基于新型纳米传感材料的DNA生物传感器的应用

DNA是构建纳米技术和生物传感技术新设备的良好构建体.DNA生物传感器由于具有灵敏度高、选择性好等特点,近年来获得了飞速发展.研究发现,金属纳米粒子(MNPs)、碳基纳米材料等一系列纳米材料在传感器设计中提高了电化学DNA传感器的传感性能.本文侧重介绍了场效应晶体管、石墨烯、碳纳米管等新型纳米传感材料,以及基于这些材料...     

Rosmanol and Carnosol Synergistically Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis through Inhibiting TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK Pathway

Callicarpalongissima has been used as a Yao folk medicine to treat arthritis for years in China, although its active anti-arthritic moieties have not been clarified so far. In this study, two natural phenolic diterpenoids with anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) effects, rosmanol and carnosol, isolated from the medicinal plant were reported on for the first time. In type II collagen-induced arthritis DBA/1 mice, both rosmanol (40 mg/kg/d) and carnosol (40 mg/kg/d) alone alleviated the RA symptoms, such as swelling, redness, and synovitis; decreased the arthritis index score; and downregulated the serum pro-inflammatory cytokine levels of interleukin 6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Additionally, they blocked the activation of the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways. Of particular interest was that when they were used in combination (20 mg/kg/d each), the anti-RA effect and inhibitory activity on the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway were significantly enhanced. The results demonstrated that rosmanol and carnosol synergistically alleviated RA by inhibiting inflammation through regulating the TLR4/NF-κB/MAPK pathway, meaning they have the potential to be developed into novel, safe natural combinations for the treatment of RA.     

基于变截面梁的光纤光栅线性无啁啾调谐

从理论上分析了利用变截面（等强度）弹性梁实现光纤光栅波长线性、无啁啾调谐的基本原理,给出了实现无啁啾波长调谐的弹性梁截面满足条件及其设计方案,并讨论了矩形等截面和变截面悬臂梁调谐方案的特点.理论分析与实验结果均表明,通过对变截面梁侧向施加载荷,可以实现光纤光栅中心波长的线性无啁啾调谐,且系统结构简单、易于设计.     

光折变光栅在超短脉冲光照射下衍射的研究

利用Kogelnik单色光在体光栅中衍射效率公式推导出超短脉冲光读出稳态光折变体光栅时的衍射光频谱表达式,并在此基础上导出了脉冲光读出时的总衍射光强及总光强衍射效率.研究发现衍射光的频谱分布、总光强及衍射效率与光栅周期Λ、光栅厚度d和读出光脉冲宽度Δτ有密切的关系.通过调整这些参量,光折变光栅可以对入射的超短脉冲光实现不同程度的滤波作用.该结论可用于超短脉冲的整形研究.     

一种利用电光效应测量微小转角的新方法

利用线性电光效应发展出一种新的、高准确度的微小转角测量法.根据W.L. She等人提出的线性电光效应耦合波理论,求得出射光强与入射光强比值（即出射率）对入射光方向的依赖曲线,利用该曲线,通过测量出射率可以确定入射光的方向.并根据此原理,设计了一套简单的装置,该装置可以测量出物体微小转角的变化量,同时测量范围及准确度都可通过外加电场和入射光波长加以调节.对此微小转角测量法作了理论分析,在LiNbO3器件上,得到测量范围大于3′,准确度为3.5″的设计结果.     

薄膜法布里-珀罗滤光片中的超棱镜效应

基于薄膜法布里珀罗滤光片在其峰值波长处具有较大群延迟的特性,设计并从实验上验证了光束倾斜入射时这种结构中存在的超棱镜效应。根据光学薄膜理论中的特征矩阵法,数值模拟计算了器件的群延迟和空间色散曲线,镀制并对器件进行了测试。测试结果表明器件在透射峰值波长处因超棱镜效应引起的空间色散最大位移值达到65μm,与理论计算结果非常吻合;相对于传统的光栅和棱镜器件而言器件具有更高的空间角度色散,实际测试在784.5 nm至786.5 nm波长范围内器件的角色散达到30°/nm。     

颜色视觉匹配中明度阈值的评价

为了对颜色视觉匹配中的明度阈值特性进行评价,采用在阴极射线管显示器上获得的颜色刺激,在5个不同明度的中性色背景下,标准刺激的明度L*从5到95以5个CIELAB单位为变化步长,共对19个不同明度的中性标准颜色进行视觉匹配实验。通过对实验结果的处理和分析,验证了关于颜色刺激视觉辨别明度阈值与背景明度之间相关性的韦伯法则和crispening效应,同时利用颜色视觉匹配数据对基于CIELAB的相关色差公式进行了评价和比较,CIEDE2000具有最好的明度差预测性能,CMC次之,CIELAB和CIE94最差。