全文获取类型
收费全文 | 4174篇 |
免费 | 652篇 |
国内免费 | 717篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 1834篇 |
晶体学 | 32篇 |
力学 | 851篇 |
综合类 | 56篇 |
数学 | 345篇 |
物理学 | 2425篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 6篇 |
2023年 | 44篇 |
2022年 | 97篇 |
2021年 | 115篇 |
2020年 | 103篇 |
2019年 | 107篇 |
2018年 | 137篇 |
2017年 | 149篇 |
2016年 | 188篇 |
2015年 | 171篇 |
2014年 | 247篇 |
2013年 | 373篇 |
2012年 | 246篇 |
2011年 | 279篇 |
2010年 | 235篇 |
2009年 | 262篇 |
2008年 | 265篇 |
2007年 | 279篇 |
2006年 | 271篇 |
2005年 | 245篇 |
2004年 | 229篇 |
2003年 | 181篇 |
2002年 | 188篇 |
2001年 | 149篇 |
2000年 | 135篇 |
1999年 | 138篇 |
1998年 | 122篇 |
1997年 | 95篇 |
1996年 | 76篇 |
1995年 | 79篇 |
1994年 | 74篇 |
1993年 | 41篇 |
1992年 | 35篇 |
1991年 | 34篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 26篇 |
1988年 | 18篇 |
1987年 | 14篇 |
1986年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 16篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1978年 | 7篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5543条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
121.
硅氧烷乳液聚合过程中大颗粒形成机理研究:Ⅰ.阳离子型乳液的耐电解质… 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
探讨了二甲基聚硅氧烷阳离子型乳液耐电解质稳定性的影响因素。结果表明,加入少量的非离子型表面活性剂与阳离子型乳化剂并用进行乳液聚合,可以保护乳液粒子,防止由于电解质引的乳液粒子的相互凝聚而形成大颗粒。 相似文献
122.
硅氧烷乳液聚合过程中大颗粒形成机理的研究:Ⅱ.聚硅氧烷乳液的耐酸碱… 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究了阴离子型与阳离子型聚硅氧烷乳液的耐酸碱稳定性,发现阴离子型乳液对酸碱都相当稳定,在乳液制备过程中,酸性催化剂不会引起乳液颗粒的凝聚;而阳离子型乳液的耐酸三稳定性性差,尤其是引起乳液颗粒慢速凝聚的碱浓度下限值很低,碱是制备阳离子型乳液的化剂,碱引起乳液颗粒的慢速凝聚是阳离子型乳液中大颗粒形成的主要原因,在乳液聚合过程中所发生的相当部分的乳化剂从水相向有机硅相的转移也是影响阳离子型乳液稳定性的一 相似文献
123.
O/W微乳液中聚吡咯超微粒子的制备 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
选择合适的SDBS/吡咯/H2O三组分O/W微乳液与吡咯单体共存的两相体系,以单体相为单体源,在O/W三组分微乳液中进行了吡咯聚合,所得聚吡咯粒子大小仅为2~3nm,分布较均匀,且具有较好的导电性能. 相似文献
124.
We report in this study the presence of Janus particles, which are candidates for use with electronic color papers. We used negatively charged polystyrene particles (370 nm) as the core particles, and gold was then sputtered onto their packed monolayer under several conditions. The sputtered particles were next redispersed into the aqueous medium by gentle sonication. Gold nanoparticles localized on one side of the cores could also serve as seeds for subsequent shell growth by electroless gold plating. Through these treatments, a series of well-dispersed Janus particles were obtained with gold nanostructures of different size and shape only on one side. Their dispersions showed different colors originating from the surface plasmon resonance absorption of gold nanoparticles localized on the hemisphere. The particles obtained by this approach have potential applications such as in sensors and electronic color paper. 相似文献
125.
Jim Ho 《Analytica chimica acta》2002,457(1):125-148
Biological aerosol detection in real time is an urgent civilian and military requirement. Such detection capability will be useful in environmental monitoring, for example, in gathering information in perceived hazardous areas such as housing developments downwind of sewage treatment plants. To be truly functional, the instrument has to operate continuously, 24 h a day and 7 days a week with minimal maintenance and few false alarms. A novel concept is proposed. The system employs a rapid front-end warning/alarming mechanism based on optical technologies that provides useful information for protection decision makers. This is connected to a sample collector that feeds a slower back-end liquid chemistry system that provides analytical results to the medical personnel to assist in prophylaxis and therapy decisions. Experience gained from measuring fluorescence signals of single bacterial spores under flow cytometry (FCM) using UV excitation at 340-360 nm, was applied to concept testing of a prototype instrument, built to do the same for aerosols. This machine was capable of resolving particle size as well as fluorescence intensity of each particle under laboratory and field conditions; it was called the fluorescent aerodynamic particle sizer (FLAPS). This paper describes practical aspects of measuring biological aerosols when the results must be compared to reference samplers that provide culturable or “live” data. Treatment of particle size and fluorescence information is discussed with respect to FLAPS and reference data fidelity. Along with an objective method to evaluate FLAPS data correlation to reference data, an approach for determining limit of detection in the field is discussed. In addressing the back-end detector chemistry, we have prioritized a number of important biological characteristics that must be given to a clinician to help in prophylaxis and therapy decisions. A series of biochemical measurements are proposed to define the threat of a sample and different solutions are given to implement these tests. We predict that the future for biological detection looks promising for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques in identifying microorganisms. A conceptual instrument based on merging FCM and microchip-based analysis is described. 相似文献
126.
The kinetic curves at infinite temperature for the solid-state reactions of the interface shrinkage type were drawn theoretically by taking account the particle size distribution in the sample mixture. The CRTA curves for the reactions with the particle size distribution can be drawn by utilizing the universal kinetic curves at infinite temperature. The proper kinetic treatment for the CRTA curves with the particle size distribution is discussed in connection with the property of the kinetic equation with respect to the particle size distribution. The present kinetic consideration is taken as a simulation for the reactions with a certain distribution in among the reactant particles, produced preferably by the mass and heat transfer phenomena during the thermoanalytical measurements. The merit of the rate jump method by a single cyclic CRTA curve is also discussed on the basis of the present results. 相似文献
127.
SiO2/α-FeOOH和SiO2/γ-Fe2O3微粒的界面研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
α-FeOOH微粒由于其表面高活性,在转变成γ-Fe2O3的热处理过程中容易烧结,一旦这种烧结现象发生,得到的γ-Fe2O3磁粉磁性能大大下降[1].为了克服这一困难,目前采用在α-FeOOH微粒表面包敷有机物[2]和无机物[3]来隔离颗粒,阻止其聚集.其中SiO2表面包敷处理是最令人感兴趣的研究课题之一[4,5].SiO2是一种难烙性的非磁性材料,它包敷在α-FeOOH微粒表面外,不仅可提高α-FeOOH转变成γ-Fe2O3的热处理温度,有利于得到外形完好、晶格完整的γ-Fe2O3磁粉,而且由包效层与内核之间的界面相互作用引起的表面各向异性常… 相似文献
128.
129.
Hoebbel Dagobert Reinert Thomas Schmidt Helmut Arpac Ertugrul 《Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology》1997,10(2):115-126
The complexation degrees of Al-, Ti- and Zr-butoxide (M) with unsaturated and saturated -diketones (3-allylpentane-2.4-dione-APD, acetylacetone-ACAC) and -ketoesters (methacryloxyethyl-acetoacetate-MEAA, allylacetoacetate-AAA, ethylacetoacetate-EAA) as organic ligands (L) were examined by IR and 13 C NMR spectroscopy and were found to be L:M 1.5. The hydrolytic stability of the ligands of the metal alkoxide complexes (L:M = 1) during hydrolysis/condensation reactions at the molar ratio h (H2O : OR) = 0.5–2.0 decreases with increasing H
130.
The effect of a weak convective heat transfer on the thermocapillary interaction of two bubbles with an arbitrary orientation relative to an externally imposed temperature gradient is examined. Asymptotic analysis of the case of large separation distances, Z, suggests that the corrections to the bubbles' velocities are of
(Pe/Z2), rather than
(Pe2) previously found for an isolated bubble. Equal-sized bubbles are known to move with the same velocities, as if they were isolated, when heat conduction is the only transport mechanism. However, the convective transport results in a relative motion of the bubbles. The tendency of equal bubbles to line up in a plane perpendicular to the applied thermal gradient is shown analytically in the weakly nonlinear limit of small Pe numbers, and an interesting interaction behavior in the case of unequal bubbles is discussed. 相似文献