Friction factors of finite and infinite square arrays of roughened pins

Friction factors of square arrays of roughened pins in smooth channels have been measured for a range of pin pitch to diameter ratios and roughness heights and for different sizes of array. The influence of the smooth channel has been removed in two ways; by extrapolating the results for a fixed pitch-to-diameter ratio to an infinite number of pins and by calculation from the finite array results. The resultant friction factors are compared with each other and with data obtained by testing single pins in smooth circular channels and transforming by various methods to the fully rough situation.     

Linear elastico-viscous properties of molten standard polystyrenes

This paper contains an extensive presentation of dynamic mechanical data (complex moduli), as obtained on the melts of a series of standard polystyrenes of narrow molar mass distributions. It also shows the way of obtaining structural parameters (plateau modulus and friction factor) which are needed for an interpretation of these data in terms of simple theoretical models (Maxwell elements, Doi-Edwards model). A linear mixing rule is used for taking into account the finite width of the molar mass distributions.Dedicated to Prof. F. R. Schwarzl on the occasion of his 60th birthday     

End effects for highly elastic-constant viscosity fluids

In the light of a new interpretation, we have studied the end effects for highly elastic-constant viscosity fluids commonly called Boger fluids. In terms of entrance effect only, the presence of primary normal-stress differences in absence of shear-thinning properties results in a decrease of the entrance correction below the Couette (Newtonian) value, whereas the total end correction can be substantially increased by an amount which is strongly dependent on the Weissenberg number or recoverable shear.     

Professor T. C. Papanastasiou's contributions to rheology and computational fluid mechanics

Professor T. C. Papanastasiou's contributions to rheology and computational fluid mechanics are numerous and have a lasting effect. In the short span of a professional career of about 10 years, and in such diverse places as the University of Minnesota, the University of Michigan, and the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, he developed and implemented new ideas in the fields of rheology and computational fluid mechanics. He dealt with such important topics as: i) modelling of viscoelasticity and viscoplasticity through appropriate constitutive equations; ii) numerical techniques based on the finite element method, streamline integration, inverse of the unknown, and Newton iteration for integral-differential equations; iii) numerical simulation of important polymer processes, such as fiber spinning, film blowing, film casting, extrusion and coextrusion of polymeric liquids; iv) stability analysis of multiple flows; v) three-dimensional computational techniques for generalized Newtonian flows; vi) numerical analysis of viscoplastic flows; vii) solidification problems; viii) outflow boundary conditions, etc.His many contributions include authoring two books in the area of fluid mechanics, one for undergraduate and the other for graduate use. He was a mentor and an advisor to a dozen people, his former students, who have, in their own right, successful careers, some as professors, others as research engineers in major industries. The ideas and foundations of his work are currently pursued and studied by many researchers world-wide, and in this manner it is the most appropriate tribute to him and a guarantee that his name will be remembered for years to come.Dedicated to the memory of Professor Tasos C. Papanastasiou     

Two fluid flow and heat transfer in an inclined channel containing porous and fluid layer

Convective flow and heat transfer in an inclined channel bounded by two rigid plates held at constant different temperatures with one region filled with porous matrix saturated with a viscous fluid and another region with a clear viscous fluid different from the fluid in first region is studied analytically. The coupled nonlinear governing equations are solved using regular perturbation method. It is found that the presence of porous matrix in one of the region reduces the velocity and temperature. Results have been presented for a wide range of governing parameters such as Grashof number, porous parameter, angle of inclination, ratio of heights of the two layers and also the ratio of viscosities.     

流体力学Petrov-Galerkin有限元法研究进展

详细评述了在流体力学分析中Ｐｅｔｒｏｖ－Ｇａｌｅｒｋｉｎ方法（主要是ＳＵＰＧ方法和ＧＬＳ方法）的研究进展，并提出了今后的发展方向和研究重点。     

Liquid–crystalline nematic polymers revisited

A new model for nematic polymers is proposed, based on the probability ψ(u,u,t) for a macromolecule to be oriented along direction u while embedded in a u environment created by its neighbours. The potential of the internal forces is written Φ(u,u) accordingly. The free energy contains a contribution ν Φ + k_BT ln ψ where the brackets mean an average over the probability distribution, while ν is the (uniform) polymer number density. An equation is derived for the time-evolution of the order parameter S = uu − I/3, together with an expression for the stress tensor. These two results offer a generalization of the Doi Model in so far as they include a distortional energy, analogue to the Frank elastic energy for low molecular mass nematics. Extending the Maier–Saupe variational procedure, we specify the way that the internal potential Φ(u,u) must be written for it to favour non-zero values of the order parameter, while giving a penalty to situations with gradients of the order parameter. The result is quite different from the potential proposed a decade ago by Marrucci and Greco (their Φ depends on u only), while it has a clear connection with the so-called Landau-de Gennes (LdG) tensor models, which are based on a free-energy depending on the order parameter and its gradients.     

Unsteady model of drop Marangoni migration in microgravity

The experiments of drop Marangoni migration have been performed by the drop shift facility of short period of 4.5 s, and the drop accelerates gradually to an asymptotic velocity during the free fall. The unsteady and axisymmetric model is developed to study the drop migration for the case of moderate Reynolds numberRe=O(1), and the results are compared with the experimental ones in the present paper. Both numerical and experimental results show that the migration velocity for moderate Reynolds number is several times smaller than that given by the linear YGB theory. The project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (19789201) and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (95-Yu-34)     

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SUPERPARAMAGNETIC FUNCTIONAL POLYMERIC MICROPARTICLES

Superparamagnetic poly(styrene-divinylbenzene-glycidyl methacrylate) (Pst-DVB-GMA) microparticles were prepared via a modified suspension polymerization process. A magnetic fluid was first prepared by a chemical co-precipitation method. Then magnetic microparticles were produced by mixing the monomers and the magnetic fluid with water in the presence of a stabilizer poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) to form a suspension, and finally benzoyl peroxide was added to initiate the co-polymerization. The morphology and magnetic properties of the microparticles were examined by TEM and VSM. The spherically shaped microparticles, with a size range of 4 to 7 pm, showed distinct superparamagnetic characteristics. XRD was used to investigate the structure of the magnetite particles dispersed in the polymer matrix. The microparticles with epoxy groups on their surface can be applied directly to the seoaration of biomolecules.     

Nouvelle approche pour la discrétisation de flux diffusifs en volumes finis à forte obliquité

We propose a new approach for the discretization of diffusive flux on a non orthogonal mesh based on the Deferred correction introduced by Peric. This new method is applied successfully to the solution of a Poisson problem in quadrangular domains meshed with very distorted control volumes. The interest of this approach lies in the fact that the precision of the used schemes is conserved despite meshes distortion level. The comparative study of the value of the spectral radius of iteration matrix enables us to explain why our Deferred correction approach is better than that of Peric, which diverges on highly skewed meshes. To cite this article: Y.M. Ahipo, Ph. Traore, C. R. Mecanique 334 (2006).