聚酰胺-胺树形分子与染料相互作用的分光光度法研究

采用分光光度法对酯端基的半代聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)树形分子与直接湖蓝5B染料之间的相互作用进行了研究。发现静电相互作用和非极性相互作用同时存在,但静电相互作用起主要作用。半代树形分子导致直接湖蓝5B染料分子采取一定的定向排列,从而引起染料吸收光谱的变化。用分子激子理论对实验现象进行了解释。     

含树枝状大分子PAMAM的苯乙烯乳液聚合

将树枝状大分子PAMAM (4 5代 )作为种子 ,以苯乙烯为代表性单体进行乳液聚合 .研究结果表明 ,加入树枝状大分子PAMAM时 ,所制得的聚合物乳液粒子平均粒径在 30～ 5 0nm之间 ,小于 10 0nm ,且大小分布均匀 ;所制备的聚合物在 16 70cm- 1 左右处出现酰胺的特征吸收峰 ,在 330 0cm- 1 左右处出现N—H伸缩振动特征峰 ;说明树枝状大分子PAMAM起到种子的作用 ,所制备的聚合物含树枝状大分子PAMAM .     

聚酰胺-胺接枝PPO-PEO两亲嵌段树状分子的合成与表面性质

合成了一系列以1.0 代(G1)聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)为核心、以聚环氧丙烷-聚环氧乙烷(PPO-PEO)为辐射臂的新型树状分子, 通过傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱、质谱(MS)、核磁共振谱(1H NMR)和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)等方法对其结构进行了表征与分析. 用表面张力与稳态荧光法对其表面性质与聚集行为进行研究, 结果表明, 临界聚集浓度(CAC)随PPO-PEO两亲嵌段长度的增加而增大, 同时聚集体的生成对芘探针有增溶作用, 并使其微环境的极性明显减弱. 通过动态激光光散射(DLS)法得到聚集体的尺寸分布均为窄分布, 其平均尺寸约为100 nm. 对该体系水溶液pH效应的研究发现, 两亲嵌段的长度对于质子化进程有着较大影响.     

Cu2+对树状大分子PAMAM-FCD荧光性能的影响

以小分子2-芴醛(FCD)修饰树状大分子聚酰胺-氨PAMAM, 合成了1~3代树状大分子PAMAM-FCD, 用IR, 1H NMR和MALDI-TOF-MS等手段表征了化合物结构, 研究了Cu2+浓度对其荧光及紫外性能的影响. 结果表明, Cu2+可使其荧光强度和紫外吸收不同程度地增强. 在紫外光谱中, Cu2+自身的吸收峰消失, 表明Cu2+参与配位. PAMAM-FCD有望成为蓝光区荧光材料及树状大分子-铜杂化材料.     

Static and Dynamic Bimolecular Fluorescence Quenching of Porphyrin Dendrimers in Solution

The fluorescence quenching kinetics of two porphyrin dendrimer series (GnTPPH(2) and GnPZn) by different type of quenchers is reported. The microenvironment surrounding the core in GnPZn was probing by core-quencher interactions using benzimidazole. The dependence of quencher binding constant (K ( a )) on generation indicates the presence of a weak interaction between branches and the core of the porphyrin dendrimer. The similar free volume in dendrimers of third and fourth generation suggests that structural collapse in high generations occurs by packing of the dendrimer peripheral layer. Dynamic fluorescence quenching of the porphyrin core by 1,3-dicyanomethylene-2-methyl-2-pentyl-indan (PDCMI) in GnTPPH(2) is a distance dependent electron transfer process with an exponential attenuation factor beta = 0.33 A(-1). The quenching by 1,2-dibromobenzene occurs by diffusion process of the quencher toward to the porphyrin core, and its rate constant is practically independent of dendrimer generation.     

温度敏感型树枝状大分子衍生物的合成及药物控制释放

通过加入偶联剂活化末端羧基基团进行酰胺化反应, 将得到的带有羧基末端基团的温敏性聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺接枝到整代的树枝状大分子聚酰胺-胺(PAMAM)上, 制备了树枝状大分子衍生物PAMAM-g-PNIPAm, 通过FTIR和¹H NMR表征其结构, 通过GPC和¹H NMR测定其分子量, 从而验证了接枝产物的形成; 通过紫外-可见分光光度计测定其在不同pH值缓冲液中的低临界溶胀/溶解温度(LCST)值, 发现产物的LCST值受缓冲液pH值的影响很大, 接枝前后的LCST值也发生了变化. 选用难溶性药物吲哚美辛作为模型药物, 考察了树枝状大分子及其温度敏感性衍生物PAMAM-g-PNIPAm作为载体对药物的包载、增溶和不同温度环境下的释放行为. 结果表明, 树枝状大分子衍生物对吲哚美辛具有增溶和控制释放的性能, 在难溶性药物的控制释放领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

Dendrimer Modified Thiolated Gold Surfaces as Sensor Devices for Halogenated Alkyl‐Carboxylic Acids in Aqueous Medium. A Promising New Type of Surfaces for Electroanalytical Applications

Thiolated gold electrodes bearing either carboxylic or amino terminal groups were exposed to dilute PAMAM dendrimer aqueous solutions in which the ramified polymers have the complementary opposite charge. The novel interfaces that result from dendrimer electrostatic aggregation, were then probed as electrochemical sensors for three halogenated carboxylic acid compounds in aqueous solution. The results show an increased sensitivity for the electrochemical detection of the three acids using the modified surfaces as compared to bare gold electrodes. The use of this type of novel interfacial architecture, is presented as a potentially new and important approach for the development of electroanalytical sensors for the detection of organic contaminants in water.     

Organoiron activation combined with electron- and proton transfer: implications in biology, organic synthesis, catalysis and nanosciences

This Account summarizes the results obtained in our research group on the intra- and intermolecular organoiron activation of substrates by combining the coordination of arenes by CpFe^+/0 and electron and/or proton transfer. The concepts involved are those of electron and proton reservoirs, activation of O₂ by single electron transfer in solution, mimic and inhibition of the reactivity of superoxide radical anion, materials synthesis (for instance fullerene anions), electronic communication between two metals connected by a hydrocarbon bridge, activation of arene ligands for multiple functionalization, giant dendrimer synthesis and electron transfer in catalysis (redox and electron-transfer-chain).     

The synthesis of calix[4]crown based dendrimer

A second generation of dendrimer with calixcrown as repeat unit was first synthesized. Its structure and conformation was determined by ¹H NMR and MALDI-TOF mass spectra.     

Interdigitated Conductometric Immunosensor for Determination of Interleukin‐6 in Humans Based on Dendrimer G4 and Colloidal Gold Modified Composite Film

A highly sensitive, fast and stable conductometric immunosensor for determination of interleukin‐6 (IL6) in humans is developed by encapsulation of horseradish peroxidase‐labeled interleukin‐6 antibody (HRP‐anti‐IL6) in poly(amidoamine) fourth‐generation dendrimer (dendrimer) and colloidal gold (nanogold) modified composite architecture. The presences of nanogold and dendrimer provided a congenial microenvironment for the immobilized biomolecules and decreased the electron transfer impedance, leading to a direct electrochemical behavior of the immobilized HRP. The formation of the antibody‐antigen complex by a simple one‐step immunoreaction between the immobilized HRP‐anti‐IL6 and IL6 in sample solution introduced a barrier of direct electrical communication between the immobilized HRP and the gold electrode surface, thus local conductivity variations could be detected by the HRP electrocatalytic reaction in 0.02 M phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) containing 50 μM H₂O₂, 0.01 M KI and 0.15 M NaC1. Under optimal conditions, the proposed immunosensor exhibited a good conductometric response to IL6 in a linear range from 30 to 300 pg/mL with a relatively low detection limit of 10 pg/mL at 3δ. The precision and reproducibility are acceptable with the intra‐assay CV of 7.3% and 5.6% at 100 and 200 pg/mL IL6, respectively. The storage stability of the proposed immunosensor is acceptable in a pH 7.0 PBS at 4 °C for 8 days. Importantly, the proposed methodology could be extended to the detection of other antigens or biocompounds.