Corrosion behavior of low energy,high temperature nitrogen ion-implanted AISI 304 stainless steel

This work presents the results of a low-energy nitrogen ion implantation of AISI 304 type stainless steel (SS) at a moderate temperature of about 500°C. The nitrogen ions are extracted from a Kauffman-type ion source at an energy of 30 keV, and ion current density of 100 μA cm⁻². Nitrogen ion concentration of 6 × 10¹⁷, 8 × 10¹⁷ and 10¹⁸ ions cm⁻², were selected for our study. The X-ray diffraction results show the formation of CrN polycrystalline phase after nitrogen bombardment and a change of crystallinity due to the change in nitrogen ion concentration. The secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) results show the formation of CrN phases too. Corrosion test has shown that corrosion resistance is enhanced by increasing nitrogen ion concentration.      

FPGA中信号可靠性设计的方法研究

对FPGA程序设计中存在的信号抖动、相位差异以及在模块继承时不同时钟域引起的软件异常等可靠性设计问题,将目前常用的信号抖动抑制及判断方法进行了分析总结,提出了几种新的FPGA内部的信号处理方法;通过实验验证,这些方法对不同脉冲宽度、不同突发频率的随机干扰,能够进行有效抑制;通过合理降频、例化原语等方法优化软件设计,提高了FPGA输出信号的完整性和可靠性;在航天、航空和工业控制领域中,有效地解决了软件系统的可靠性问题,为建立可靠性高、运行稳定的软件系统创造了条件。     

菲涅耳深区散斑强度统计特性及演化

利用直透光波和高斯散斑场的叠加理论和基尔霍夫近似研究了菲涅耳深区散斑的构成,给出了菲涅耳深区散斑场及其强度概率密度和对比度的表达式.利用原子力显微镜测量的随机散射表面高度分布数据模拟菲涅耳深区不同散射距离处散斑,并计算绘出其强度概率密度和对比度曲线.理论与模拟相结合研究这两个统计函数的特征和直透光强所占比例的影响,以及它们随散射距离的演化规律.     

MOVPE growth and characterization of a ‐plane AlGaN over the entire composition range

We report the metal organic vapor phase epitaxy (MOVPE) growth and characterization of non‐polar (11 0) a ‐plane Al_x Ga_1–xN on (1 02) r ‐plane sapphire substrates over the entire composition range. Al_x Ga_1–xN samples with ～0.8 μm thick layers and with x = 0, 0.18, 0.38, 0.46, 0.66, and 1.0 have been grown on r ‐plane sapphire substrates. The layer quality can be improved by using a 3‐stage AlN nucleation layer and appropriate V/III ratio switching following nucleation. All a ‐plane AlGaN epilayers show an anisotropic in‐plane mosaicity, strongly influenced by Al incorporation and growth conditions. Careful lattice parameter measurements show anisotropic in‐plane strain that results in an orthorhombic distortion of the hexagonal unit cell, making Al composition determination from X‐ray diffraction difficult. In general lower Al incorporation is seen in a ‐plane epilayers compared to c ‐plane samples grown under the same conditions. (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Identification and spectra–structure determination of soil minerals: Raman study supported by IR spectroscopy and X‐ray powder diffraction

Raman and IR spectroscopy were used for the characterization of several minerals in morphologically similar vertisol sequences from Kiževak (Serbia). It helped us to establish the surface layer transition going from calcic vertisols (containing gypsum and calcite) to calcimagnesic vertisols (containing aragonite, magnesium‐calcite and dolomite) derived from peridotite and serpentinite. The observed band positions are found to be solely characteristic for each carbonate mineral and are used to discuss the main structural features of carbonates and sulfates present in the studied soil. It was found that the dolomite, calcite and aragonite concretions are present in the deepest layer of the soil, whereas the gypsum is found in the topsoil. The identification was confirmed of the carbonates having calcite and aragonite structure, and the representative from the sulfate group (gypsum) was confirmed by X‐ray powder diffraction. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Theoretical study of surface plasmons coupling in transition metallic alloy 2D binary grating

The excitation of a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) wave on a metal–air interface by a 2D diffraction grating is numerically investigated. The grating consists of homogeneous alloys of two metals of a formula A_xB_1−x, or three metals of a formula A_xB_yC_z, where A, B and C could be silver (Ag), copper (Cu), gold (Au) or aluminum (Al).It is observed that all the alloys of two metals present a very small change of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) irrespective of composition x. Moreover, the addition of 25% of Al to two metals alloy is insufficient to change the SPR curves. The influence of the different grating parameters is discussed in details using rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method. Furthermore, the SPR is highly dependent on grating periods (d_x and d_y) and the height of the grating h. The results reveal that d_x= d_y= 700 nm, h=40 nm and duty cycle w=0.5 are the optimal parameters for exciting SPP.     

Influence of hydrogen on structural and magnetic properties of the hexagonal Laves phase HoMn2

The HoMn₂ compound crystallizes in the cubic C15 or hexagonal C14 Laves phases depending on preparation. The effect of hydrogen absorption on structural and magnetic properties of HoMn₂H_x hydrides for the C14 phase has been investigated by XRD and AC/DC magnetometry in the temperature ranges of 75-380 K and 4-390 K, respectively. In addition to general features revealed by RMn₂H_x compounds (R=rare earth or Yttrium), unusual behavior of these hydrides was found. In particular, a transformation from the hexagonal to the monoclinic structure was detected, the same as that observed for cubic HoMn₂H_x compounds. The structural transformations are correlated to the magnetic behavior. The presented results are compared mainly with the properties of the cubic HoMn₂H_x hydrides as well as with those of other RMn₂H_x hydrides. Tentative magnetic and structural phase diagrams are proposed.     

Neutron scattering study on CeAgAs2

CeAgAs₂, an HfCuSi₂ like layered pnictide, orders antiferromagnetically at T_N=6.2(1) K. The ordering process was monitored in neutron diffraction experiments in the temperature range 10 K≥T≥3.5 K. At T=4 K the lattice parameters are a=5.7438(1) Å, b=5.7696(1) Å and c=21.0067(2) Å. The diffraction pattern of the antiferromagnetic phase with a propagation vector k=[0,0,0] point towards ferromagnetically ordered moments in Ce layers stacked along [001], the individual layers are coupled antiferromagnetically with a +− −+type sequence. The alignment of moments within the Ce layers cannot be determined reliably from the experimental data so that two different structure models are discussed. The proposed metamagnetic transition was confirmed by diffraction experiments applying an external magnetic field at T<T_N. In the interval 4 K≤T≤6 K, a relatively small field of μ₀H≈0.3 T suffices to fully suppress the antiferromagnetic ordering. The effect is completely reversible yet subject to hysteresis: After switching off the external field at any T<T_N the magnetic reflections gain their original intensity within several 10 min indicating the restoring of the antiferromagnetic phase.     

单色仪转角重复精度的相位板衍射准直方法测量

为准确测量上海光源软X射线谱学显微光束线采用的变包含角平面光栅单色仪的转角重复精度,提出了一种新的基于相位板衍射准直技术的测量方法.该方法将半导体激光单模光纤和相位板衍射准直技术结合起来,利用面阵CCD采集图像,通过测量光斑的位移变化确定平面镜和光栅的角度变化.实验表明.该方法可以测量掠入射情况下单色仪联动时的转角重复精度,测量精度可达士0.1",此测量精度优于同等实验条件下的商用ELCOMAT 3000自准直仪的测量精度.