On the Inverse Mapping of the Formal Symplectic Groupoid of a Deformation Quantization

To each natural star product on a Poisson manifold M we associate an antisymplectic involutive automorphism of the formal neighborhood of the zero section of the cotangent bundle of M. If M is symplectic, this mapping is shown to be the inverse mapping of the formal symplectic groupoid of the star product. The construction of the inverse mapping involves modular automorphisms of the star product.     

Computation of the chiral anomaly in the bulk quantization

The bulk quantization method is used for regularizing a conventional four dimensional theory of massless fermions coupled to an external non‐Abelian gauge field and for subsequently evaluating the associated Ward identity. As a result one obtains the well‐known chiral anomaly.     

Fast Encoding Method for Image Vector Quantization Based on Multiple Appropriate Features to Estimate Euclidean Distance

The encoding process of finding the best-matched codeword (winner) for a certain input vector in image vector quantization (VQ) is computationally very expensive due to a lot of k-dimensional Euclidean distance computations. In order to speed up the VQ encoding process, it is beneficial to firstly estimate how large the Euclidean distance is between the input vector and a candidate codeword by using appropriate low dimensional features of a vector instead of an immediate Euclidean distance computation. If the estimated Euclidean distance is large enough, it implies that the current candidate codeword could not be a winner so that it can be rejected safely and thus avoid actual Euclidean distance computation. Sum (1-D), L₂ norm (1-D) and partial sums (2-D) of a vector are used together as the appropriate features in this paper because they are the first three simplest features. Then, four estimations of Euclidean distance between the input vector and a codeword are connected to each other by the Cauchy–Schwarz inequality to realize codeword rejection. For typical standard images with very different details (Lena, F-16, Pepper and Baboon), the final remaining must-do actual Euclidean distance computations can be eliminated obviously and the total computational cost including all overhead can also be reduced obviously compared to the state-of-the-art EEENNS method meanwhile keeping a full search (FS) equivalent PSNR.     

A Regularization of Quantum Field Hamiltonians with the Aid of p–adic Numbers

Gaussian distributions on infinite-dimensional p-adic spaces are introduced and the corresponding L₂-spaces of p-adic-valued square integrable functions are constructed. Representations of the infinite-dimensional Weyl group are realized in p-adic L₂-spaces. There is a formal analogy with the usual Segal representation. But there is also a large topological difference: parameters of the p-adic infinite-dimensional Weyl group are defined only on some balls (these balls are additive subgroups). p-adic Hilbert space representations of quantum Hamiltonians for systems with an infinite number of degrees of freedom are constructed. Many Hamiltonians with potentials which are too singular to exist as functions over reals are realized as bounded symmetric operators in L₂-spaces with respect to a p-adic Gaussian distribution.     

Deformation Quantizations of the Poisson Algebra of Laurent Polynomials

It is well known that the Moyal bracket gives a unique deformation quantization of the canonical phase space R2n up to equivalence. In his presentation of an interesting deformation quantization of the Poisson algebra of Laurent polynomials, Ovsienko discusses the equivalences of deformation quantizations of these algebras. We show that under suitable conditions, deformation quantizations of this algebra are equivalent. Though Ovsienko showed that there exists a deformation quantization of the Poisson algebra of Laurent polynomials which is not equivalent to the Moyal product, this is not correct. We show this equivalence by two methods: a direct construction of the intertwiner via the star exponential and a more standard approach using Hochschild 2-cocycles.     

Geometric Analysis and Symbol Calculus: Fourier Transform Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Wavelets

Due to its unequalled advantages, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modality has truly revolutionized the diagnosis and evaluation of pathology. Because many morphological anatomic details that may not be visualized by other high tech imaging methods can now be readily shown by diagnostic MRI, it has already become the standard modality by which all other clinical imaging techniques are measured. The unique quantum physical basis of the MRI modality combined with the imaging capabilities of current computer technology has made this imaging modality a target of interdisciplinary interest for clinicians, physicists, biologists, engineers, and mathematicians. Due to the fact that MRI scanners perform corticomorphic processing, this modality is by far more complex than all the other high tech clinical imaging techniques. The purpose of this paper is to outline a phase coherent wavelet approach to Fourier transform MRI. It is based on distributional harmonic analysis on the Heisenberg nilpotent Lie group G and the associated symplectically invariant symbol calculus of pseudodifferential operators. The contour and contrast resolution of MRI scans which is controlled by symplectic filter bank processing gives the noninvasive MRI modality superiority over X-ray computed tomography (CT) in soft tissue differentiation.     

WKB method for the Dirac equation with a scalar-vector coupling

We outline a recursive method for obtaining WKB expansions of solutions of the Dirac equation in an external centrally symmetric field with a scalar-vector Lorentz structure of the interaction potentials. We obtain semiclassical formulas for radial functions in the classically allowed and forbidden regions and find conditions for matching them in passing through the turning points. We generalize the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule to the relativistic case where a spin-1/2 particle interacts simultaneously with a scalar and an electrostatic external field. We obtain a general expression in the semiclassical approximation for the width of quasistationary levels, which was earlier known only for barrier-type electrostatic potentials (the Gamow formula). We show that the obtained quantization rule exactly produces the energy spectrum for Coulomb- and oscillatory-type potentials. We use an example of the funnel potential to demonstrate that the proposed version of the WKB method not only extends the possibilities for studying the spectrum of energies and wave functions analytically but also ensures an appropriate accuracy of calculations even for states with n_r 1.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 143, No. 1, pp. 83–111, April, 2005.     

About Nonassociativity in Mathematics and Physics

A short review about nonassociative algebraic systems (mainly nonassociative algebras) and their physical applications is presented. We begin with some motivations, then we give a brief historical overview about the formation and development of the concept of hypercomplex number system and about some earlier applications. The main directions discussed are the octonionic, Lie-admissible, and quasigroup approaches. Also, some problems investigated in Tartu, the octonionic approach, Moufang–Mal'tsev symmetry, and associator quantization are discussed. This review does not pretend to be complete as the accent is placed on ideas and not on the techniques, also the references are quite sporadic (there are many authors and results mentioned in the text without references).