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91.
Luis L. Bonilla 《Journal of statistical physics》1987,46(3-4):659-678
A nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation is derived to describe the cooperative behavior of general stochastic systems interacting via mean-field couplings, in the limit of an infinite number of such systems. Disordered systems are also considered. In the weak-noise limit; a general result yields the possibility of having bifurcations from stationary solutions of the nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation into stable time-dependent solutions. The latter are interpreted as non-equilibrium probability distributions (states), and the bifurcations to them as nonequilibrium phase transitions. In the thermodynamic limit, results for three models are given for illustrative purposes. A model of self-synchronization of nonlinear oscillators presents a Hopf bifurcation to a time-periodic probability density, which can be analyzed for any value of the noise. The effects of disorder are illustrated by a simplified version of the Sompolinsky-Zippelius model of spin-glasses. Finally, results for the Fukuyama-Lee-Fisher model of charge-density waves are given. A singular perturbation analysis shows that the depinning transition is a bifurcation problem modified by the disorder noise due to impurities. Far from the bifurcation point, the CDW is either pinned or free, obeying (to leading order) the Grüner-Zawadowki-Chaikin equation. Near the bifurcation, the disorder noise drastically modifies the pattern, giving a quenched average of the CDW current which is constant. Critical exponents are found to depend on the noise, and they are larger than Fisher's values for the two probability distributions considered. 相似文献
92.
Peter Naur 《BIT Numerical Mathematics》1986,26(2):175-187
The questions raised by A. M. Turing in his paper on thought and machines are discussed. Human thought is considered in turn as a concept of normal language usage, as a basic concept of psychology, and as the basis of intellectual activity. It is concluded that neither of these notions of thought identifies something specific that a human being can or cannot do. The imitation game proposed by Turing for deciding whether a machine can think is found to result from an arbitrary empoverishment of the channel of communication between the interrogator and the item under investigation. Turing's notions of thinking are shown to lead to logical difficulties. An alternative view of consciousness, that would place it beyond the reach of any finite test, is finally discussed. 相似文献
93.
S. Pumplün 《manuscripta mathematica》1998,97(1):93-108
For a Brauer–Severi variety X over a field k of characteristic not two, every symmetric bilinear space over X up to Witt equivalence is defined over k.
Received: 2 February 1998 相似文献
94.
We investigate several versions of a cardinal characteristic defined by Frankiewicz. Vojtáš showed , and Blass showed . We show that all the versions coincide and that is greater than or equal to the splitting number. We prove the consistency of and of .
Received: 2 October 1996 / Revised version: 22 May 1997 相似文献
95.
96.
Genkai Zhang 《manuscripta mathematica》1998,97(3):371-388
Let X=G
* be a compact Hermitian symmetric space. We study the Berezin transform on L
2(X) and calculate its spectrum under the decomposition of L
2(X) into the irreducible representations of G
*. As applications we find the expansion of powers of the canonical polynomial (Bergman reproducing kernel for the canonical
line bundle) in terms of the spherical polynomials on X, and we find the irreducible decomposition of tensor products of Bergman spaces on X.
Received: 10 September 1996 / Revised version: 10 September 1997 相似文献
97.
In [5] Phillips proved that one can obtain the additive group of any nonstandard model *? of the ring ? of integers by using a linear mod 1 function h : F ?, where F is the α-dimensional vector space over ? when α is the cardinality of *?. In this connection it arises the question whether there are linear mod 1 functions which are neither addition nor quasi-linear. We prove that this is the case. 相似文献
98.
同步荧光法测定食品中维生素B1 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文研究了食品中维生素B1的同步荧光法测定条件,采用氯化钾-乙醇作柱层析洗脱液,碱性介质中氧化后立即调为中性,并加入表面活性剂OP对体系增稳增敏,取代丁醇萃取,经济方便,用于几种粮食样品的测定,结果满意。 相似文献
99.
E. Hatta H. Hosoi H. Akiyama T. Ishii K. Mukasa 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》1998,2(3):347-349
We have observed a remarkable two-armed spiral in the collapse process of a floating monolayer at the air-water interface
by phase contrast microscopy. This demonstrates that the floating monolayer as a form of soft condensed matter reorganizes
itself due to a certain kind of macroscopic or collective behavior of molecules as it collapses. This pattern formation is
caused by the breakdown of a critical dynamical balance between the deformation of solid domain and the applied surface pressure.
The fragility as well as the flexibility of the floating monolayer can be associated with the observed pattern growth. There
are also observed interesting, periodically arranged collections of molecules in numerous collapsed regions.
Received: 8 July 1997 / Accepted: 4 November 1997 相似文献
100.
Summary. We present a simple proof, based on modified logarithmic Sobolev inequalities, of Talagrand’s concentration inequality for
the exponential distribution. We actually observe that every measure satisfying a Poincaré inequality shares the same concentration
phenomenon. We also discuss exponential integrability under Poincaré inequalities and its consequence to sharp diameter upper
bounds on spectral gaps.
Received: 10 June 1996 / In revised form: 9 August 1996 相似文献