全文获取类型
收费全文 | 67552篇 |
免费 | 5969篇 |
国内免费 | 12841篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 59742篇 |
晶体学 | 2292篇 |
力学 | 841篇 |
综合类 | 577篇 |
数学 | 6130篇 |
物理学 | 16780篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 181篇 |
2023年 | 1097篇 |
2022年 | 2366篇 |
2021年 | 2333篇 |
2020年 | 2272篇 |
2019年 | 2084篇 |
2018年 | 1739篇 |
2017年 | 2218篇 |
2016年 | 2313篇 |
2015年 | 2022篇 |
2014年 | 2716篇 |
2013年 | 5852篇 |
2012年 | 4149篇 |
2011年 | 4482篇 |
2010年 | 3877篇 |
2009年 | 4684篇 |
2008年 | 4515篇 |
2007年 | 4655篇 |
2006年 | 4341篇 |
2005年 | 3748篇 |
2004年 | 3579篇 |
2003年 | 3001篇 |
2002年 | 2577篇 |
2001年 | 2036篇 |
2000年 | 1936篇 |
1999年 | 1577篇 |
1998年 | 1393篇 |
1997年 | 1190篇 |
1996年 | 1030篇 |
1995年 | 1043篇 |
1994年 | 905篇 |
1993年 | 753篇 |
1992年 | 717篇 |
1991年 | 535篇 |
1990年 | 350篇 |
1989年 | 340篇 |
1988年 | 296篇 |
1987年 | 194篇 |
1986年 | 148篇 |
1985年 | 168篇 |
1984年 | 160篇 |
1983年 | 56篇 |
1982年 | 98篇 |
1981年 | 133篇 |
1980年 | 111篇 |
1979年 | 97篇 |
1978年 | 71篇 |
1977年 | 68篇 |
1976年 | 40篇 |
1973年 | 43篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
41.
Yonggang Shangguan Li Zhao Liyang Tao Qiang Zheng 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2007,45(13):1704-1712
The effects of preparation method, composition, and thermal condition on formation of β‐iPP in isotactic polypropylene/ethylene–propylene rubber (iPP/EPR) blends were studied using modulated differential scanning calorimeter (MDSC), wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD), and phase contrast microscopy (PCM). It was found that the α‐iPP and β‐iPP can simultaneity form in the melt‐blended samples, whereas only α‐iPP exists in the solution‐blended samples. The results show that the formation of β‐iPP in the melt‐blended samples is related to the crystallization temperature and the β‐iPP generally diminishes and finally vanishes when the crystallization temperature moves far from 125 °C. The phenomena that the lower critical temperature of β‐iPP in iPP/EPR obviously increases to 114 °C and the upper critical temperature decreases to 134 °C indicate the narrowing of temperature interval, facilitating the formation of β‐iPP in iPP/EPR. Furthermore, it was found that the amount of β‐iPP in melt‐blended iPP/EPR samples is dependent on the composition and the maximum amount of β‐iPP formed when the composition of iPP/EPR blends is 85:15 in weight. The results through examining the effect of annealing for iPP/EPR samples at melt state indicate that this annealing may eliminate the susceptibility to β‐crystallization of iPP. However, only α‐iPP can be observed in solution‐blended samples subjected to annealing for different time. The PCM images demonstrate that an obvious phase‐separation happens in both melt‐blended and solution‐blended iPP/EPR samples, implying that compared with the disperse degree of EPR in iPP, the preparation method plays a dominant role in formation of β‐iPP. It is suggested that the origin of formation of β‐iPP results from the thermomechanical history of the EPR component in iPP/EPR. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1704–1712, 2007 相似文献
42.
O. Maksimov P. Fisher M. Skowronski P.A. Salvador M. Snyder J. Xu X. Weng 《Journal of Crystal Growth》2008,310(11):2760-2766
MgO films were grown on (0 0 1) yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The crystalline structures of these films were investigated using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Growth temperature was varied from 350 to 550 °C, with crystalline quality being improved at higher temperatures. The MgO films had a domain structure: (1 1 1)[1 1 2¯]MgO(0 0 1)[1 0 0]YSZ with four twin variants related by a 90° in-plane rotation about the [1 1 1]MgO axis. The observed epitaxial orientation was compared to previous reports of films grown by pulsed laser deposition and sputtering and explained as resulting in the lowest interface energy. 相似文献
43.
The paper deals with a singularly perturbed reaction diffusionmodel problem. The focus is on reliable a posteriori error estimatorsfor the H1 seminorm that can be applied to anisotropic finiteelement meshes. A residual error estimator and a local problemerror estimator are proposed and rigorously analysed. They arelocally equivalent, and both bound the error reliably. Threemodifications of these estimators are introduced and discussed. Much attention is given to the performance of the error estimatorin numerical experiments. This helps to identify those estimatorsthat are suitable for practical applications. 相似文献
44.
《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2003,41(2):139-142
Bioassay‐guided fractionation of the methanol extract of Odontadenia macrantha afforded a new limonoid, odontadenin A (1) and two known triterpenoids, lupeol (2) and α‐amyrin (3). The structure of 1 was established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR and high‐resolution fast atom bombardment mass spectrometric data. The new compound was found to possess moderate cytotoxicity against A2780, the ovarian cancer cell line. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
45.
《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2003,41(8):626-628
15N isotopic enrichment was necessary for the unequivocal assignment of the 1H NMR lines to the protons in the NH–OH fragment of benzohydroxamic acid, BHXA, C6H5CONHOH, in dry dimethyl sulfoxide solutions. The assignment [δ(NH) = 11.21, δ(OH) = 9.01, 1J(15N,1H) = 102.2 Hz, 2J(15N,1H) <1.5 Hz], which is opposite to that used by other authors, confirms the assignment extended to BHXA by Brown and co‐workers from the spectra of acetohydroxamic acid. The enrichment allowed also assignment of the 29Si lines in the spectra of disilylated benzohydroxamic acid, (Z)‐tert‐butyldimethylsilyl N‐tert‐butyldimethylsilyloxybenzoimidate (2) and (Z)‐tert‐butyldiphenylsilyl N‐tert‐butyldiphenylsilyloxybenzoimidate (3), and confirmed structure of the monosilylated products, N‐tert‐butyldiphenylsilyloxybenzamide (4) and N‐tert‐butyldiphenylsilyloxy benzoimidic acid (5). Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
46.
《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2003,41(1):61-64
Palladium(II) dichloride reacts with 1,10‐bis(2‐pyrrolyl)‐2,5,9‐triaza‐1,9‐decadiene to give a [Pd(C15H20N5)]Cl complex in which the ligand is four‐coordinated, leaving one pyrrole group dangling. By using COSY, gHSQC, gHMBC connectivities and NOE experiments it has been concluded that one linkage isomer exists in DMSO solution, in spite of the fact that different sets of N atoms of potentially pentadentate ligand might be involved in coordination, and that the three chelate rings in the complex cation are arranged in a sequence: five‐membered, six‐membered, five‐membered which is different from that (5–5–6) found by x‐ray studies on the related [Ni(C15H20N5)]Cl compound. NMR studies allowed an unambiguous assignment of all 1H and 13C NMR resonances for the complex. Results of x‐ray structural analysis of [Pd(C15H20N5)](CH3COO)H2O supported the five‐membered, six‐membered, five‐membered ring sequence in the [Pd(C15H20N5)]+ complex cation and show an E (trans) orientation of the dangling pyrrole group with respect to the metal center. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
47.
DEBACHE Abdelmadjid BOULCINA Raouf TAFER Radia BELFAITAH Ali RHOUATI Salah CARBONI Bertrand 《中国化学》2008,26(11):2112-2116
The synthesis of 1,2,3,4-dihydropyrimidinone/thione derivatives was achieved in good to excellent yields using calcium(II) nitrate as catalyst to promote the Biginelli three-component condensation reaction from a diversity of aromatic aldehydes, β-keto compounds and urea or thiourea. The reaction was carried out under solvent-free conditions. 相似文献
48.
49.
50.