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881.
882.
为了实现红外双视场光学系统两个视场间的快速切换,同时满足便携式及易安装的需求,设计了一种轻量化的折/衍混合红外双视场光学系统.系统采用折/衍混合和二次成像光学结构,利用光学设计软件对系统进行优化,评价了系统的像质,分析了系统温度补偿问题并给出其温度调焦曲线.系统工作波长为3.7~4.8 μm,能实现120 mm/60 mm两档焦距变换.设计结果表明,冷光阑效率达到100%,在探测器的Nyquist频率33 lp/mm处,轴外视场光学系统的调制传递函数大于0.3,系统光学总长为200 mm.整个系统包括7块透镜,只需移动一片透镜就能完成双视场的转换,结构简单,实现了轻量化和高质量成像. 相似文献
883.
The feasibility of increasing by a factor of two the data speed of the semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA)-based ultrafast nonlinear interferometer in dual rail switching mode by means of a cascaded optical delay interferometer (ODI) is explored and shown through numerical simulation. From the theoretical analysis it has been found that such extension cannot be done without employing this passive element for any selection of the critical parameters but the SOA carrier lifetime, for which the requirements are yet very demanding. If, however, the time delay introduced by the ODI is adjusted to almost 1/3rd of the bit period, then the result of Boolean XOR operation can be improved for a specified range of parameter values, which can be further selected to be more relaxed than is possible when the ODI is not being used. The use of the ODI allows both error-free and pattern-free performance at the output of the interferometric structure configured as ultrafast XOR gate. In this manner the scheme can offer a practical alternative solution for extending the operating rate of this logical module and enabling its exploitation as a basic building unit in more sophisticated all-optical circuits and subsystems. 相似文献
884.
In this paper, a novel configuration of a wavelength converter is set forth by utilizing a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) as a nonlinear gain medium to generate a four-wave mixing (FWM) effect by using a dual wavelength bi-erbium-doped fiber laser that uses an Arrayed Waveguide Grating (AWG) together with two optical channel selector (OSC) as selective elements to function as a dual wavelength switchable pump power. The four-wave mixing (FWM) is produced with a wavelength detuning of 7 nm from the pump and signal which used is as the converted signal at wavelength 1532.8 nm or 1534.5 nm for transferring data from the input signal at wavelength 1547.0 nm. Thus, even though the conversion efficiency is as low as −43 dB, it is still possible for applications as a wavelength converter. 相似文献
885.
The optical feedback characteristics in a Zeeman-birefringence HeNe laser have been studied systematically when the external cavity varies in a large range. The intensity variations of the two orthogonally polarized lights are observed during the laser cavity tuning in the dual frequency laser. When the external cavity length is an integral multiple of the laser cavity length, either polarized light's intensity modulation depth varies not obviously when the laser works in dual modes conditions or single mode condition. But when the external cavity length is far away from an integral multiple of the laser cavity length and the laser works in different dual modes conditions, polarized light's intensity modulation depth varies obviously. This characteristic can guide us to tune the laser to work in single mode condition to improve the sensitivity of the optical system when the system is used for a large displacement measurement. It can also be used for measuring the position of the target mirror. The theoretical analysis is in good agreement with experimental results. 相似文献
886.
887.
Ergün AS 《Ultrasonics》2011,51(7):786-794
Focused ultrasound therapy relies on acoustic power absorption by tissue. The stronger the absorption the higher the temperature increase is. However, strong acoustic absorption also means faster attenuation and limited penetration depth. Hence, there is a trade-off between heat generation efficacy and penetration depth. In this paper, we formulated the acoustic power absorption as a function of frequency and attenuation coefficient, and defined two figures of merit to measure the power absorption: spatial peak of the acoustic power absorption density, and the acoustic power absorbed within the focal area. Then, we derived “rule of thumb” expressions for the optimum frequencies that maximized these figures of merit given the target depth and homogeneous tissue type. We also formulated a method to calculate the optimum frequency for inhomogeneous tissue given the tissue composition for situations where the tissue structure can be assumed to be made of parallel layers of homogeneous tissue. We checked the validity of the rules using linear acoustic field simulations. For a one-dimensional array of 4 cm acoustic aperture, and for a two-dimensional array of 4 × 4 cm2 acoustic aperture, we found that the power absorbed within the focal area is maximized at 0.86 MHz, and 0.79 MHz, respectively, when the target depth is 4 cm in muscle tissue. The rules on the other hand predicted the optimum frequencies for acoustic power absorption as 0.9 MHz and 0.86 MHz, respectively for the 1D and 2D array case, which are within 6% and 9% of the field simulation results. Because radiation force generated by an acoustic wave in a lossy propagation medium is approximately proportional to the acoustic power absorption, these rules can be used to maximize acoustic radiation force generated in tissue as well. 相似文献
888.
Vanessa de Freitas Cunha Lins Laureanny MadeiraJose Mario Carneiro Vilela Margareth Spangler AndradeVicente Tadeu Lopes Buono Juliana Porto GuimarãesEvandro de Azevedo Alvarenga 《Applied Surface Science》2011,257(13):5871-5878
Hot galvanized steels have been extensively used in the automotive industry. Selective oxidation on the steel surface affects the wettability of zinc on steel and the grain orientation of inhibition layer (Fe-Al-Zn alloy) and reduces the iron diffusion to the zinc layer. The aim of this work is to identify and quantify selective oxidation on the surface of a dual phase steel, and an experimental steel with a lower content of manganese, annealed at different dew points. The techniques employed were atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy. External selective oxidation was observed for phosphorus on steel surface annealed at 0 °C dp, and for manganese, silicon, and aluminum at a lower dew point. The concentration of manganese was higher on the dual phase steel surface than on the surface of the experimental steel. The concentration of molybdenum on the surface of both steels increased as the depth increased. 相似文献
889.
890.
In this paper, dual reciprocity (DR) boundary element method (BEM) is reformulated using new radial basis function (RBF) to approximate the inhomogeneous term of Navier’s differential equation (i.e., inertia term). This new RBF, which is in the form of exp(iωr), is called complex Fourier RBF hereafter. The present RBF has simultaneously collected the properties of Gaussian and real Fourier RBF reported in literature together. Consequently, this promising feature has provided more robustness and potency of the proposed method. The required kernels for displacement and traction particular solutions are derived by employing the method of variation of parameters. As some terms of these kernels are singular, a new simple smoothing trick is employed to resolve the singularity problem. Moreover, the limiting values of relevant kernels are evaluated. The validity, accuracy, and strength of the present formulation are illustrated throughout several numerical examples. The numerical results show that the proposed complex Fourier RBF represents more accurate solutions, using less degree of freedom compared to other RBFs available in the literature. 相似文献