不同精度格式的格子Boltzmann热模型的传热分析

通过在格子Boltzmann (LBM)热模型中添加参数项,使得在对应的宏观传热方程中,消除了一阶非线性误差项,具备二阶精度.通过Rayleigh-Benard对流数值试算,初步探索该二阶精度格式及其对应的一阶精度格式三个热模型的传热特征和适应性,并做出相应对比分析.针对一二阶精度模型在Ra数极高或热传导系数极大时,Nu数的计算与经验值相比出现较大偏差,分析LBM对应宏观热传导方程的截断误差后,在平衡分布函数中引进一个调节因子.通过调节对应宏观传热方程的截断误差项系数,校正Nu数的计算偏差,提高模拟精度,拓展模拟范围,增强了LBM作为一个数值方法在传热中的适应性.     

无富集进样原子荧光光谱法测定地表水中的痕量汞

通过增大样品进样量的方式,样品进样量是标准进样量的10-100倍,降低了汞的检出限,从而达到了无富集直接进样测定地表水中痕量汞.其检出限为0.008μg/L;浓度为0.05μg/L和0.10μg/L左右的有证标准物质测定均值分别为0.0483μg/L和0.1016μg/L,加标回收率为92.3％和95.2％.灵敏度高,精密度好,能达到准确定量Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类地表水汞(0.05μg/L以下)的要求.对汉江湖北段水样进行测定,在较洁净的地表水分析中,氧化还原处理后与酸化水样测定结果差异不大,处理后水样结果略微增大.建议对较洁净的地表水样品将氧化还原预处理步骤省略掉,直接进样.     

用荧光探针签别CYP2C9*3基因

用一种基激复合物荧光探针系统来签别碱基错配的CYP2C9*3基因,该系统选择两个分开的与靶点碱基相对应的12碱基荧光标记的寡核苷酸作为探针,分别对24碱基、47碱基、质粒(3165bp)的靶点CYP2C9基因和CYP2C9*3基因进行杂交配对,结果该基激复合物荧光探针系统能有效签别各种长度的CYP2C9基因和CYP2C9*3基因,背景干扰很低,灵敏度高,可尝试用于其他基因型的遗传多态性的签别。     

反演波段对DOAS测量大气中O3的性能影响研究

臭氧(O3)浓度通常被认为是一个地方污染水平的基准,所以其绝对值的准确性至关藿要.在差分光学吸收光谱技术(DOAS)对O3的测量过程中,光谱反演波段的选择可直接决定O3浓度的测量准确度.文章主要研究了在不同光谱波段O3特征吸收结构和差分光学厚度(D')的不同,在不同光谱波段O3浓度反演的干扰来源以及影响程度,确定了实际检测时大气消光对不同波段光强的影响,最后通过对多种污染物标准气体进行了同时临测,计算出标准气体在不同光谱分辨率不同O3浓度时的测量误差,确定了对O3的最适用光谱波段范围.在此波段既能够实现对痕量气体的准确定性定量,又能达到测量所需要的高灵敏度,强选择性和适用的时间分辨率.     

A high-order discontinuous Galerkin method for wave propagation through coupled elastic–acoustic media

We introduce a high-order discontinuous Galerkin (dG) scheme for the numerical solution of three-dimensional (3D) wave propagation problems in coupled elastic–acoustic media. A velocity–strain formulation is used, which allows for the solution of the acoustic and elastic wave equations within the same unified framework. Careful attention is directed at the derivation of a numerical flux that preserves high-order accuracy in the presence of material discontinuities, including elastic–acoustic interfaces. Explicit expressions for the 3D upwind numerical flux, derived as an exact solution for the relevant Riemann problem, are provided. The method supports h-non-conforming meshes, which are particularly effective at allowing local adaptation of the mesh size to resolve strong contrasts in the local wavelength, as well as dynamic adaptivity to track solution features. The use of high-order elements controls numerical dispersion, enabling propagation over many wave periods. We prove consistency and stability of the proposed dG scheme. To study the numerical accuracy and convergence of the proposed method, we compare against analytical solutions for wave propagation problems with interfaces, including Rayleigh, Lamb, Scholte, and Stoneley waves as well as plane waves impinging on an elastic–acoustic interface. Spectral rates of convergence are demonstrated for these problems, which include a non-conforming mesh case. Finally, we present scalability results for a parallel implementation of the proposed high-order dG scheme for large-scale seismic wave propagation in a simplified earth model, demonstrating high parallel efficiency for strong scaling to the full size of the Jaguar Cray XT5 supercomputer.     

Spectroscopic and Binding Properties of Berberine to DNA and Its Application to DNA Detection

Berberine(BER) binds to the double helical DNA with a high affinity There is only a much smaller hypochromism and no shifts in the absorption spectra when BER binds to calf thymus DNA(CT DNA) The fluorescence yields increase dramatically when BER binds to DNA, with no shifts in the emission maximum. These spectral changes are in contrast to the behavior observed with many fluorescent intercalates Groove binding rather than intercalation was suggested to be the cause of these spectral changes. Consistent with groove binding, for polyamide anion quenching studies showed that the magnitude of K_sv of the bound BER was higher than that of the free BER. The addition of salt to the solution releases the DNA-bound drug action from the groove and causes a decrease in the fluorescence yield. The results of all above studies proved the groove binding of BER to DNA. The large fluorescence enhancements observed when BER binds to DNA and the poor fluorescence yield of BER in the absence of DNA can be used for sensitive detection of DNA The linear concentration range was 0–20μg/ml The limit of detection for CT DNA was 12 ng/ml     

地基多孔径成像系统验证实验设计

基于工程实践中高分辨率目标成像技术的需求,讨论了光学合成孔径成像技术的成像原理以及在提高成像分辨率方面的优越性,阐述了国内外在相关领域取得的科研成果及存在的技术难点。在现有加工工艺及装调检测条件下,设计了基于两个子望远镜的合成孔径成像实验。以斐索型多孔径望远镜为研究对象,从几何光学理论出发,讨论了地基斐索型合成孔径成像系统实验的可行性。分析实验中关键组件的调整精度,提出了合成孔径成像系统精确成像的方案。实验中设计了分辨率±0.03mm的微调机构来保证系统获得清晰的像,并使用分辨率达到0.05μm的压电直线精密驱动器来保证两束光相位同步。分析结果表明,本文设计的地基多孔径成像系统实验切实可行,可得到合成孔径成像系统分辨率的确切值,为进一步研究合成孔径成像系统奠定了基础。     

一种提高轨道精度的改进姿态控制技术

针对我国长征系列火箭普遍存在的残骸落点普遍较理论落点靠前的现象,开展多次飞行数据的比较,结果发现一级上升段内火箭的飞行速度、位置与设计预示值之间的偏差存在极性稳定、幅值增加增大的特点,尤其是Y向速度偏差甚至超过5%,远大于预期值;本文针对该现象开展机理分析,最终确认现在长征系列火箭普遍采用的“姿态角偏差+角速度”控制方案对程序角持续变化的工况存在幅值及极性较为稳定的静差,该角偏差持续作用下,将导致X向和Y向速度及位置偏差;针对该机理,探索、比较潜在的解决措施,最终确定采用实现简便、控制效果好的“姿态角偏差+角速度偏差”双偏差姿态控制方案;仿真结果表明,双偏差姿态控制方案能显著提高助残骸落点精度及段轨道精度、降低气动载荷,有利于火箭飞行品质的提升。     

基于增益调制的激光成像准确度研究

微通道板电压与增益对数理论上呈线性关系,为了更接近实际情况,根据已知的微通道板电压与增益对数的函数关系选取一组线性数据点,并在其基础上加一组随机数作为波动,得到新的电压与增益对数的关系,获得指数拟合公式,用于还原目标的距离信息.对成像准确度进行理论分析,结果表明成像准确度与系统信噪比和增益调制函数有关,且信噪比越高,距离准确度越高.测量了微通道板增益与电压的关系曲线,在不同电压条件下照射同一距离同一目标得到回波图像,利用不同电压下回波图像灰度值之比得到相对增益之比.分别在恒定增益和调制增益下,对距离成像系统60m的目标进行成像,利用增益曲线对所得的图像进行处理,准确还原出目标的距离信息,准确度达到分米量级.     

Second Order Unconditionally Stable and Convergent Linearized Scheme for a Fluid-Fluid Interaction Model

In this paper, a fully discrete finite element scheme with second-order temporal accuracy is proposed for a fluid-fluid interaction model, which consists of two Navier-Stokes equations coupled by a linear interface condition. The proposed fully discrete scheme is a combination of a mixed finite element approximation for spatial discretization, the second-order backward differentiation formula for temporal discretization, the second-order Gear's extrapolation approach for the interface terms and extrapolated treatments in linearization for the nonlinear terms. Moreover, the unconditional stability is established by rigorous analysis and error estimate for the fully discrete scheme is also derived. Finally, some numerical experiments are carried out to verify the theoretical results and illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed scheme.