基于CARS技术的超燃冲压发动机点火过程温度测量

相干anti-Stokes Raman散射（coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering,CARS）技术作为一种非接触测量手段,已广泛应用于多种发动机模型燃烧室温度测量及地面试验.然而,目前的工作主要集中在稳态燃烧场温度的测量,缺乏用高分辨率的单脉冲来测量瞬变的燃烧火焰温度及组分浓度的研究.基于CARS理论,结合多参数拟合算法,开发了基于MATLAB的CARS光谱计算和拟合程序CARSCF;利用McKenna平面火焰炉在不同工况下进行了温度测量,并与DLR测量结果进行对比,结果显示开发的CARSCF具有较高的测量重复性和准确性;最后将CARS技术应用于测量超燃冲压发动机点火过程中的温度测量,获取了点火过程中的温度.结果显示,在来流Mach数为3的条件下,H₂/air点火过程中温度呈现急剧上升然后缓慢下降,而CARS信号则呈现急剧上升然后急剧下降随后又缓慢上升的趋势,并且在点火过程中最高温度为1 511 K.      

低喷淋密度超亲水表面水平管降液膜温度分布

水平管降液膜蒸发广泛应用在石油、化工、海水淡化等领域,对低喷淋密度温度演化规律的研究有助于拓宽其应用范围,理解其微观机理。本文在超亲水表面上结合红外热追踪技术,对水平管降液膜表面的温度演化规律进行了研究,分析了温度分区现象和温升规律。实验中首次发现了马鞍形液膜内部的高温环状结构,并结合三维数值模拟揭示了掺混作用导致的局部高温环状结构形成的内部机理。     

Diffraction mode selection in planar Bragg resonators of optical and microwave wavelength ranges

Using the coupled waves approach complemented by the time-domain quasi-optical approximation, we solve a 2D diffraction problem which allows to evaluate the eigenfrequencies, quality factors and spatial structures of eigenmodes in planar Bragg resonators with a finite length and width of the corrugated area. We find the values of the Fresnel parameter determined by the geometrical dimensions of the system which allows for efficient transverse mode discrimination due to the larger diffraction losses of the modes with higher transverse numbers.     

强度解调型光纤光栅温度传感实验

光纤光栅在工程上应用广泛,但由于存在解调系统复杂、成本高,尤其是需要使用光纤光谱仪等波长解调仪器,使得光纤光栅很难走入本科教学的实验课堂.本文提出了一种基于窄线宽DFB激光器的强度解调方案,极大地简化了光纤光栅传感器的解调系统,完全满足较高分辨率和实时检测的系统要求.合理安排的温度传感实验可以非常直观地展示光纤光栅的线性传感性能,使得工程化的光纤光栅传感技术轻松走进本科教学课堂,具有极高的推广和应用潜力.     

油-气-水三相流超声传感器持气率测量*

为探索油-气-水三相流持气率测量难题,该文开展了脉冲透射式超声传感器持气率测量动态实验研究。首先,利用超声传感器与光纤传感器组合,测取了油-气-水三相流中段塞流、混状流、泡状流的响应信号;其次,提取了超声脉冲信号的最大值序列来反映不同流型时超声传感器响应特性,同时,借助双头光纤传感器与相关测速法,计算得到了流体中气泡弦长序列;最后,结合流型与泡径信息,利用超声传感器测量了不同流型下持气率,并分析了不同流型持气率预测的误差来源,为其他油-气-水三相流持气率测量传感器设计提供了借鉴。     

Noncontact atomic force microscopy: Bond imaging and beyond

It was a long-cherished dream for chemists to take a direct look at chemical bonding, a fundamental component of chemistry. This dream was finally accomplished by the state-of-the-art noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) equipped with qPlus force sensors and carbon monoxide (CO) functionalized tips. The resolved interconnectivity between atoms and molecules in NC-AFM frequency shift images is interpreted as chemical bonding, providing essential knowledge of the bond length, bond angle and even bond order. The featured contrast of different chemical bonds can serve as fingerprints for further interpretation of chemical structures toward unknown species synthesized on surfaces. This breakthrough enriches characterization tools for surface science and brings our understanding of on-surface reactions to a new level. Beyond bond imaging, the application of NC-AFM has been extended to quantifying interatomic interactions, identifying three-dimensional nanostructures, manipulating molecules and reactions, as well as determining molecular electronic characteristics. Moreover, some recent efforts address the improvement of the usability and versatility of the bond-resolved NC-AFM technique, including high-resolution molecular investigation on bulk insulators, application-specific tip modification, stable bond imaging above liquid helium temperature and autonomous experimentation implemented by artificial intelligence.     

alb聚铝离子稳定性的温度效应及硫酸盐沉淀形态

alb聚铝离子;稳定性;温度效应;硫酸盐沉淀;al-ferron络合比色法     

分子印迹电化学传感器的研究进展

本文综述了分子印迹电化学传感器的制备及其在电分析化学领域中的应用研究。引用文献83篇。     

微观结构对溶胶-凝胶法合成的La0.67Sr0.33MnO3电磁性能影响

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同烧结温度的钙钛矿类锰氧化物La0.67Sr0.33MnO3样品。实验结果表明,在1573 K以上烧结的样品,晶粒出现异常长大,晶界效应明显。随着烧结温度的提高,磁化强度逐渐增大,但样品的居里温度基本不变。此外,在1173和1573 K温度下烧结的样品,均出现了低于居里温度的金属-半导体导电行为转变。在合适的烧结条件下,可以观察到隧道磁电阻(TMR)和超大磁电阻(CMR)2种磁电阻效应。实验表明,自旋电子的输运,不仅与样品平均粒径的大小和密度有关,而且与晶界的微观结构有密切关系。     

Analysis of the temperature dependence of the high-frequency EMR spectra of Mn ions in the lithium-ion battery material LiMn<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript>

This paper deals with the analysis of the temperature dependence of high-frequency EMR (HF-EMR) spectra due to Mn³⁺ and Mn⁴⁺ ions in the lithium manganese spinel LiMn₂O₄. A range of powder samples obtained by the sol-gel method with calcinations in several temperature ranges were prepared for this study. Based on the initial characterization carried out by a number of techniques, the physicochemical and structural properties of the samples were earlier determined. Independently, temperature magnetization and HF-EMR measurements were carried out. The EMR spectra vary strongly between samples, indicating possible structural or chemical changes. Quantitative analysis of the temperature dependence of the HF-EMR spectra due to Mn³⁺ and Mn⁴⁺ ions in LiMn₂O₄ is presented in this paper. The spectral analysis concerns the line shape, linewidth, intensity and g-factors. Fittings using the Lorentzian spectral shape and, to a certain extent, the Gaussian spectral shape have been carried out in order to parameterize the temperature dependence of the HF-EMR spectra. This parameterization of the HF-EMR experimental data enables a deeper characterization of the samples. Subsequently, a better insight into the role of the Mn³⁺ and Mn⁴⁺ ions in accounting for the characteristics most suitable for application of LiMn₂O₄ as a cathode material may be gained.