Stripe Order and Spin Dynamics in Nickelates

We report zero field μSR experiments on the lanthanum nickelate La_2−x Sr _x NiO_4+δ system with strontium doping level x between 0 and 0.6. In a single crystal with x=0.33 the internal field distribution shows two separated signals reflecting the antiferromagnetic domains and the non magnetic antiphase domain walls in the spin and charge ordered state below 190 K. Below 70 K a broadening of the low field line is observed. A similar behavior is observed in polycrystalline samples with 0.2≤x≤0.5. This revised version was published online in September 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

用DSC研究1,2-丙二醇及其水溶液的协同松弛行为

为了验证基于位形熵的非线性Adam-Gibbs协同松弛模型(AGV)能否用于描述小分子氢键液体的协同松弛行为, 利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测量了连续升降温条件下1,2-丙二醇及其四种水溶液在115～230 K之间的比热容, 利用曲线拟合技术获得AGV模型参数. 结果表明, AGV模型可以重现体系的实验比热容数据. 1,2-丙二醇表现出与其水溶液明显不同的松弛行为, 但水含量的变化对松弛行为的影响并不明显. 利用AGV方法和Johari方法分别对协同重排活化能(Δμ')和协同重排域(CRR)尺寸(z*)作了分析. 只有选择比聚合物大得多的某一协同重排位形数, 以AGV方法得到的z*才不至于没有物理意义. Johari方法的分析结果表明, T_g温度下1,2-丙二醇的CRR内有约3个分子, 但对应的协同重排位形数(W*)却较聚合物高出很多. Donth的基于热力学温度波动理论的分析表明, 1,2-丙二醇及其水溶液的CRR尺寸随组分的变化趋势可与Δμ'和非指数参数的分析结果相吻合, 但得到的1,2-丙二醇的CRR内有约350个分子, 从而和Johari的分析结果产生巨大差别.     

Intelligent Reflecting Surface–Assisted Wireless Secret Key Generation against Multiple Eavesdroppers

In this paper, we propose an improved physical layer key generation scheme that can maximize the secret key capacity by deploying intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) near the legitimate user aiming at improving its signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We consider the scenario of multiple input single output (MISO) against multiple relevant eavesdroppers. We elaborately design and optimize the reflection coefficient matrix of IRS elements that can improve the legitimate user’s SNR through IRS passive beamforming and deteriorate the channel quality of eavesdroppers at the same time. We first derive the lower bound expression of the achievable key capacity, then solve the optimization problem based on semi-definite relaxation (SDR) and the convex–concave procedure (CCP) to maximize the secret key capacity. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme can significantly improve the secret key capacity and reduce hardware costs compared with other benchmark schemes.     

Phase Transitions Induced by Top-Priority of Randomization

We study the characteristics of phase transition to take the top-priority of randomization in the rules of NaSch model (i.e.noise-first model) into account via computing the relaxation time and the order parameter.The scaling exponents of the relaxation time and the scaling relation of order parameter,respectively,axe obtained.     

Supramolecular Protein-Polyelectrolyte Assembly at Near Physiological Conditions—Water Proton NMR,ITC, and DLS Study

The in vivo potency of polyphosphazene immunoadjuvants is inherently linked to the ability of these ionic macromolecules to assemble with antigenic proteins in aqueous solutions and form physiologically stable supramolecular complexes. Therefore, in-depth knowledge of interactions in this biologically relevant system is a prerequisite for a better understanding of mechanism of immunoadjuvant activity. Present study explores a self-assembly of polyphosphazene immunoadjuvant—PCPP and a model antigen—lysozyme in a physiologically relevant environment—saline solution and neutral pH. Three analytical techniques were employed to characterize reaction thermodynamics, water-solute structural organization, and supramolecular dimensions: isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), water proton nuclear magnetic resonance (wNMR), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The formation of lysozyme–PCPP complexes at near physiological conditions was detected by all methods and the avidity was modulated by a physical state and dimensions of the assemblies. Thermodynamic analysis revealed the dissociation constant in micromolar range and the dominance of enthalpy factor in interactions, which is in line with previously suggested model of protein charge anisotropy and small persistence length of the polymer favoring the formation of high affinity complexes. The paper reports advantageous use of wNMR method for studying protein-polymer interactions, especially for low protein-load complexes.     

Water Status and Predictive Models of Moisture Content during Drying of Soybean Dregs Based on LF-NMR

To explore the drying characteristics of soybean dregs and a nondestructive moisture content test method, in this study, soybean dregs were dried with hot air (80 °C), the moisture content was measured using the drying method, water status was analyzed using low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and the moisture content prediction models were built and validated. The results revealed that the moisture contents of the soybean dregs were 0.57 and 0.01 g/g(w.b.), respectively, after drying for 5 and 7 h. The effective moisture diffusivity increased with the decrease in moisture content; it ranged from 5.27 × 10⁻⁹ to 6.96 × 10⁻⁸ m²·s⁻¹. Soybean dregs contained bound water (T₂₁), immobilized water (T₂₂) and free water (T₂₃ and T₂₃’). With the proceeding of drying, all of the relaxation peaks shifted left until a new peak (T₂₃’) appeared; then, the structure of soybean dregs changed, and the relaxation peaks reformed, and the peak shifted left again. The peak area may predict the moisture content of soybean dregs, and the gray values of images predict the moisture contents mainly composed of free water or immobilized water. The results may provide a reference for drying of soybean dregs and a new moisture detection method.     

螺旋压缩弹簧应力松弛特性试验分析及其应用

本文通过应力松弛试验、理论推导及数值模拟研究了高温下螺旋压缩弹簧的应力松弛规律,并利用加速模型对工况下弹簧应力松弛服役寿命做出预测.首先,根据螺旋压缩弹簧的结构特点搭建了弹簧应力松弛连续动态测试装置,该装置不仅避免了传统测试方法存在的缺陷,而且能够保证试验过程中位移载荷恒定,并实时监测载荷变化.本文以某飞机舱门单锁机构...     

An Uzawa-type algorithm for the coupled Stokes equations

An Uzawa-type algorithm is designed for the coupled Stokes equations discretized by the mixed finite element method. The velocity solved by the presented algorithm is weakly divergence-free, which is different from the one solved by the common Uzawa method. Besides, an optimal relaxation parameter of the presented algorithm is provided.     

黏弹性理论中广义Maxwell模型的教学法及其在非晶态固体中的应用

黏弹性力学是固体力学研究的重要组成部分,如何开展黏弹性力学教学对于学生理解相关知识至关重要。本文以黏弹性力学最为经典的Maxwell模型为例展示整个教学过程：首先从基本黏弹性元件出发,推导Maxwell 模型及其广义表达式,然后结合非晶固体应力松弛实验曲线,从变形单元激活特征时间角度出发,将经典Maxwell模型应用于非晶固体变形,结合实际案例和计算练习来加深学生对于该模型的理解和应用。相比于传统黏弹性力学课程,本文考虑广义Maxwell模型中多个并联单元特征时间在对数时间尺度的Gauss分布形式,这对于非晶态固体的变形研究以及黏弹性理论的课程教学过程具有重要借鉴价值。

     

Keating改良模型的硅纳米梁动态特性

提出一种用于分析硅纳米梁动态特性的改良型半连续体模型,对比传统的连续体理论,这种新模型使用了Keating势,并考虑了纳米梁在宽厚两个维度的分立特性。依据Sun-Zhang模型思想和能量守恒定律,建立了改良型Keating模型,并进行了双端固支梁的基频计算。在这个过程中,对一些表面效应也进行系统分析。结果表明,该改良模型一方面在纳米尺度下与Material StudioTM软件仿真结果较为符合,另一方面也能在微观尺度下较好的接近连续体模型的计算数据。同时,该模型还反映了基频随纳米梁宽度变化的特性,这也符合一些实际实验。