低温粘接技术的应用及热应力分析

介绍了低温粘接技术在 SQU ID无磁杜瓦及其它领域中的应用。热应力分析是粘接技术中的一个重要问题 ,文中综述了粘接的热应力分析研究情况     

低温直立管道中两相自然循环流动过程的数值计算

由于低温系统中直立管中喷泉现象对系统的危害有两点 :一是水锤冲击 ,二是系统卸压影响。文中建立了低温直立管两相自然循环流动模型 ,并且对喷泉过程进行数值仿真计算 ,给出汽弹的大小和汽弹涌出管段破灭的时间间隔。数值计算结果为分析低温输液系统安全性提供基础     

EAST降温实验中HTS电流引线的降温操作与自动控制

EAST装置的8对铜电流引线于2007年升级改造为HTS电流引线。基于改造后的冷却回路和降温操作经验,在低温DCS中设计并实现了HTS电流引线降温操作的自动控制,包括降温流程的顺序控制和自动安全监控,以及液位和温度等关键过程参数的自动控制回路。经过降温实验验证,以上自动控制策略完全满足HTS电流引线的降温要求。     

溯源至低温辐射计的硅陷阱探测器紫外波段绝对光谱响应度测量

介绍了溯源至低温辐射计的紫外绝对光谱响应度测量装置,对硅陷阱探测器在三个激光波长点进行了绝对光谱响应度校准实验.测量了硅陷阱探测器的空间均匀性和非线性系数,分析了影响测量准确度的各不确定度分量.实验表明:硅陷阱探测器在紫外波段266、325、379 nm三个激光波长点处的绝对光谱响应度测量扩展不确定度分别为0.19％、0.14％、0.11％,可作为紫外波段光辐射功率基准保持和传递的标准探测器,用于提高紫外波段光谱辐射度的校准能力.     

Irreversible structural changes in cryogenic mechanically milled isotactic polypropylene

The influence of cryogenic mechanical milling on the structure and the thermal behavior of isotactic polypropylene was investigated by means of wide-angle X-ray scattering, differential scanning calorimetry and transmission electron microscopy. The results presented show that structural changes caused by mechanical milling at cryogenic temperatures are only partly reversible. The decrease in the degree of crystallinity as determined by differential scanning calorimetry with increasing milling time is attributed to a reversible transformation of the initial morphology into a nanostructured morphology, consisting of small fragments of the original isotactic polypropylene lamellae. During recrystallization from the molten state, there still exists an influence of the previous milling treatment, leading to significantly changed crystallization behavior. The reason for this behavior might be a decrease in the molecular weight or a change in the molecular weight distribution or the formation of long-chain branched polypropylene molecules induced by cryogenic mechanical milling.

Cryogenic studies, site selectivity and discrete fluorescence in salicylic acid dimer

Cryogenic effects (10–293 K) on the photophysics of salicylic acid (SA) dimer have been using steady state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. SA dimer shows two emissions at approximately 390 nm (dimer, D) and approximately 430 nm (tautomer, T), formed by cyclic double proton transfer plus fast excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), at low temperatures; a vibrational structure also develops which is due to C = O and OH stretches. On red edge excitation (REE), only the dimer-type (UV) emission is observed, which shifts with excitation energy resembling emission due to site selectivity. Due to the asymmetry of the double potential energy curves of D and T, all dimers can be trapped in the D minimum. The UV emission of the dimer is accompanied by the Stokes' shifted tautomer emission on excitation at 1050 cm⁻¹ higher than the (0,0) band of D, which is interpreted as the barrier height of the double potential energy curves of D and T. Time-resolved studies at various temperatures have helped to clarify the photophysics of crystalline SA.     

对冷屏蔽结构设计的分析

空间冷屏是一种包裹在飞行器外的相变制冷装置,旨在提高近地高速飞行器的突防能力,防止其在近地轨道飞行时被红外探测器发现和拦截.为了实现弹道导弹在飞行中段的红外隐身效果,采用深冷介质相变制冷技术,建立了空间冷屏样机.对冷屏系统工作要求主要是:体积、重量轻、换热能力强、外表面维持低温时间长、外表面各点的温差小.分析了为达到以上几点在冷屏蔽系统设计中采取的几个措施.     

Experimental studies of the pressures generated by a liquid oxygen slug in a magnetic field

The strong paramagnetic susceptibility of liquid oxygen (LOX) has established it as a good candidate for a cryogenic magnetic fluid system. While its properties have been known for several decades, a fundamental understanding of the behavior of LOX in a magnetically controlled fluid system is needed for the development of a suitable space application that can operate reliably and efficiently. This study conducted quantitative experiments on the dynamics of a LOX slug in a tube when subjected to electrically-induced magnetic fields within a solenoid. The experiments used a quartz tube with an inner diameter of 1.9 mm and LOX slugs of 0.6, 1.3, 1.9, 2.5, and 3.2 mm length at various initial positions relative to the solenoid. The pressures generated by the motion of the LOX slug under the magnetic force were recorded to characterize the pressure differential generated and the breakdown of the slug. The highest attainable pressure differential was found to be 1.45 kPa, which correlated well to theoretical predictions once the analysis accounted for the resistance heating of the solenoid. The noted differences between experimental results and theory could also be attributed to impeded slug motion from shear and mass forces. Within the workable pressure range, however, an optimal slug length was found which appropriately balances the pressure, shear, and magnetic forces in the system. This paper presents the experimental data on the dynamics and the maximum pressure differential generated by a LOX slug in a magnetic field and discusses the viability of LOX in a magnetic fluid management system intended for space applications.     

基于ANSYS的传导冷却超导磁体系统的热分析

在传导冷却超导磁体系统中,超导磁体与系统其它部分的温度平衡过程是依靠固体间的热传导来实现热量传递的。由于超导磁体和冷屏等低温部件冷却条件的差异,将导致磁体内部各处和冷屏不同部位的温度分布不均匀。分析研究超导磁体系统的低温温度分布状况,对于低温系统的热设计和磁体的温度裕度设计具有重要意义。文中借助于ANSYS有限元分析软件,建立了一个大口径传导冷却超导磁体低温系统的稳态三维热分析模型,仿真了超导磁体和冷屏的空间温度场,得到了传导冷却超导磁体低温系统的热分布规律。该分析结果对于大口径传导冷却超导磁体的低温系统设计具有重要的参考价值。