Finding thet-join structure of graphs

t-joins are generalizations of postman tours, matchings, and paths;t-cuts contain planar multicommodity flows as a special case. In this paper we present a polynomial time combinatorial algorithm that determines a minimumt-join and a maximum packing oft-cuts and that ends up with a Gallai-Edmonds type structural decompostion of (G, t) pairs, independent of the running of the algorithm. It only uses simple combinatorial steps such as the symmetric difference of two sets of edges and does not use any shrinking operations.     

流动注射分析法快速测定三元复合驱油体系微量溶解氧

本文报道用流动注射法(FIA)快速测定三元复合驱油体系中的溶解氧,讨论了各种物质对测定的干扰情况。本方法最小检测量为80μg/L,相对标准偏差为2.6％,并与测定溶解氧的经典的碘量法进行了对比,结果令人满意。     

Automated on-line gas chromatographic injection of samples completely liquified by pressure

Summary A modified on-line liquid injection technique with rotary valves for gas chromatography has been developed. Applications for the on-line analysis of 2-methylpropene, cyclohexene and 1-butene are described. All samples were loaded under pressure. The results obtained show excellent reproducibility with less than 0.1% relative standard deviation (r.s.d.; n=6) for the peak areas measured. The method is particularly advantageous for samples containing both gas and liquid ccomponents at one bar.     

以磷钼酸为沉淀剂FI—ICP—AES间接测定阿托品的研究

本文提出以磷钼酸为沉淀剂FI—ICP—AES间接测定生物碱阿托品的新方法,方法基于在合并带流动注射体系中磷钼酸与阿托品反应生成沉淀,沉淀物保留在玻璃微球微型柱上,通过对滤液中未参加反应的钼的测定,间接测得待测物(阿托品)的含量。本法定量测定浓度范围为100—1000μg/mL;RSD为1.0％,进样速率为30次/h,较大量的K、Na、Ca、Mg不干扰测定,一定量的钒对测定无明显影响,本法用于药制品中阿托品含量的测定,回收率为98％,分析结果满意。     

L-Fuzzy映射的刻画

在文献 [6]中 ,史福贵借助于 L -fuzzy关系定义了 L -fuzzy集间的 L -fuzzy映射并借助于它们的水平截集给出了其若干刻画。在这篇文章中 ,我们将借助于另外的截集给出 L -fuzzy映射的一种新刻画。从而我们也得到了 L -fuzzy单射和 L -fuzzy满射的新刻画。     

中医领域中微量元素研究的评估和展望

概括了十余年来中医领域中运用微量元素先进测试方法对中医有关证、辨病辨证、舌象、辨证施治等方面作的大量研究，证实微量元素与它们之间有密切关系，既可作为中医有关诊断的客观指标，又可作为指导师辩证施治选 方用药的一个依据，但纵观全局，目前研究还不够深入，停留在表象推测为主动，无重大理论突破，需要中西医及理化多学科研究人员携手协同研究，以期获得新的成就。     

Fuzzy logic for auditory evoked response monitoring and control of depth of anaesthesia

This paper describes a self-organizing fuzzy model of patients undergoing surgery which was created from 10 clinical trials with off-line analysis during maintenance of anaesthesia using the drug propofol. The effects of patient sensitivity and surgical disturbances are also represented in this patient model. Hence, this model can be considered to be a qualitative pharmacologically related model for propofol during the anaesthetic maintenance stage. Furthermore, a closed-loop simulation has been designed to validate the patient model and compare the performance of a self-organizing fuzzy logic controller algorithm against a clinically derived linguistic controller. The successful results obtained provide proof-of-concept and encouragement to perform on-line clinical trials using fuzzy logic-based monitoring and control in operating theatre in the near future.     

Two New Dibenzofurans from the Underground Parts of Ligularia intermedia

Two new dibenzofurans,7,8-dimethoxy-4-methyldibenzofuran-1-carboxaldehyde, named ligumedial (1) and 7,8-dimethoxy-4-methyldibenzofuran-1-carboxylic acid, named ligumediaoic acid (2), have been isolated from the underground parts of Ligularia intermedia. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.     

Metrological traceability in laboratory medicine

 The establishment of a reference examination system necessary for metrological traceability of the many types of sophisticated examination result in laboratory medicine is a daunting task, which has been made mandatory by the EU Directive on in vitro diagnostic medical devices and the requirements for accreditation. Following a definition of examinand and allowed examination uncertainty, a dedicated calibration hierarchy is established from stated reference through alternating reference examination procedures and calibrators providing a traceability chain from examination result to the reference, often a definition of a measurement unit. The various types of possible calibration hierarchy are outlined in EN ISO Standards. Recent efforts by national and international stakeholders to establish a global reference examination system have led to the creation of a Joint Committee on Traceability in Laboratory Medicine with the International Committee for Weights and Measures, International Bureau of Weights and Measures, International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, International Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation, and World Health Organization as the principal promoters. This structure will identify reference procedures, reference materials, and reference laboratories, and seek support for further prioritised and coordinated development of the system. Received: 1 August 2002 Accepted: 22 November 2002 Based on a lecture at an IUPAC Seminar, EC JRC Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements, Geel, BE, 2001–12–18 Correspondence to R. Dybkaer