低阻抗二极管产生的强流电子束能谱分布的数值模拟

 给出了低阻抗二极管产生的电子束能谱分布及外加磁场对二极管阻抗影响的数值模拟研究结果。结果表明，即使在外加电压恒定的条件下，二极管产生的电子束也具有一定的能谱分布，这说明用二极管电压、电流波形计算脉冲电子束能谱分布是不正确的。另外,外加磁场对低阻抗二极管的阻抗特性具有较大影响，其阻抗随外加磁场的增大而减小。分析认为这是由于外加磁场强度的变化改变了二极管中束电子的运动轨迹。当没有外加磁场或外加磁场较小时，低阻抗二极管产生的电子束发生自箍缩，此时二极管电流是自箍缩饱和顺位流；当外加磁场足够强时，电子束的自箍缩被抑制，二极管电流是没有箍缩时的空间电荷限制电流。束电流小于自箍缩临界电流的二极管其阻抗将不随外加磁场的变化而变化。     

A Generalized Unpaired Electron Spin Density Equation and Organic Hyperconjugation Mechanism

A large class of stereochemcial and related interactions in organic chemistry are repulsive and others are attractive, but the relative orientation of two methyl groups and the amount of energy required to twist one relative to the other (the hindered rotation energy barriers), or the alignment of such a group with respect to a conjugated ring to which it is attached (widely attributed to a mechanism called “hyperconjugation”) are estimated to be small in compared with the total energy of the molecule. We used theories of both isotropic and anisotropic proton hyperfine interactions in the π‐electron systems developed in the early sixties. They are approximated by the magnetic dipole nteractions between each proton and an electron spin magnetization that is distributed in 2s and 2p Slater atomic orbitals center on carbon atoms. We have extended these theories to the non‐planar olefinic cation radicals, which are very important in biochemistry as well as in petroleum catalysis. A three dimensional electron spin density equation has been developed in this paper to handle some Jahn‐Teller vibronic molecules. The new electron spin density equation related the observed proton hyperfine splittings to the non‐planar structures of the open‐chain alkene cation radicals generated by radiolysis and various chemical oxidation methods. The spin densities and the conformational calculations based on valence bond theory and symmetry principles are compared with some more elaborated molecular orbital calculations in the literature. The localized valence bond approaches are better in accord with our experimental results. The anomalous line‐width effect of the four methyl groups observed in the 2,3‐dimethyl‐2‐butene cation radicals also confirmed the positive sign of the electron‐proton hyperfine constant of hyper‐conjugation mechanism. A methyl substituent attached to a conjugated molecule often behaves as if it formed part of the region of conjugation; the charge appears to flow from the methyl group into the π electron system and it may also give rise to an appreciable dipole moment. Methylation also gives rise to an appreciable dipole moment, and the resultant red shift of electronic absorption bands is of some importance in the design of dye molecules.     

Nondispersive two-electron wave packets in driven helium

We provide a detailed quantum treatment of the spectral characteristics and of the dynamics of nondispersive two-electron wave packets along the periodically driven, collinear frozen planet configuration of helium. These highly correlated, long-lived wave packets arise as a quantum manifestation of regular islands in a mixed classical phase space, which are induced by nonlinear resonances between the external driving and the unperturbed dynamics of the frozen-planet configuration. Particular emphasis is given to the dependence of the ionization rates of the wave packet states on the driving field parameters and on the quantum mechanical phase space resolution, preceded by a comparison of 1D and 3D life times of the unperturbed frozen planet. Furthermore, we study the effect of a superimposed static electric field component, which, on the grounds of classical considerations, is expected to stabilize the real 3D dynamics against large (and possibly ionizing) deviations from collinearity. Received 7 November 2002 / Received in final form 2 December 2002 Published online 28 January 2003     

HL—1装置中心热区电子热传导初步分析

在电流及温度分布满足“不变性”原理的基础上,本文分析了等离子体中心热区的能量平衡,求出了电子热传导系数,根据实验数据拟合出HL-1装置电子热传导系数的定标关系为X_e=6.8(n_(eq1))~(-1.2)。此关系与其他托卡马克装置的结果类似。     

关于奇ATm核1/2+[411]转动带的系统分析

壳模型计算表明,1/2⁺[411]出现于¹⁵⁷Tm核的基态可能是由非轴对称形变造成的.但是新近从¹⁵⁷Yb衰变纲图给出的¹⁵⁷Tm低激发谱中,指认了一个建立在1/2⁺[411]带头上的基态转动带,并认为该带的性质是轴对称的,提取了该带的惯性参数与脱耦合参数.通过对奇ATm核1/2⁺[411]转动带的系统分析,强调了在¹⁵⁷Tm核中非轴对称γ自由度效应的重要性.     

Current R & D activities at TRCRE in polymer processing by EB

The current status of the R & D activities is presented on electron beam processing of polymers being carried out at TRCRE. Topics included are sterilization of medical products, graft polymers for selective separation or absorbents and curing of liquid prepolymer-monomer systems.     

Electron microscopy study of aggregation of microclusters of sulphur

A study of aggregation of sulphur particles in colloidal suspension of sulphur in water-methanol mixture using TEM and electron diffraction is reported. From the micrographs the aggregates formed have been found to be random and tenuous indicating a fractal structure. The electron diffraction patterns of the aggregates are used to study the mechanism of diffusion and reaction limited aggregation.     

摩擦离合器的数学模型及其算例

用力学分析的方法 ,建立了摩擦离合器的数学模型 ,求出了摩擦离合器中扭力弹簧的圈数 ,其计算值与实际值基本一致 .该模型对摩擦离合器的设计有一定的参考价值 .     

Evidence for the short-period oscillations in spin-resolved photoemission of thin Cr(110) films

The spin-resolved electronic structure of thin Cr overlayers on top of the Fe(110) surface was investigated by means of spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. The initial fast drop of photoelectron spin-polarization at the Fermi level, followed by weak oscillatory behavior with the period of about 2 ML, can give an evidence for the first time spectroscopic observation of the short period oscillations in (110)-oriented thin Cr films.     

Differential density matrix overlap: an index for assessment of electron correlation in atoms and molecules

Summary A new index, called the differential density matrix overlap (DDMO), is proposed for assessment of the electron correlation effects in atoms and molecules. DDMO can be easily calculated as the negative value of the correlation energy derivative with respect to the relative position of the occupied and virtual orbitals. DDMO is transparent to physical interpretation. It can serve as a tool for analyzing the accuracy of approximate electron correlation methods and the validity of the Hartree-Fock wavefunction as the zeroth-order approximation. The properties of DDMO are discussed using test calculations on 11 atoms and molecules as an example.