航天诱变育种甜椒品系的红外光谱分析

首次采用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)对航天诱变育种甜椒品系种子和一般大田生产的甜椒品种种子进行了对比研究,比较了它们红外光谱的异同。甜椒种子的红外光谱主要由蛋白质的吸收带和碳水化合物的吸收带组成。航天育种的两个甜椒品系种子(SP11和SP18)红外光谱的主要吸收峰的峰位、峰形与普通甜椒品系种子相同,表明经航天诱变的甜椒其主要化学成分和基本结构并未发生变化。太空甜椒种子,在2 854,1 652, 1 542以及1 160～1 062 cm-1范围内的吸收都较普通甜椒种子增加。2 855 cm-1峰是CH₂—伸缩振动,1 652 cm-1处的吸收峰为酰胺Ⅰ带,是CO的伸缩振动峰,1 542 cm-1的吸收峰是酰胺Ⅱ带,是N—H的弯曲振动和C—N的伸缩振动,1 160 cm-1处的峰可能为碳水化合物的C—O的伸缩振动引起。表明航天诱变使甜椒种子的蛋白质和碳水化合物含量增加。     

被动式FTIR遥感掺纳米材料固体推进剂的燃烧火焰温度

应用被动式遥感FTIR,分别对掺入纳米级金属氧化物、掺入同种材料普通金属氧化物及无掺入物的固体推进剂的燃烧火焰温度进行了测量。固体推进剂的主要成分为硝化棉和硝化甘油。掺加物分别为6 nm CuO,56 nm Fe₂O₃,16 nm NiO粒子及相应的普通金属氧化物。FTIR仪器分辨率为1 cm-1。利用燃烧产物中H₂O分子在2.75 μm处的基带发射光谱精细结构,根据分子转振光谱测温法,计算出燃烧火焰温度。结果表明,掺有纳米级CuO,Fe₂O₃和NiO粒子的固体推进剂的燃烧火焰温度分别为3 089,3 193和3 183 K,此温度与掺入同种材料的普通金属氧化物和无掺入物的固体推进剂的燃烧火焰温度无明显差别。     

傅里叶变换红外光谱法研究PLGA微球中葡激酶突变体(K35R)的二级结构

用复乳溶剂挥发法制备了葡激酶突变体(K35R,DGR)的PLGA微球,并用傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)定量研究了PLGA微球内DGR的二级结构。 将可增强分辨率的傅里叶去卷积技术与高斯曲线拟合技术共同用于对微球内DGR酰胺Ⅰ带的定量分析,发现DGR酰胺Ⅰ带共包含9个红外吸收峰,并对各组份进行了归属。 此外,还对微球内DGR结构稳定性相关的1 623和1 650 cm-1吸收峰进行了讨论。     

天然文石质陶瓷-三角帆蚌贝壳的FTIR光谱研究

三角帆蚌贝壳珍珠层及韧带经粉末XRD分析证实均由文石组成。对珍珠层及韧带的FTIR光谱进行了测量和对比分析。结果表明：(1)文石的ν₂,ν₃带显示了较大的变化,相对韧带而言,珍珠层文石的ν₂带频率蓝移6.5 cm-1,而ν₃带却红移22.7 cm-1;(2)珍珠层文石的ν₂,ν₃带半高宽分别比韧带文石宽1倍左右。相比之下,珍珠层及韧带文石的ν₁,ν₄带的特征基本没有发生变化。文石红外光谱的这种各向异性的变化可能是由文石的粒径效应引起的。     

二维傅里叶变换红外(2D FTIR)相关光谱技术研究聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的熔融与结晶

应用新型二维傅里叶变换红外(2DFTIR)相关光谱研究细菌合成聚羟基丁酸酯(PHB)在升温时的预熔行为以及降温后的重结晶过程.在25～220℃的变温过程中测得动态红外光谱.着重讨论了在热力学干扰导致红外谱图中羰基峰(1700～1770cm^-1)和醚键(1230～1310cm^-1)吸收强度的波动.结果表明,这种影响来自样品中PHB的结晶态和非晶态之间的相态变化.二维谱图分析表明,在热熔过程中,结晶态的消失并不同时引起完全非晶态的出现,暗示在分子排列高度有序的晶态和非晶态之间存在某种中间态,PHB晶体向非晶态转变时必须经过一个预熔过程.在红外谱图上这个中间态很可能对应着由二维分析显示出来的位于1730cm^-1的吸收峰.同时,在PHB熔体从非晶态逐渐生成晶体的过程中也探测到了中间态的存在.     

Effects of Thermal Activation on the El ectrocatalysis of the Ru(O001) Surface

Variable-temperature in-situ FTIR spectroscopy has been used as the primary tool to investigate the effects of temperature (10 to 50 C ) on formaldehyde dissociative adsorption and electro-oxidation on the Ru (0001) electrode in perchloric acid solution, and the results were interpreted in terms of the surface chemistry of the Ru (0001) electrode and compared to those obtained during our previous studies on the adsorption of CO under the same conditions. It was found that formaldehyde did undergo dissociative adsorption, even at -200 mV vs. Ag/AgCl, to form linear (COL) and 3-fold-hollow(COH) binding CO adsorbates. In contrast to the adsorption of .CO, it was found that increasing the temperature to 50℃ markedly increased the amount of CO adsorbates formed on the Ru(0001) surface from the adsorption of formaldehyde. On increasing the potential, the electrooxidation of the CO adsorbates to CO2 took place via reaction with the active (1×1)-O oxide. A significant increase in the surface reactivity was observed on the RuO2(100) phase formed at higher potentials. Formic acid was detected as a partial oxidation product during formaldehyde electro-oxidation. The data obtained at 50℃are markedly different from those collected at 10 and 25℃ in terms of the amount of both CO2 and formic acid formed and the adsorbed COL and COH species observed. These results were rationalized by the thermal effects on both the loosening of the CO adlayer and the activation of surface oxide on increasing the temperature.     

Synthesis,Characterization and Crystal Structure of a Polymeric Zinc(II) Complex Containing the Antimalarial Quinine as Ligand

Abstract A novel polymeric zinc(II) complex of quinine, [chlorosulphato (2-ethenyl)-4-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-ylium-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl) methanol zinc(II)] has been synthesized and characterized. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis of the complex (C₂₀H₂₅ClN₂O₆SZn) revealed that quinine forms a zigzag coordination polymeric complex with Zn(II) of extended chains –ZnCl–O–SO₂–O–Zn–O–SO₂–O–ZnCl–. The crystals are monoclinic, space group C2 with a = 20.5035(5), b = 9.7943(2), c = 11.7814(4) ?, β = 96.578(2)°, Z = 4, V = 2350.3(1) ?³. The complex exhibits a tetrahedral geometry. Each Zn(II) centre is thus coordinated to an O atom from each of two sulphate bridges, a Cl atom and quinoline atom N(4) of the quinine moiety. The second quinuclidine nitrogen in the quinine is protonated. In the crystal, there is linkage of two polymeric chains related by a twofold rotation axis, resulting in a bilayer. The linking is achieved by hydrogen bonding from the quinine cation which provides two donors (–OH, N⁺–H), to oxygen atoms of sulphate groups which act as acceptors. Graphical Abstract The new polymeric zinc(II) complex of quinine, [chlorosulphato (2-ethenyl)-4-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-ylium-(6-methoxy quinolin-4-yl) methanol Zinc(II)] has been synthesized and structurally characterized The compound was characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction. X-ray analysis showed that quinine forms a zigzag coordination polymeric complex with Zn(II) of extended chains –ZnCl–O–SO2–O–Zn–O–SO2–O–ZnCl–.      

FTIR直接测定法在解决忍冬科一些分类学问题中的应用研究

应用傅里叶变换红外光谱 (FTIR) 法测定了忍冬科5属12种植物的红外光谱,对其红外光谱及系统关系进行了分析。结果表明：各分类群的红外光谱具有高度特异性和重现性,七子花属与忍冬族和北极花族的关系都比较接近,表明七子花属有可能在一定程度上联系着忍冬族和北极花族,而接骨木属和荚蒾属与科内其他属的距离并不远,支持目前把这两属归入忍冬科的分类方法。说明利用已知的标准红外光谱图库,可以鉴定和区分出这些属或其他属植物的种类及关系。     

DL-2-氨基4-磺酸基-丁酸与金属离子相互作用的研究

运用傅里叶变换红外光谱技术,对DL-2-氨基-4-磺酸基丁酸(DLH)与Na+,Cu2+,Zn2+和Ni2+ 形成的配合物进行了研究,并用元素分析的方法确定配合物的组成。红外光谱显示DLH分子中的—COOH,—NH+₃和—SO-₃ 基团均可与金属离子发生直接或间接的相互作用。不同过渡金属离子与氨基、羧基相互作用的强度顺序均为： Cu2+＞Zn2+＞Ni2+,其中羧基与不同离子可能采取了不同的配位方式。     

柠檬酸壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚单酯二乙醇酰胺的合成及红外光谱研究

由柠檬酸出发,经过转化制备柠檬酸酐,与壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚反应制备柠檬酸壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚单酯,再与二乙醇胺反应合成了一种具有防锈、润滑双重性能的水基合成切削液新型添加剂-柠檬酸壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚单酯二乙醇酰胺。采用红外光谱法对原料、中间体及最终产物进行了测试。根据1 736.14 cm-1酯中CO双键伸缩振动的特征吸收峰,1 642.39 cm-1酰胺中CO双键伸缩振动的吸收峰,可知所得到的产物为柠檬酸壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚单酯二乙醇酰胺,说明所采用的合成的工艺路线是可行的。