The Potential of 2-Substituted Quinolines as Antileishmanial Drug Candidates

There is a need for new, cost-effective drugs to treat leishmaniasis. A strategy based on traditional medicine practiced in Bolivia led to the discovery of the 2-substituted quinoline series as a source of molecules with antileishmanial activity and low toxicity. This review documents the development of the series from the first isolated natural compounds through several hundred synthetized molecules to an optimized compound exhibiting an in vitro IC₅₀ value of 0.2 µM against Leishmania donovani, and a selectivity index value of 187, together with in vivo activity on the L. donovani/hamster model. Attempts to establish structure–activity relationships are described, as well as studies that have attempted to determine the mechanism of action. For the latter, it appears that molecules of this series act on multiple targets, possibly including the immune system, which could explain the observed lack of drug resistance after in vitro drug pressure. We also show how nanotechnology strategies could valorize these drugs through adapted formulations and how a mechanistic targeting approach could generate new compounds with increased activity.     

One physical problem with possible mathematical significance

We analyze three-dimensional gauge theory with Chern-Simons action, which arises in the context of high T_c superconductivity. We show that the main effect in this theory is the change of spin and statistics of charged particles. Also, the amplitudes of particle propagation acquire phases dependent on the topology of the knot formed by their trajectories. In the end, we discuss possible generalizations of this theory, and their relations to strings.     

数学建模活动对培养人才的作用

文章论述建模活动对培养人才的作用 ,对专科院校高等数学教学改革具有启发性 .     

新型交叉孔道式平板热管的性能研究

提出了一种设计交叉孔道式平板热管的新思路,按照这种方法设计加工的新型结构的平板热管均热器具有较强的轴向和径向导热能力,能明显减小导热热阻;特殊的孔道结构增强了毛细作用力,能有效强化相变换热。实验测试了不同热流密度和不同充液率下该热管正常工作时的稳态温度分布,给出了不同充液率和不同热流下的热阻,得到了热管的最佳充液率,证...     

Novel conductance step in carbon nanotube with wing-like zigzag graphene nanoribbons

Connecting one armchair carbon nanotube(CNT) to several zigzag graphene nanoribbons(ZGNRs) we find that the topologically-protected edge states of ZGNRs and the massless Dirac particle inherited from CNT still hold from the analysis of the band structure and the edge state. Furthermore, the lowest conductance step at the valley bottom increases proportionally with increasing the number of ZGNR wings. A novel conductance step of a peak occurs in the valley, which is two steps higher than the lowest step at the valley bottom. In addition, with increasing the number of ZGNR wings the width of the novel conductance step becomes narrow.     

QCD equation of state for heavy ion collisions

In this work, we calculate the equation of state(EoS) of quark gluon-plasma(QGP) using the CornwallJackiw-Tomboulis(CJT) effective action. We get the quark propagator by using the rank-1 separable model within the framework of the Dyson-Schwinger equations(DSEs). The results from CJT effective action are compared with lattice QCD data. We find that, when μ is small, our results generally fit the lattice QCD data when TT_c,but show deviations at and below T_c. It can be concluded that the EoS of CJT is reliable when TT_c. Then,by adopting the hydrodynamic code UVH2+1, we compare the CJT results of the multiplicity and elliptic flow v2 with the PHENIX data and the results from the original EoS in UVH2+1. While the CJT results of multiplicities generally match the original UVH2+1 results and fit the experimental data, the CJT results of v2 are slightly larger than the original UVH2+1 results for centralities smaller than 40% and smaller than the original UVH2+1 results for higher centralities.     

Stability of equilibrium solutions of a double power reaction-diffusion equation with a Dirac interaction

In this paper, information about the instability of equilibrium solutions of a nonlinear family of localized reaction-diffusion equations in dimension one is provided. More precisely, explicit formulas to the equilibrium solutions are computed and, via analytic perturbation theory, the exact number of positive eigenvalues of the linear operator associated to the stability problem is analyzed. In addition, sufficient conditions for blow up of the solutions of the equation are also discussed.     

Gap opening and tuning in single-layer graphene with combined electric and magnetic field modulation

The energy band structure of single-layer graphene under one-dimensional electric and magnetic field modulation is theoretically investigated. The criterion for bandgap opening at the Dirac point is analytically derived with a two-fold degeneracy second-order perturbation method. It is shown that a direct or an indirect bandgap semiconductor could be realized in a single-layer graphene under some specific configurations of the electric and magnetic field arrangement. Due to the bandgap generated in the single-layer graphene,the Klein tunneling observed in pristine graphene is completely suppressed.