用于近红外光谱仪的平场全息凹面光栅的模拟与设计

针对近红外光谱分析属于微弱信号与多元信息处理的特点,基于全息凹面光栅理论,采用光学设计软件CODE V,从初始结构出发,利用软件强大的全局优化功能,设计出一种用于近红外光谱仪的平场全息凹面光栅,成功地减小了像 差,解决了宽光谱、窄谱面展宽的矛盾,并充分利用了光谱信息,是一种高效率的分光光学系统结构。利用CODE V软件,不需要求解复杂的高级像差方程,能对结果进行迅速评价,并可在设计中同时兼顾平场和提高分辨率的要求,极大地 提高了工作效率。最后,给出了实例,设计出的全息凹面光栅工作波长范围为900～1700 nm、直径ф=25 mm、F/#=1.5,对设计结果分析表明：在宽度为50 μm缝光源再现情况下,理论分辨率优于6.3 nm。     

利用Wassermann-Wolf原理设计共形光学系统

基于Wassermann-Wolf曲面原理,设计了一套共形光学系统.该系统的设计方法与传统光学系统不同,具有随目标视场变化的动态像差特性.系统主要参量f′为30 mm,像空间F/#为1.0,工作波长为3～5 μm,HFOR为24°（半目标视场）,HFOV为1.0°（半瞬间视场）.设计结果表明,在整个目标视场系统成像质量达到较好水平.     

HL-2A脉冲步进阶梯调制高压电源控制系统的研制

介绍了HL-2A 上基于脉冲步进阶梯调制(PSM)技术的高压电源控制系统的研究。控制系统以数字信号处理+现场可编程门阵列(DSP+FPGA)为架构，控制112 个每秒采样(SPS)模块，按照一定的控制方式使电源输出稳定的电压。DSP 负责数据传输、通讯、控制算法等；FPGA 利用其强大的逻辑功能输出所需的脉冲。通过对程序的编写、仿真和调试，实验结果表明该控制系统的特性达到了设计要求。     

Modal decomposition from partial measurements

A data set over space and time is assumed to have a low-rank representation in separated spatial and temporal modes. The problem of evaluating these modes from a temporal series of partial measurements is considered. Each elementary instantaneous measurement captures only a “window” (in space) of the observed data set, but the position of this window varies in time so as to cover the entire region of interest and would allow for a complete measurement would the scene be static. A novel procedure, alternative to the Gappy Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (GPOD) methodology, is introduced. It is a fixed-point iterative procedure where modes are evaluated sequentially. Tested upon very sparse acquisition (1% of measurements being available) and very noisy synthetic data sets (10% noise), the proposed algorithm is shown to outperform two variants of the GPOD algorithm, with much faster convergence, and better reconstruction of the entire data set.     

Determination of tetracyclines in human urine samples by capillary electrophoresis in combination with field amplified sample injection

A sensitive method using CZE‐UV detection has been developed for the determination of five tetracycline antibiotics in human urine samples. To improve the sensitivity of the method, an on‐line preconcentration strategy, named field‐amplified sample injection, has been developed, based on the electrokinetic injection of the sample, which requires only a 1:100 dilution with sample solvent before injection. Under optimum conditions, sensitivity enhancement factors ranged from 450 to 800 for the studied compounds. The applicability of the proposed method was demonstrated by the determination of these antibiotics in spiked urine samples. The limits of quantification were lower than 0.8 mg/L and the precision (intra‐ and inter‐day), expressed as %RSD was below 14%. Recoveries ranged from 92.1 to 96.7%. Thus, the proposed procedure is a simple, fast and efficient strategy which could be used as therapeutic drug monitoring in human urine samples.     

The response of a layered half-space to traffic loads moving along its surface

Summary The dynamic behaviour of a railway system is influenced by the interaction of its three subsystems: the vehicles, the rail construction itself and the subsoil. In this paper, the subsoil is considered as a linear-elastic layered half-space. Integral transformations are used for the analysis of this system: Fourier transformation for the time/frequency domain and for the space/wavenumber domains with respect to the horizontal coordinates. One arrives at an ordinary differential equation for the vertical direction, by which different layers or continuously changing elastic properties can be taken into account in an efficient manner. The efficiency of the transformation technique depends substantially on the effort necessary for the inverse transformation. A substantial reduction of data can be achieved in an error-controlled procedure if a wavelet transformation is applied as an additional transformation. The calculations are illustrated by solutions of several examples of moving time-dependent loads, particularly of a train model with four vehicles idealized by moving forces, time depending as if they were passing a rigid surface with a given roughness. Received 23 December 1997; accepted for publication 22 July 1998     

超冷里德堡原子的产生以及探测

利用激光冷却与俘获技术获得冷原子,由双光子激发产生超冷里德堡原子,利用场电离法得到了里德堡原子ns和nd态的离子谱图;再将激光波长固定在6p3/2-34d态的共振跃迁线上,得到了离子和里德堡原子的TOF(Time of Flight)图,并对实验结果做了分析.     

Annealing temperature influence on the degree of inhomogeneity of the Schottky barrier in Ti/4H–SiC contacts

Tung＇s model was used to analyze anomalies observed in Ti/Si C Schottky contacts. The degree of the inhomogeneous Schottky barrier after annealing at different temperatures is characterized by the ‘T0anomaly＇ and the difference（△Φ）between the uniformly high barrier height（Φ0B） and the effective barrier height（Φeff B）. Those two parameters of Ti Schottky contacts on 4H–Si C were deduced from I–V measurements in the temperature range of 298 K–503 K. The increase in Schottky barrier（SB） height（ΦB） and decrease in the ideality factor（n） with an increase measurement temperature indicate the presence of an inhomogeneous SB. The degree of inhomogeneity of the Schottky barrier depends on the annealing temperature, and it is at its lowest for 500-°C thermal treatment. The degree of inhomogeneity of the SB could reveal effects of thermal treatments on Schottky contacts in other aspects.     

How does the structural inhomogeneity influence the shear band behaviours of metallic glasses

ABSTRACT

Here we propose a model to understand the influence of structural inhomogeneity on the shear band behaviours of metallic glasses. By considering the inhomogeneous structure and stress concentration, the model predicts that the strain for shear band nucleation in metallic glasses can be variable and far below the theoretical elastic limit. During sliding, the shear band will approach a dynamic equilibrium state of balanced free volume generation and annihilation. By considering the accumulation of irreversible structure change, the shear band will finally develop into fracture. Under fluctuating load, the shear band shows an ‘activate-arrest’ behaviour, which results from a delayed response to the external load change. These results reasonably explain and correlate the physics behind the elastic limit, stick-slip shear band behaviour, implicit shear events, and shear band fracture in metallic glasses. The study can provide another perspective and platform to understand the correlations between structural inhomogeneity and shear band behaviours in metallic glasses, and further explore other shear band related phenomena not only in metallic glasses but also in the class of shear-softened materials.