氢化物发生-银盐分光光度法测定中草药中砷的含量

采用氢化物发生-银盐分光光度法对中草药中溶解态砷的含量进行了测定。结果表明,砷标准曲线的回归方程为C=1．4474 A-0．0087,r=0．99,在0～0．4μg/mL的范围内,线性关系良好。对5种样品进行了回收实验,回收率为92．4％-102．6％,相对标准偏差为1．26％-2．43％。该法简单、快速、灵敏、准确。     

Cloning, Expression and Purification of Wheat Acetyl-CoA Carboxylases CT Domain in E.coil

The entire gene of carboxyltransferase(CT) domain of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(ACCase) from Chinese Spring wheat(CSW) plastid was cloned firstly,and the 2.3 kb gene was inserted into PET28a+ vector and expressed in E.coil in a soluble state.The (His)6 fusion protein was identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot.The recombinant protein was purified by affinity chromatography,and the calculated molecular mass(Mr) was 88000.The results of the sequence analysis indicate that the cloned gene(GeneBank accession No.EU124675) was a supplement and revision of the reported ACCase CT partial cDNA from Chinese Spring wheat plastid.The recombinant protein will be significant for us to investigate the recognizing mechanism between ACCase and herbicides,and further to screen new herbicides.     

An Improvement to Conformer-Based Model for High-Accuracy Speech Feature Extraction and Learning

Owing to the loss of effective information and incomplete feature extraction caused by the convolution and pooling operations in a convolution subsampling network, the accuracy and speed of current speech processing architectures based on the conformer model are influenced because the shallow features of speech signals are not completely extracted. To solve these problems, in this study, we researched a method that used a capsule network to improve the accuracy of feature extraction in a conformer-based model, and then, we proposed a new end-to-end model architecture for speech recognition. First, to improve the accuracy of speech feature extraction, a capsule network with a dynamic routing mechanism was introduced into the conformer model; thus, the structural information in speech was preserved, and it was input to the conformer blocks via sequestered vectors; the learning ability of the conformed-based model was significantly enhanced using dynamic weight updating. Second, a residual network was added to the capsule blocks, thus, the mapping ability of our model was improved and the training difficulty was reduced. Furthermore, the bi-transformer model was adopted in the decoding network to promote the consistency of the hypotheses in different directions through bidirectional modeling. Finally, the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed model were verified against different types of recognition models by performing multiple sets of experiments. The experimental results demonstrated that our speech recognition model achieved a lower word error rate without a language model because of the higher accuracy of speech feature extraction and learning using our model architecture with a capsule network. Furthermore, our model architecture benefited from the advantage of the capsule network and the conformer encoder, and also has potential for other speech-related applications.     

基于人工神经网络的淫羊藿红外光谱的研究

对于不同产地和不同栽培条件的药材, 其药效的不同是由于其所含化学成分和各成分含量的比例不同所造成的, 这种差异将造成红外图谱的差异。但这些差异非常细微,单纯地从谱图去区分其特征是非常困难的。文章利用傅里叶变换红外光谱,测定了42种来自吉林3个不同产地的淫羊藿样品的红外光谱,并对光谱数据进行了相应的预处理。为了提高神经网络的训练速度,在利用人工神经网络建立模型之前,通过小波变换的方法对光谱变量进行了压缩。同时对建立的模型的相关参数进行了详细的讨论。实验表明,建立的模型能够正确地对42个淫羊藿样品进行产地鉴别,同时避免了传统光谱分析对药材的分离和提取,从而为中药质量的科学控制和现代化管理提供了可靠的依据。     

Scattering of Tollmien-Schlichting waves by localized roughness in transonic boundary layers

The laminar-turbulent transition in boundary-layer flows is often affected by wall imperfections, because the latter may interact with either the freestream perturbations or the oncoming boundary-layer instability modes, leading to a modification of the accumulation of the normal modes. The present paper particularly focuses on the latter mechanism in a transonic boundary layer, namely, the effect of a two-dimensional(2 D) roughness element on the oncoming Tollmien-Schlichting(T-S) modes when th...     

An Uzawa-type algorithm for the coupled Stokes equations

An Uzawa-type algorithm is designed for the coupled Stokes equations discretized by the mixed finite element method. The velocity solved by the presented algorithm is weakly divergence-free, which is different from the one solved by the common Uzawa method. Besides, an optimal relaxation parameter of the presented algorithm is provided.     

血液-血管耦合特性与脉搏波传播特性的关系

脉搏波既不可简单地理解为可压缩血液流体中的压力纵波,也不可简单地理解为沿固体血管传播的涨缩位移横波,而是超乎普通想象的流-固耦合和纵波-横波耦合的复杂波。从分析耦合本构关系的新途径出发,本文中提出了一个流-固耦合/纵波-横波耦合的串联模型,可为解读“位数形势”中医脉诊提供更丰富的信息。结果表明,脉搏波耦合系统的等效体积压缩模量K_s以及相应的耦合系统脉搏波传播速度c_s主要依赖于两个无量纲参数：血液-血管模量比K_b(p)/E(p)和薄壁血管径厚比D(p)/h₀,它们因人而异、因人的不同脉搏位置而异。文中定量分析了它们对c_s的影响,显示人体的K_b/E值在10³数量级,从而c_s值在10⁰～10¹ m/s数量级,以适应人体生理生化反应。由临床有创测量,证实脉搏体积横波与脉搏压力纵波是相耦合地以相同速度传播;还显示脉搏波是在其波阵面上具有氧合生化反应的“生物波”。此外,还讨论了“脉压放大”现象与非线性本构关系和与血管分叉处加载增强反射之间的关系,并讨论了Lewis关于重搏波形成的假设。

     

Origanum syriacum Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties: A Comprehensive Review

Herbal medicine has been gaining special interest as an alternative choice of treatment for several diseases, being generally accessible, cost-effective and safe, with fewer side-effects compared to chemically synthesized medicines. Over 25% of drugs worldwide are derived from plants, and surveys have shown that, when available, herbal medicine is the preferred choice of treatment. Origanum syriacum (Lamiaceae) is a widely used medicinal plant in the Middle East, both as a home and a folk remedy, and in the food and beverage industry. Origanum syriacum contains numerous phytochemical compounds, including flavonoids, phenols, essential oils, and many others. Because of its bioactive compounds, O. syriacum possesses antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiparasitic capacities. In addition, it can be beneficial in the treatment of various diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and peptic ulcers. In this review, the chemical compositions of different types of extracts and essential oils from this herb will first be specified. Then, the pharmacological uses of these extracts and essential oils in various contexts and diseases will be discussed, putting emphasis on their efficacy and safety. Finally, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of O. syriacum phytochemicals in disease treatment will be described as a basis for further investigation into the plant’s pharmacological role.     

荧光淬灭和加强理论公式合理性的热力学分析

通过荧光法在不同温度下研究了3种第三代头孢新药: 盐酸头孢吡肟、头孢匹胺和头孢唑肟钠与人血清白蛋白(HSA)和牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的作用, 分别应用荧光淬灭和荧光加强理论公式计算了它们的结合常数等, 进而分别计算了它们的热力学函数. 因对应于不同的理论公式得出的K_A值并不完全相同, 由此得到它们相应的热力学参数也有所不同. 本文对这些热力学数据的差异进行了分析比较, 结果表明: 基于荧光加强理论公式(4)获得的热力学数据显示更为合理. 因而我们建议, 即使在研究受体-底物的荧光淬灭反应时, 采用荧光加强理论公式(4)可以获得更符合实际的结果.     

D-氨基葡萄糖衍生物的研究进展

D-氨基葡萄糖作为甲壳素的最终降解产物参与构造人体组织和细胞膜,是蛋白多糖大分子合成的中间物质,具有多种生物活性.其分子内有多个反应中心(4个-OH和1个-NH2),对其进行化学修饰后可广泛应用于生物医药领域.作者综述了D-氨基葡萄糖衍生物的研究进展.