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81.
Hamilton equations based not only upon the Poincaré–Cartan equivalent of a first-order Lagrangian, but also upon its Lepagean equivalent are investigated. Lagrangians which are singular within the Hamilton–De Donder theory, but regularizable in this generalized sense are studied. Legendre transformation for regularizable Lagrangians is proposed and Hamilton equations, equivalent with the Euler–Lagrange equations, are found. It is shown that all Lagrangians affine or quadratic in the first derivatives of the field variables are regularizable. The Dirac field and the electromagnetic field are discussed in detail. 相似文献
82.
Suppose that { f(n), n N
0
} is a sequence of positive real numbers and suppose that the sequence { a(n), n N
0
} is given by a(0) = 0, and, for n 1, by the convolution equation nf(n) = a* f(n). The resulting sequence is denoted by a(n) =
f
(n) and is called the De Pril transform of { f(n), n N
0
} . In this paper, we consider first- and second-order asymptotic behavior of {
f
(n), n N
0
} for a large class of subexponential sequences { f(n), n N
0
} . We also discuss some applications. 相似文献
83.
A. C. de la Torre A. Daleo 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2000,8(2):165-168
Two types of particles, A and B with their corresponding antiparticles, are defined in a onedimensional cyclic lattice with an odd number of sites. In each
step of time evolution, each particle acts as a source for the polarization field of the other type of particle with nonlocal
action but with an effect decreasing with the distance: . It is shown that the combined distribution of these particles obeys the time evolution of a free particle as given by quantum
mechanics. 相似文献
84.
M. K. Pandey R. K. Dubey D. N. Tripathi 《The European Physical Journal D - Atomic, Molecular, Optical and Plasma Physics》2007,41(2):275-279
The Classical Trajectory Monte Carlo (CTMC) Method has
been used to calculate the differential, partial and total single electron
capture cross sections for the collision of H+/D+ with Ca and Mg
atoms in the energy range of 1–100 keV. The differential cross sections
at angles near the diffraction limit (<0.1○) in both systems
show a forward peak followed by an asymptotic fall at higher angles. Total
and partial capture cross sections are found to be in good agreement with
the experimental observations. Oscillations in the partial capture cross sections have been explained due to the swapping
of the field electron.
Isotope effect in the electron transfer is reported to be negligible. 相似文献
85.
A. Maeyens J. Tempere 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2007,58(3):231-236
We consider a superconducting material that exists in the liquid state, more
precisely, in which the Meissner-Ochsenfeld effect persists in the liquid
state. First, we investigate how the shape of such a hypothetical Meissner
liquid will adapt to accomodate for an applied external field. In particular,
we analyse the case of a droplet of Meissner fluid, and compute the elongation
of the droplet and its quadrupole frequency as a function of the applied
field. Next, the influence of an applied field on the flow of the liquid is
studied for the case of a surface wave. We derive the dispersion relation for
surface waves on an incompressible Meissner fluid. We discuss some candidate
realizations of the Meissner fluids and for the case of a superconducting
colloid discuss which regime of wave lengths would be most affected by the
Meissner effect. 相似文献
86.
The Einstein–Podolsky–Rosen–Bohm (EPRB) experiment performed with random variable and spatially separated analyzers is a milestone
test in the controversy between Objective Local Theories (OLT) and Quantum Mechanics (QM). Only a few OLT are still possible.
Some of the surviving OLT (specifically, the so called non-ergodic theories) would be undetectable in the averaged statistical
values, but they may leave their trace in the time dynamics. For, while QM predicts random processes, the OLT of this kind
predict the existence of regularities that may be revealed as a low dimensional object in the phase space. We perform a numerical
analysis of the time-resolved data recorded in that experiment to unveil any hypothetical low dimensional dynamics that may
be present. We find no consistent indication of such dynamics except for one data file, the longest of all in the real time.
The possible causes of these dynamics are discussed.
相似文献
87.
Paul Halpern 《Physics in Perspective (PIP)》2007,9(4):390-405
I examine the changing attitudes of Oskar Klein (1894–1977) and Albert Einstein (1879–1955) toward the notion of extending
general relativity by an extra dimension with the aim of encompassing electromagnetism and gravitation in a unified field
theory. I show how Klein developed his model of five-dimensional unification with the goal of explaining the discreteness
of atomic energy levels, and how Einstein later embraced that goal. By examining the correspondence between Klein and Einstein,
some of which was relayed through Paul Ehrenfest (1880–1933), I speculate that Klein’s work helped motivate Einstein to explore
deterministic five-dimensional theories as a potential alternative to probabilistic quantum mechanics. Finally, I consider
the contributions of Wolfgang Pauli (1900–1958) to the subject and elucidate his role in convincing Klein and Einstein that
their models were not viable.
Paul Halpern is Professor of Physics at the University of the Sciences in Philadelphia. He currently is a member of the Executive
Committee of the Forum on the History of Physics of the American Physical Society. 相似文献
88.
G. A. Miller 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2007,31(4):578-584
The discovery more than twenty years ago, by the EMC Collaboration, that the deep-inelastic-scattering DIS structure functions
are influenced by the nuclear environment stunned the nuclear physics community and brought quarks and gluons into the field
with great impact. A great length of time has passed, but despite a semi-infinite number of papers on the subject, there is
no explanation that is universally accepted. Many models (related in one way or another to QCD) have been successful in reproducing
data for deep inelastic scattering on nuclear targets, but fewer have described both the DIS and nuclear Drell-Yan experiments.
Although there are some positive indications, no model has been used to predict correctly and unambiguously new independent
phenomena. We review the history and discuss the best experimental prospects for future discovery. 相似文献
89.
90.
H. Mardanpour H. R. Amir-Ahmadi A. Deltuva K. Itoh N. Kalantar-Nayestanaki T. Kawabata H. Kuboki Y. Maeda J. G. Messchendorp S. Sakaguchi H. Sakai N. Sakamoto Y. Sasamoto M. Sasano K. Sekiguchi K. Suda Y. Takahashi T. Uesaka H. Witała K. Yako 《The European Physical Journal A - Hadrons and Nuclei》2007,31(3):383-391
High-precision vector and tensor analyzing powers of elastic deuteron-proton ( d + p) scattering have been measured at intermediate energies to investigate effects of three-nucleon forces. Angular distributions
in the range of 70°-120° in the center-of mass frame for incident-deuteron energies E
d
lab = 130 and 180 MeV were obtained using the RIKEN facility. The beam polarization was unambiguously determined by measuring
the ^12C (d, α)^10B(2+) reaction at 0°. Results of the measurements are compared with state-of-the-art three-nucleon calculations. The present modeling of nucleon-nucleon
forces and its extension to the three-nucleon system is not sufficient to describe the high-precision data consistently and
requires, therefore, further investigation. 相似文献