面内位移测量的激光多普勒信号研究

在利用激光多普勒效应进行远距离处固体面内位移测量时，散射光的多普勒信号强度、信噪比及信号质量是位移测量的极重要参量，它们直接影响位移测量的距离和精度。为此研究了激光多普勒差动方法、锁相放大、数字滤波等技术，设计出能获得最好结果的差动光路以及高灵敏度、高Q值的锁相放大器和能重构丢失信号的同态滤波系统等，实现了50m处固体面内位移测量，其最大相对误差可以达到1.5％。     

经阴道多普勒彩色超声联合血清人绒毛膜促性腺激素对子宫瘢痕妊娠的诊断价值分析

本研究拟探讨经阴道多普勒彩色超声联合血清人绒毛膜促性腺激素(β-HCG)对子宫瘢痕妊娠(CSP)的诊断价值。选取2018年4月~2019年4月于我院妇产科就诊的疑似子宫瘢痕妊娠患者56例作为研究对象,同时行阴道多普勒彩色超声和血清β-HCG水平检查,经手术和(或)病理组织学检查确诊。结果显示,CSP患者经阴道多普勒彩色超声特征征象包括子宫前壁下段肌层可见孕囊、孕囊与膀胱之间的子宫肌层变薄、孕囊周边高速低阻信号。CSP患者48 h血清β-HCG增加幅度低于非CSP患者(t=7.425,P=0.000)。48 h血清β-HCG增加幅度的ROC曲线下面积为0.919,最优界值为64.22%,此时诊断的敏感度为80.00%,特异性为88.90%。与手术和(或)病理检查相比,单一诊断和联合诊断的一致性均较好,且对CSP的诊断的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、准确率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两种检查手段可以互为参考,降低误诊率与漏诊率。     

Doppler-broadened line shapes of atomic hydrogen in a parallel-plate radio frequency discharge

Doppler-shifted atomic hydrogen emission (Balmer ) is observed from a low-frequency rf discharge through molecular hydrogen by collecting the light through a hole in one of the electrodes. Doppler shifts as large as 0.7 nm, corresponding to an energy of 540 eV or 85% of the peak applied voltage, are observed when ions are accelerated by the sheath electric field. The mechanisms for hot atom production are discussed in terms of both gas-phase and surface ion-impact phenomena. Hot atoms are produced via gas-phase ion-atom and ion-molecule collisions, as a result of simultaneous neutralization and reflection of ions at the electrode surface, and/or by sputtering of adsorbed hydrogen. As much as 30% of the atomic hydrogen emission is substantially Doppler shifted, indicating that most of the atomic emission in the sheaths is actually produced by ion impact and not by electron impact.     

Holographic particle image velocimetry: analysis using a conjugate reconstruction geometry

Holographic recording techniques have recently been studied as a means to extend two-component, planar particle image velocimetry (PIV) techniques for three-component, whole-field velocity measurements. In a similar manner to two-component PIV, three-component, holographic PIV (HPIV) uses correlation-based techniques to extract particle displacement fields from double-exposure holograms. Since a holographic image contains information concerning both the phase and the amplitude of the scattered field it is possible to correlate either the intensity or the complex amplitude. In previous work we have shown that optical methods to compute the autocorrelation of the complex amplitude are inherently more tolerant to aberrations introduced in the reconstruction process, Coupland, Halliwell, Proc. Roy. Soc. 453 (1960) (1997) 1066. In this paper we introduce a new method of holographic recording and reconstruction that allows a constant image shift to be introduced to the particle image displacement. The technique, which we call conjugate reconstruction, resolves directional ambiguity and extends the dynamic range of HPIV. The theory of this method is examined in detail and a relationship between the image and object displacement is derived. Experimental verification of the theory is presented.     

原子廓线激光多普勒测速仪

论述了用原子滤波器的透射率廓线测量激光多普勒频移的直接检测方法和理论，报道了基于这个方法的一个原理性实验。实验采用二极管泵浦的连续倍频Ｎｄ；ＹＡＧ激光器作为发射器，和一个温控的透射率翼宽为３８０ＭＨＺ的碘滤波器作为多普勒频移检测器件进行了转透速度的测量。     

激光多普勒测速实验虚拟仿真及硬件改进

针对传统激光多普勒测速实验系统中硬件采样率有限及多普勒信号自动化处理性能较弱的问题,本文开展了实验系统虚拟仿真及硬件改进.利用Unity 3D和Matlab Apps对实验内容及其信号处理方法进行了建模,通过虚拟仿真的开发,学生可更深入地了解实验系统的细节;采用LabVIEW编程和数字示波器组建了便捷的自动化高速数据采...     

频移分离型三维激光多普勒测速仪研究

研究一种采用频移分离方法的新型三维激光多普勒测速仪（３ＤＬＤＶ）。该仪器以单色Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光器和单只光电探测器并配合简单的光学发射和接收系统即实现了三维速度分量的同时测量。三个分量的速度信号由声光调制器引入的三种光学频移区分，通过电子滤波器完成信号的相互分离。在光学发射系统设计中采用独特的单轴四光束结构，通过光束组合形成三双光束差动模式的激光多普勒测速仪光。本文中还给出了该仪器的系统设计参数并分析     

双Fabry-Perot标准具在直接测风激光雷达系统中的应用与分析

 简叙了双Fabry-Perot标准具在自行研制的测风激光雷达中检测多普勒频移的原理,给出了测风激光雷达系统的参数,对入射光束的入射角和发散角对标准具频谱曲线的影响进行了分析和稳定性实验,结果显示在短期内不稳定性带来的风速测量误差仅为0.016 m/s。测定了双标准具的频谱曲线,通过对标准具频谱曲线的分析显示:测量误差在测量的动态范围内随着速度的增大而增大,随着测量脉冲次数的增加而减少,同时速度的测量误差随着高度的增加而加大,在5 km时最大测量速度误差为0.6 m/s。     

瑞利散射多普勒激光雷达风场反演方法

介绍了瑞利散射多普勒激光雷达的风场探测原理和系统结构. 给出了Fabry-Perot(FP)标准具透过率曲线的校准方法. 指出对透过率采用Lorentz或Voigt拟合会产生较大误差,特别是采用Lorentz拟合最大将引起8%的误差. 提出了采用非线性最小二乘法拟合标准具的透过率函数,该方法可以有效消除拟合误差,提高风速测量精度. 考虑到温度不确定度在风场反演过程中的主导影响,提出了同时反演风速和大气温度的非线性迭代算法. 风场反演仿真试验结果表明:在不考虑米散射信号的影响下,该反演算法与传统的反演方法相 关键词： 激光雷达 瑞利散射 多普勒 风     

Noticeable positive Doppler effect on optical bistability in an N-type active Raman gain atomic system

We theoretically investigate the Doppler effect on optical bistability in an N-type active Raman gain atomic system inside an optical ring cavity.It is shown that the Doppler effect can greatly enhance the dispersion and thus create the bistable behaviour or greatly increase the bistable region,which has been known as the positive Doppler effect on optical bistability.In addition,we find that a positive Doppler effect can change optical bistability from the hybrid dispersion-gain type to a dispersive type.