Fusion Operators and Cocycloids in Monoidal Categories

The Yang–Baxter equation has been studied extensively in the context of monoidal categories. The fusion equation, which appears to be the Yang–Baxter equation with a term missing, has been studied mainly in the context of Hilbert spaces. This paper endeavours to place the fusion equation in an appropriate categorical setting. Tricocycloids are defined; they are new mathematical structures closely related to Hopf algebras.     

Experiments on turbulent natural convection in an enclosed tall cavity

Experiments have been undertaken to investigate the natural convection of air in a tall differentially heated rectangular cavity (2.18 m high by 0.076 m wide by 0.52 m in depth). They were performed with temperature differentials between the vertical plates of 19.6°C and 39.9°C, giving Rayleigh numbers based on the width of 0.86×10⁶ and 1.43×10⁶. Under these conditions the flow in the core of the cavity is fully turbulent and property variations with temperature are comparatively small. A previously used experimental rig has been modified, by fitting partially conducting top and bottom walls and outer guard channels, to provide boundary conditions which avoid the inadequately defined sharp changes in temperature gradient and other problems associated with insufficient insulation on nominally adiabatic walls. Mean and turbulent temperature and velocity variations within the cavity have been measured, together with heat fluxes and turbulent shear stresses. The temperature and flow fields were found to be closely two-dimensional, except close to the front and back walls, and anti-symmetric across the diagonal of the cavity. The partially conducting roof and floor provide locally unstable thermal stratification in the wall jet flows there, which enhances the turbulence as the flow moves towards the temperature controlled plates. The results provide a greatly improved benchmark for the testing of turbulence models in this low turbulence Reynolds number flow.     

André-Quillen cohomology and rational homotopy of function spaces

We develop a simple theory of André-Quillen cohomology for commutative differential graded algebras over a field of characteristic zero. We then relate it to the homotopy groups of function spaces and spaces of homotopy self-equivalences of rational nilpotent CW-complexes. This puts certain results of Sullivan in a more conceptual framework.     

Average-optimal string matching

The exact string matching problem is to find the occurrences of a pattern of length m from a text of length n symbols. We develop a novel and unorthodox filtering technique for this problem. Our method is based on transforming the problem into multiple matching of carefully chosen pattern subsequences. While this is seemingly more difficult than the original problem, we show that the idea leads to very simple algorithms that are optimal on average. We then show how our basic method can be used to solve multiple string matching as well as several approximate matching problems in average optimal time. The general method can be applied to many existing string matching algorithms. Our experimental results show that the algorithms perform very well in practice.     

区间值模糊数与区间值粗糙模糊数

把经典Z.Pawlak粗糙集与区间值模糊集相结合,研究区间值模糊数的基本理论.讨论区间值模糊数的基本性质和四则运算法则及其与其它各种区间数的关系,并给出区间值模糊数的刻画定理.同时,在经典Z.Pawlak粗糙集的框架下定义实直线上的粗闭区间套,提出区间值粗糙模糊数的定义.利用模糊数的表现定理给出区间值粗糙模糊数的一个刻画.     

液压作用下套管柱临界屈曲载荷计算的能量法

推导了内外液压作用下套管柱微弯时的能量平衡公式,并计算了其屈曲临界载荷计算公式。得到的结果低于目前已发表的结果。内外液压对套管稳定性的影响相当于在套管底端作用一个附加的轴向力和一个沿轴线均布的线载荷。对含有内压的两端封堵的细长管柱,内压对临界屈曲载荷没有影响。结果可供油井设计及作业参考。     

运输问题悖论及其研究

提出了运输问题的奇特现象——运输问题的悖论,讨论了运输问题悖论出现的条件,最后指出了研究运输问题悖论的现实意义.     

Closed relativistic strings in geometrically nontrivial spaces

We find exact solutions of the equations of motion for a closed relativistic string that carries a point mass and moves in the space given by the direct product of Minkowski space and a compact manifold (multidimensional torus). We investigate physical characteristics of the system states described by these solutions.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 142, No. 1, pp. 72–82, January, 2005.     

Bit-parallel approximate string matching algorithms with transposition

Using bit-parallelism has resulted in fast and practical algorithms for approximate string matching under Levenshtein edit distance, which permits a single edit operation to insert, delete or substitute a character. Depending on the parameters of the search, currently the fastest non-filtering algorithms in practice are the O(km/wn) algorithm of Wu and Manber, the O((k+2)(m−k)/wn) algorithm of Baeza-Yates and Navarro, and the O(m/wn) algorithm of Myers, where m is the pattern length, n is the text length, k is the error threshold and w is the computer word size. In this paper we discuss a uniform way of modifying each of these algorithms to permit also a fourth type of edit operation: transposing two adjacent characters in the pattern. This type of edit distance is also known as Damerau edit distance. In the end we also present an experimental comparison of the resulting algorithms.