Successive Pursuit with a Bounded Detection Domain

We study a coplanar model of the successive pursuit of two evaders with unlimited turn rates of the players and a bounded detection domain of a pursuer. Involved in catching the first evader, the pursuer may lose sight of the other. In this case, it must search later for the lost evader in the plane. We describe two guaranteed pursuit strategies obtained as solutions of differential games. Both strategies include a two-stage strategy to shorten to a specified quantity the distance to the nearer evader, and a two-stage strategy to search and capture the other.The strategies are distinguished by their search plans. First, coalition is pursued as a whole. Then, to minimize an uncertainty index, the pursuer approaches the first evader using the strategy of successive pursuit with the unmoved second evader at its last observed position. Subsequently, the pursuer moves directly to that position of the second evader, or according to the more complex plan, alternates between traversing a straight line and arcs of logarithmic spirals. After detection, the remaining evader is captured with the use of a simple pursuit strategy.The barriers fit the strategies. We call them approximate, since they bound the states where the pursuer succeeds with the guaranteed (but not optimal as in the case of ordinary barriers) strategies. These barriers are surfaces of constant values of a special game of degree. The more complex search plan secures a wider winning area.Geometrical interpretations and some numerical results for a set of parameters of the game are provided.     

脉冲梯度增强技术的初步研究

自行研制一套脉冲梯度场系统,配合Bruker公司MSL 300谱仪研究脉冲梯度增强的高分辨核磁共振,研制以PC/286为核心的梯度脉冲波形和幅度可任意调节的梯度场发生器;改装谱仪的¹H液体探头、增加梯度场线图.分析了脉冲梯度场产生的涡流磁场的影响;报道了利用自制梯度场系统进行的脉冲梯度增强的高分辨COSY实验.     

邻醌式同系物的DSC研究

丹参(Salvia miltirrohiza)和红根草(S.Prionitis)均含有治疗冠心病有效成分—丹参酮Ⅱ-A等二萜醌类化合物,它们的扩冠作用,抑制血小板聚集,抑菌等活性常与该类化合物的结构、晶型、极性、溶解度、熔点有密切的相关性,如前报所述A环为脂环的化合物其熔化热低于芳环的化合物.丹参中的丹参醌Ⅱ-A(1),丹参醌Ⅱ-B(2)和红根草邻醌(3),其抗菌和抗肿瘤活性强度是3>2>1,为探究其晶型结构与药效的内在联系,本文对该类化     

DNA纤维热变性过程的差示扫描量热分析

鲱精ＤＮＡ纤维的差示扫描量热（ＤＳＣ）谱中，除存在一个高温区的变性峰以外，还有３个低温区的吸热峰，类似于蛋白质ＤＳＣ分析中出现的“变性前峰”。经过２５３１５Ｋ（－２０℃）冻结处理的ＤＮＡ纤维，空间结构稳定性提高，变性前峰峰温增加４～８Ｋ。冻结与非冻结两类样品中，变性前峰的焓值分别为－１０２５３和－７７６５ｋＪ·ｍｏｌ－１。作者探讨了ＤＮＡ变性前峰的成因，并认为ＤＮＡ变性过程中的多元性可能与碱基序列特异性有关。     

Kinetics of thermite reaction in Al-Fe2O3 system

After non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction experiments are carried out, the reaction kinetics of Al-Fe₂O₃ system is analyzed by a model-free Starink method. In our study, activation energy was determined as 145 kJ/mol for 8Al-3Fe₂O₃ thermite reaction, the value is comparable to the activation energy for diffusion of Al in FeAl₂O₄ and is less than the activation energy for diffusion of Al in Fe₃Al, suggesting that the diffusion of Al into FeAl₂O₄ controls the product of the thermite reaction.     

人工网络法计算累积稳定常数和化学形态

用前馈线性网络法的不同算法计算了水体系中Ｐｂ＾２＋与ＯＨ之间的累积稳定常数，并比较了各种算法的特点，根据计算得到的累积稳定常数，用反馈网络法计算了水溶液中Ｐｂ＾２＋和种化学形态的浓度，△ＥＰ随ＰＨ变化的模拟曲线，讨论了影响模拟结果的原因，结果表明，测量误差在４〈ＰＨ〈９时，ＣＯ３＾２对Ｐｂ＾２＋形态分布有明显的影响，在实验误差范围内，可以忽略的影响。     

Voltammetry of a Novel Antimycobacterial Agent 1‐Hydroxy‐N‐(4‐nitrophenyl)naphthalene‐2‐carboxamide in a Single Drop of a Solution

The aim of this study is the development of a miniaturized voltammetric method for the determination of an antimycobacterial agent 1‐hydroxy‐N‐(4‐nitrophenyl)naphthalene‐2‐carboxamide (HNN) in a single drop (20 μL) of a solution by cathodic and anodic voltammetry at a glassy carbon electrode. Cyclic voltammetry was used to investigate its redox properties followed by the optimization of differential pulse voltammetric determination in a regular 10 mL volume. The optimal medium for the analytical application of both cathodic and anodic voltammetry was found to be Britton‐Robinson buffer pH 7.0 and dimethyl sulfoxide (9 : 1, v/v). HNN gave one cathodic peak at around −0.6 V and one anodic peak at around +0.2 V vs. Ag|AgCl (3 mol L⁻¹ KCl) reference electrode. Determination of HNN in a 10 mL volume gave the limit of quantification around 10 nmol L⁻¹ by both adsorptive stripping anodic and cathodic voltammetry. Afterwards, miniaturized voltammetric methods in a single drop of solution (20 μL) were investigated. This approach requested some modifications of the cell design and voltammetric procedures. A novel method of removing dissolved oxygen in a single drop had to be developed and tested. Developed miniaturized voltammetric methods gave parameters comparable to the determination of HNN in 10 mL. The applicability of the miniaturized method was verified by the determination of HNN in a drop of a bacterial growth medium.     

Graphene Doped Mn2O3 Nanofibers as a Facile Electroanalytical DNA Point Mutation Detection Platform for Early Diagnosis of Breast/Ovarian Cancer

This paper demonstrates a simple, label‐free detection methodology for detecting single point DNA mutations. Single point mutation detection is a key enabler for diagnosis and prevention of several genetic disorders that manifest into cancers. Specifically for this purpose, herein, an electrochemical biosensor utilizing electrospun graphene doped manganese III oxide nanofibers (GMnO) is developed. The charge transfer resistance offered by GMnO is extremely sensitive to the localized change in the conductivity. This sensitivity, attributed to the low band gap of Mn₂O₃ and high charge transfer kinetics of graphene, is explored in the proposed mutation detection platform. As a proof of concept, ultrasensitive detection of BRCA1 gene specific point mutation is demonstrated. The target specific single stranded probe DNA is immobilized onto GMnO modified glassy carbon working electrodes via chemisorption. Post target‐DNA hybridization, differential pulse voltammetry is employed to facilitate detection of targeted point mutation, wherein, difference in peak currents is used to distinguish the target DNA as normal or mutant. Efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated against a target concentration ranging from 10 pM−1 μM. With respect to the mutated target DNA, the LoD of the proposed device is found to be 0.8±0.069 pM. The proposed approach can be extended for detecting any mutation/hybridization of interest by simply adapting an appropriate functionalization protocol.     

Dating Archaeological Strata in the Magna Mater Temple Using Solid‐state Voltammetric Analysis of Leaded Bronze Coins

The application of solid state electrochemistry techniques for dating archaeological strata using lead‐containing bronze coins is described. The proposed methodology was applied to samples coming from the Roman archaeological site of Magna Mater Temple (Rome, Italy) occurring in different strata dating back between the second half and the end of the 4^th century A.D. and the 20^th century. The voltammetric signatures of copper and lead corrosion products in contact with aqueous acetate buffer, as well as the catalytic effects produced on the hydrogen evolution reaction, were used for establishing the age of different strata and dating coins belonging to unknown age. Voltammetric data were consistent with a theoretical approximation based on a potential rate law for the corrosion process.