一种新的调频条纹分析算法

本文提出一种无需滤波处理的调频条纹分析算法,该算法与傅里叶技术相比具有省时、便于进行快速、实时位相测量等优点。     

模糊数值函数的强可导性、连续性、局部平均McShane可积性

通过所提出的模糊数值函数的强可导性和平均 Mc Shane可积性等概念 ,对模糊数值函数的连续性从导数和积分两方面进行了讨论和刻画 ,也回答了强可导性与强导数可积之间的关系 ,给出两个充分必要条件。     

Surface chemistry and catalysis of oxide model catalysts from single crystals to nanocrystals

Fundamental understandings of surface chemistry and catalysis of solid catalysts are of great importance for the developments of efficient catalysts and corresponding catalytic processes, but have been remaining as a challenge due to the complex nature of heterogeneous catalysis. Model catalysts approach based on catalytic materials with uniform and well-defined surface structures is an effective strategy. Single crystals-based model catalysts have been successfully used for surface chemistry studies of solid catalysts, but encounter the so-called “materials gap” and “pressure gap” when applied for catalysis studies of solid catalysts. Recently catalytic nanocrystals with uniform and well-defined surface structures have emerged as a novel type of model catalysts whose surface chemistry and catalysis can be studied under the same operational reaction condition as working powder catalysts, and they are recognized as a novel type of model catalysts that can bridge the “materials gap” and “pressure gap” between single crystals-based model catalysts and powder catalysts. Herein we review recent progress of surface chemistry and catalysis of important oxide catalysts including CeO₂, TiO₂ and Cu₂O acquired by model catalysts from single crystals to nanocrystals with an aim at summarizing the commonalities and discussing the differences among model catalysts with complexities at different levels. Firstly, the complex nature of surface chemistry and catalysis of solid catalysts is briefly introduced. In the following sections, the model catalysts approach is described and surface chemistry and catalysis of CeO₂, TiO₂ and Cu₂O single crystal and nanocrystal model catalysts are reviewed. Finally, concluding remarks and future prospects are given on a comprehensive approach of model catalysts from single crystals to nanocrystals for the investigations of surface chemistry and catalysis of powder catalysts approaching the working conditions as closely as possible.     

Spin transport properties in ferromagnet/superconductor junctions on topological insulator

The spin-dependent Andreev reflection is investigated theoretically by analyzing the electronic transport in a thin-film topological insulator (TI) ferromagnet/superconductor (FM/SC) junction. The tunneling conductance and shot noise are calculated based on the Dirac-Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation and Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk theory. It is found that the magnetic gap in ferromagnet can enhance the Andreev retro-reflection but suppress the specular Andreev reflection. The gate potential applied to the electrode on top of superconductor can enhance the two types of reflections. There is a transition between the two types of reflections at which both the tunneling conductance and differential shot noise become zero. These results provide a method to realize and detect experimentally the intra-band specular Andreev reflection in thin film TI-based FM/SC structures.     

外应力场下铁磁/反铁磁双层膜系统中的交换偏置

采用自由能极小的方法研究了铁磁/反铁磁双层膜系统在外应力场下的交换各向异性.本模型中铁磁层具有单轴磁晶各向异性和立方磁晶各向异性，而反铁磁层仅具有单轴磁晶各向异性，但其厚度趋于半无穷.理论上解析地给出了系统的等效交换偏置和钉扎角(它显示了反铁磁层对铁磁层磁化的钉扎作用)与外应力场之间的关系.数值计算表明：系统的等效交换偏置与外磁场的方向有关，而与其大小无关；然而外应力场的大小和方向均对系统的等效交换偏置有影响，其根源在于外应力场的大小和方向都影响着钉扎角. 关键词： 铁磁/反铁磁双层膜 交换偏置 钉扎角 应力场     

Evolution of dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction method

Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) has become a very popular environmentally benign sample-preparation technique, because it is fast, inexpensive, easy to operate with a high enrichment factor and consumes low volume of organic solvent. DLLME is a modified solvent extraction method in which acceptor-to-donor phase ratio is greatly reduced compared with other methods. In this review, in order to encourage further development of DLLME, its combination with different analytical techniques such as gas chromatography (GC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ET AAS) will be discussed. Also, its applications in conjunction with different extraction techniques such as solid-phase extraction (SPE), solidification of floating organic drop (SFO) and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) are summarized. This review focuses on the extra steps in sample preparation for application of DLLME in different matrixes such as food, biological fluids and solid samples. Further, the recent developments in DLLME are presented. DLLME does have some limitations, which will also be discussed in detail. Finally, an outlook on the future of the technique will be given.     

Theoretical Study on the Ferromagnetism of Cr-doped In_2O_3

Density functional theory （DFT） calculations are performed to investigate the electronic structure and ferromagnetism of （In, Cr）2O3. The densities of states suggest that the Cr dopants provide nearly 100% polarization of the conduction carriers and the ferromagnetic ground state in Cr-doped In2O3 can be explained from p-d hybridization mechanism. The calculation results also show that the ferromagnetism is strengthened in the presence of oxygen vacancy.     

Tunneling conductance through the half-metal/conical magnet/superconductor junctions in the adiabatic and non-adiabatic regimes: Self-consistent calculations

The tunneling conductance through the half-metal/conical magnet/superconductor (HM/CM/SC) junctions is investigated with the use of the Bogoliubov–de Gennes equations in the framework of Blonder–Tinkham–Klapwijk formalism. Due to the spin band separation in the HM, the conductance in the subgap region is mainly determined by the anomalous Andreev reflection, the probability of which strongly depends on the spin transmission in the CM layer. We show that the spins of electrons injected from the HM can be transmitted through the CM to the SC either adiabatically or non-adiabatically depending on the period of the spatial modulation of the exchange field. We find that the conductance in the subgap region oscillates as a function of the CM layer thickness wherein the oscillations transform from the irregular pattern in the non-adiabatic regime to the regular one in the adiabatic regime. For both adiabatic and non-adiabatic transport regimes the conductance is studied over a broad range of parameters determining the spiral magnetization in the CM. We find that in the non-adiabatic regime, the decrease of the exchange field amplitude in the CM leads to the emergence of the conductance peak for the particular CM thickness in agreement with recent experiments.     

Velocity Measurement of Laser cooled Atoms by FM Spectroscopy TechniqueSupported by the National Science Foundation of China, No.19834060, and the Department of National Science and Technology of China, No.95 Yu 34.

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Arithmetic of divisibility in finite models

We prove that the finite‐model version of arithmetic with the divisibility relation is undecidable (more precisely, it has Π⁰₁‐complete set of theorems). Additionally we prove FM‐representability theorem for this class of finite models. This means that a relation R on natural numbers can be described correctly on each input on almost all finite divisibility models if and only if R is of degree ≤ 0 ′. We obtain these results by interpreting addition and multiplication on initial segments of finite models with divisibility only. (© 2004 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)