折/衍混合的红外双视场光学系统设计

为了实现红外双视场光学系统两个视场间的快速切换,同时满足便携式及易安装的需求,设计了一种轻量化的折/衍混合红外双视场光学系统.系统采用折/衍混合和二次成像光学结构,利用光学设计软件对系统进行优化,评价了系统的像质,分析了系统温度补偿问题并给出其温度调焦曲线.系统工作波长为3.7～4.8 μm,能实现120 mm/60 mm两档焦距变换.设计结果表明,冷光阑效率达到100%,在探测器的Nyquist频率33 lp/mm处,轴外视场光学系统的调制传递函数大于0.3,系统光学总长为200 mm.整个系统包括7块透镜,只需移动一片透镜就能完成双视场的转换,结构简单,实现了轻量化和高质量成像.     

架构于双树轮廓波方向及相位特征的纹理图像分割

考虑到纹理的方向及相位特性,提出一种基于双树轮廓波变换的纹理图像分割新方法.双树轮廓波由塔型双树方向滤波器组构建,它不仅保持了轮廓波灵活的方向选择性,克服了传统轮廓波不具有移不变性的缺点,而且提供了复子带系数.本文以各方向子带的能量作为方向特征,复系数的平均相角作为相位特征,生成特征向量,利用模糊C均值聚类算法进行纹理图像分割.实验结果表明,相位特征是方向特征的有效补充,与传统方法相比,该方法在分割错误率、边缘准确性以及区域一致性等方面均有明显的改善.     

Infinitely many small solutions for a modified nonlinear Schrödinger equations

In the present paper, we study the Modified Nonlinear Schrödinger Equations (MNSE). Without any growth condition on the nonlinear term, we obtain the existence of infinitely many small solutions for MNSE by a dual approach.     

Banach空间中广义正交分解定理与广义正交可补子空间

本文首先将 Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ空间中的Ｒｉｅｓｚ正交分解定理推广到 Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间,得到 Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间广义正交分解定理．然后,利用此定理讨论由Ｊａｍｅｓ Ｒ．Ｃ．［１］引入的Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间中正交概念及 Ｎａｓｈｅｄ Ｍ．Ｚ．［２］引入的 Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间中（广义）正交可补子空间,得到判别子空间广义正交可补的充分必要条件,并由此给出Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ空间的一个新特征．     

Artinian Serial Modules over Commutative (or,Left Noetherian) Rings are at Most One Step Away from Being Noetherian

We introduce and study the concept of dual perfect dimension which is a Krull-like dimension extension of the concept of acc on finitely generated submodules. We observe some basic facts for modules with this dimension, which are similar to the basic properties of modules with Noetherian dimension. For Artinian serial modules, we show that these two dimensions coincide. Consequently, we prove that the Noetherian dimension of non-Noetherian Artinian serial modules over the rings of the title is 1.     

An original ultrasonic reaction with dual coaxial frequencies for biomass processing

An advanced dual frequency ultrasonic coaxial reactor enabling simultaneously low and high frequencies irradiating in the same direction was developed to focus both mechanical and chemical effects on a concentrated area. The prototype was straightforward employed for the conversion of a starch-based industrial waste into sugars.     

多通道超声相控阵驱动控制系统设计

低强度经颅聚焦超声是一种利用脉冲聚焦超声调控脑神经元的治疗技术。为抑制人颅骨的非均质性和个体结构差异影响,须对多阵元相控阵聚焦换能器的各阵元进行参数调控实现经颅精准定位聚焦,各阵元参数调控需通过相位控制和驱动电路系统来实现。该文设计并搭建了一种基于直接数字式频率合成技术的多通道相位、幅值独立可调的相控驱动系统。实测结果表明,可实现正弦波和方波高精度相控输出,输出信号电压峰峰值在0~37.5 V可调,相位分辨率为0.1°,延时误差小于1 ns,可满足多阵元相控阵聚焦换能器驱动及其所需相位分辨率的需要。     

用于研究大气氧化过程和机制的双反应器烟雾箱的评估和应用

设计并搭建了一个新的双反应器烟雾箱, 用于研究可生成臭氧或二次有机气溶胶(SOAs)的大气氧化过程. 该烟雾箱包括一个绝热的箱体及其内部两个体积为5 m³的氟化乙丙烯(FEP)薄膜反应器, 箱内的温度可以精确控制在-10到40 ℃之间. 利用该烟雾箱研究了光源对丙烯气相氧化机理的影响, 发现相对于传统的黑光灯光源, 采用的多重光源所得到的结果可以与模型更好地匹配. 进行了丙烯和间二甲苯的光氧化的初步实验, 发现该烟雾箱可用于模拟可产生臭氧或SOAs的气相氧化过程, 并可以通过不同初始浓度的对比实验找寻不同物种对反应过程的影响. 间二甲苯在不同NO_x条件下光氧化得到的SOA产率与之前的研究比较符合, 这表明该烟雾箱可以实现气-粒转化过程的模拟. 双反应器可以实现在一个关键条件的存在区别, 而其他条件完全一致的情况下的对比实验, 从而帮助我们进一步理解在大气复合污染过程中起关键作用的因素.     

Detection of single-molecule DNA hybridization by using dual-color total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy

We examined the use of prism-type simultaneous dual-color total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) to probe DNA molecules at the single-molecule level. The system allowed the direct detection of the complementary interactions between single-stranded probe DNA molecules (16-mer) and various lengths of single-stranded target DNA molecules (16-mer and 55-mer) that had been labeled with different fluorescent dyes (Cy3, Cy5, and fluorescein). The polymer-modified glass substrate and the extent of DNA probe immobilization were easily characterized either with standard TIRFM or with atomic force microscopy. However, only dual-color TIRFM could provide unambiguous images of individual single-stranded target DNA molecules hybridized with the correct sequence in the range of fM–aM. Succinic anhydride showed low RMS roughness and was found to be an optimal blocking reagent against non-specific adsorption, with an efficiency of 92%. This study provides a benchmark for directly monitoring the interactions and the detection of co-localization of two different DNA molecules and can be applied to the development of a nanoarray biochip at the single-molecule level.     

Pyrolyzed Photoresist Carbon Electrodes for Microchip Electrophoresis with Dual‐Electrode Amperometric Detection

The fabrication and evaluation of pyrolyzed photoresist films (PPF) for microchip capillary electrophoresis (CE) with dual‐electrode electrochemical (EC) detection is described. The sensitivity, linearity, and reproducibility were evaluated using catecholamines and related compounds, including dopamine (DA), 5‐hydroxyindole‐3‐acetic acid (5‐HIAA), ascorbic acid (AA), and catechol. Initial studies with DA show the response of the PPF electrodes to be linear between 25 and 500 μM (r²=0.999) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5 μM (S/N=3) and sensitivity of 5.8 pA/μM. Selectivity was further enhanced by employing dual‐electrode detection in the series configuration for detection of species exhibiting chemically reversible redox reactions.