基于时分复用和窄波长扫描激光的长距离光纤布喇格光栅传感系统

提出了一种通过提高长距离光纤布喇格光栅传感系统容量,从而实现多传感点参量测量的新方法.采用时分复用、窄波长范围扫描激光方式,将多个中心波长相近的低反射率光纤布喇格光栅放置于系统的不同位置,构成准分布式光纤传感系统,实现了多个传感点参量的同时测量.同时提出了采用掺铒光纤和喇曼混合放大方法来延长传感距离.在系统的中间加入一个喇曼泵浦进行喇曼放大以此补偿光纤布喇格光栅反射的信号,系统末端的掺铒光纤利用前面喇曼泵浦剩余的泵浦功率产生自发辐射光并放大传感信号,使得整个系统的传感距离延长.实验证实：将三只中心波长均在1 580 nm附近,反射率均小于4%的光纤布喇格光栅,分别放置在系统的不同位置,在200 km处获得了15 dB的信噪比,反射信号明显|并且在200 km处的静态应变和温度实验中,线性度均达到了0.999以上.     

基于矢量水听器阵列空域预滤波处理的多重信号分类算法研究

矢量水听器能同时拾取声压和振速信息,在相同的信噪比、阵元数及阵列孔径下,矢量阵定向性能优于声压阵列。目前,以多重信号分类算法(Multiple signal classification,MUSIC)为代表的高分辨定向算法已经广泛应用于矢量水听器阵列中。但是随着信噪比降低、信号源方位间隔减小,传统MUSIC算法定向精度及分辨概率显著下降。本文采用最小二乘法设计适用于矢量水听器水平阵列的矩阵空域滤波器,用于阵列数据的空间滤波预处理,可以对阻带扇面噪声进行有效抑制。由滤波后的数据协方差矩阵可以得到新的噪声子空间,在传统MUSIC算法基础上修正通带扇面内阵列流型的畸变后即可得到滤波后MUSIC算法的方位谱。仿真结果表明,当信噪比较低时,改进算法有效提高了通带扇面内目标方位分辨性能。最后本文对四基元矢量水平阵列海试数据进行了处理,改进算法对窄带信号定向较常规算法-3 dB束宽减小了13°,旁瓣级降低约8 dB。对有一定带宽的行船辐射噪声定向处理得到了更加精确的航迹图,海试数据处理结果证明了该算法的可行性和有效性。     

The ultra narrow-band fiber grating filter

In this paper, we propose an ultra narrow band fiber grating filter which is composed of two optical circulators and two fiber Bragg gratings (FBG). Through numerical simulation and experiment investigation, a narrow-band output spectrum with 1064 nm center wavelength and 0.017 nm bandwidth is obtained. It may find a certain application in the fields of free space optic communication, laser tuning and so on as we believe.     

BOR-FDTD analysis of nonlinear Fiber Bragg grating and distributed Bragg resonator

Recently, nonlinear materials have attracted a great deal of attention because of their importance in designing new devices to meet a need range of optical systems. An intense investigation of the possibility of using these materials for all optical ultrafast applications is achieved by allowing their dielectric characteristics to be varied in such a way that a periodic perturbation of their refractive index along the length of the waveguide will be formed. The Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method, on the other hand, has been proven to be one of the most powerful numerical techniques that are usefully applied to a wide range of optical devices. In this paper, a FDTD technique, developed for nonlinear structures, is used to analyze a nonlinear waveguide and periodic nonlinear structures that exhibit attractive properties that make them suitable for novel devices with wavelength tunable characteristics. More specifically, the Bodies of Revolution (BOR) FDTD numerical simulation method will be used to model the fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) and the direct integration method will be employed to include the effect of Self Phase Modulation (SPM) in this model. The combination of these techniques will result in a model that is used to analyze two different types of periodic nonlinear structure, FBG and Distributed Bragg Resonator (DBR). The nonlinear effect provides the designer an added degree of design flexibility for devices with wavelength tunable characteristics, for example, in the design of tunable filters, WDM systems and optical sensors.     

Ammonia-treated N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine dihydrochloride as a novel matrix for rapid quantitative and qualitative determination of serum free fatty acids by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

The blood free fatty acids (FFAs), which provide energy to the cell and act as substrates in the synthesis of fats, lipoproteins, liposaccharides, and eicosanoids, involve in a number of important physiological processes. In the present study, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (MALDI-FTICR MS) with ammonia-treated N-(1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (ATNEDC) as a novel MALDI matrix in a negative ion mode was employed to directly quantify serum FFAs. Multiple point internal standard calibration curves between the concentration ratios of individual fatty acids to internal standard (IS, C_17:0) versus their corresponding intensity ratios were constructed for C_14:0, C_16:1, C_16:0, C_18:0, C_18:1, C_18:2, C_18:3, C_20:4, and C_22:6, respectively, in their mixture, with correlation coefficients between 0.991 and 0.999 and limits of detection (LODs) between 0.2 and 5.4 μM, along with the linear dynamic range of more than two orders of magnitude. The results indicate that the multiple point internal standard calibration could reduce the impact of ion suppression and improve quantification accuracy in the MALDI mode. The quantitative results of nine FFAs from 339 serum samples, including 161 healthy controls, 118 patients with hyperglycemia and 60 patients without hyperglycemia show that FFAs levels in hyperglycemic patient sera are significantly higher than those in healthy controls and patients without hyperglycemia, and elevated FFA levels are also associated with increased levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG) in hyperglycemic patient sera. Serum FFAs were identified on the basis of the observed accurate molecular masses and reliable isotope distributions obtained by MALDI-FTICR MS.     

FBG温度传感器探头的封装设计方案

提出了一种基于FBG(布拉格光纤光栅)温度传感器封装的新设计方案。一个密闭的容器被活塞分成两部分,一部分充满水银,另一部分抽成真空,两个完全一样的布拉格光纤光栅分别安装在活塞两边。当温度发生变化时,通过水银的热胀冷缩推动活塞移动,把温度的变化通过水银热胀冷缩转换成对光纤光栅的拉力和压力。而光纤光栅和金属外壳本身的热胀冷缩对两段布拉格光栅的影响是相同的,基本上可以相互抵消,因此,消除了温度和应力交叉敏感的问题。另外,理论分析表明该布拉格光纤光栅传感头的温度灵敏度可以达到2.83×10-4/℃。     

液腔耦合高灵敏度压电陶瓷水听器

提出一种利用液腔模态提高接收灵敏度的压电陶瓷标量水听器,称为液腔耦合水听器。该水听器用径向极化的压电陶瓷圆管作为敏感材料,将圆管的外侧壁和上下端面屏蔽而仅使其内侧壁接收声压信号。用\     

Calibration of high-frequency hydrophone up to 40 MHz by heterodyne interferometer

A calibration technique for high-frequency hydrophone utilizing a heterodyne interferometer is presented in this article. The calibration system is mainly composed of optical and signal processing modules. In the displacement measurement, a pellicle is mounted at the surface of water to avoid acousto-optical interaction. The phase modulated carrier signal is digitized and transferred to the computer, then processed by digital phase demodulation. A phase unwrapping algorithm is employed to remove ambiguity of the arctangent function and has proven effective in large displacement measurements. Pellicle displacement and voltage output of the hydrophone in focused ultrasonic field are processed by DFT to determine the amplitudes of the fundamental and harmonic components. Experiments show that the heterodyne technique can provide hydrophone calibration up to 40 MHz, with a slightly smaller sensitivity compared with the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) calibration results for most frequency ranges. Since the heterodyne technique is independent on assumptions about the geometry of the ultrasonic field and the performance of the transducer, it can be easily extended to high frequency and high power ultrasound measurement applications.     

Numerical investigation of ultrasound reflection and backscatter measurements in cancellous bone on various receiving areas

In this study, new ultrasound reflection and backscatter measurements in cancellous bone using a membrane-type hydrophone are proposed. A membrane hydrophone made of a piezoelectric polymer film mounted on an annular frame allows an incident ultrasound wave to pass through its aperture because it has no backing material. Therefore, in measurements using the membrane hydrophone, the receiving area could be located independently from the transmitting area. In addition, the size and shape of the receiving area, which corresponded to those of the electrode deposited on the piezoelectric film, could be arranged in various ways. To investigate the validity of the proposed measurements, before bench-top experiments, the reflected and backscattered waves from cancellous bone were numerically simulated using a finite-difference time-domain method. The reflection and backscatter parameters were measured on various receiving areas, and their correlation coefficients with the structural parameters in the cancellous bone were derived. The simulated results suggested that appropriate receiving areas for the reflection and backscatter measurements could exist and that the proposed measurements could be more effective for evaluating bone properties than conventional measurements.