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61.
Peak assignment is a complex but important task for analyzing the vibration spectra of surface-bound molecules. Here we describe a simple approach for calculating infrared and Raman spectra for surface-bound molecules using a cluster model approach with quantum capping potentials (QCPs). The utility of the approach is demonstrated by comparisons to the measured high resolution electron energy loss spectra for ethylene on clean silicon. By capping the silicon cluster with QCPs we computed spectra that agree very well with the HREEL spectrum, allowing us to easily assign the experimental peaks. QCPs are similar to effective core potentials, can be used with any ab initio technique and most computational chemistry packages, and their use requires no special expertise. 相似文献
62.
N. Ozawa 《Surface science》2006,600(18):3550-3554
We investigate the quantum mechanical behavior of adsorbed hydrogen (H, D, T) on Cu(1 0 0) and (1 1 0) surfaces. We construct potential energy surfaces (PESs) for the motion of the hydrogen H atom on Cu(1 0 0) and (1 1 0) surfaces within the framework of density functional theory. The potential energy takes a minimum value on the hollow site of Cu(1 0 0) and on the short bridge site of Cu(1 1 0). Moreover, we calculate the quantum states of hydrogen atom motion on these calculated PESs. The ground state wave function of the hydrogen atom motion is strongly localized around the hollow site on the Cu(1 0 0) surface. On the other hand, the ground state wave function of the hydrogen atom motion on Cu(1 1 0) is distributed from the short bridge site to two neighboring pseudo-threefold sites. We finally show isotope effects on the quantum states of the motion of hydrogen on both surfaces. 相似文献
63.
The chemistry of dimethyl mercury on a Pt(111) single crystal surface has been investigated by reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS). Dimethyl mercury appears to be highly reactive on Pt(111) and readily decomposes on the surface at temperatures of 100 K and above. Adsorption at 100 K initially occurs in a dissociative manner to produce CH3 and CH3Hg species on the surface, both of which are identified as having C3v local symmetry. At higher exposures, molecular adsorption dominates with the Hg---C---Hg axis initially oriented parallel to the surface. This preferred orientation, however, does not persist into the multilayer. Thermal treatment of the surface layer results in multilayer desorption between 130 and 135 K, and no parent molecular species are observed beyond 160 K. Adsorption at 200 and 300 K produces an overlayer consisting primarily of CH3Hg species, which are thermally stable to about 350 K. Subsequent heating to 400 K results in the formation of ethylidyne species which are characterised by RAIRS. Adsorption at 400 K results in the direct formation of an ethylidyne layer estimated to be about 85% of saturated coverage. 相似文献
64.
One vision of clean energy for the future is to produce hydrogen from coal in an ultra-clean plant. The conventional route
consists of reacting the coal gasification product (after removal of trace impurities) with steam in a water gas shift (WGS)
reactor to convert CO to CO2 and H2, followed by purification of the effluent gas in a pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit to produce a high purity hydrogen
product. PSA processes can also be designed to produce a CO2 by-product at ambient pressure. This work proposes a novel concept called “Thermal Swing Sorption Enhanced Reaction (TSSER)”
which simultaneously carries out the WGS reaction and the removal of CO2 from the reaction zone by using a CO2 chemisorbent in a single unit operation. The concept directly produces a fuel-cell grade H2 and compressed CO2 as a by-product gas. Removal of CO2 from the reaction zone circumvents the equilibrium limitations of the reversible WGS reaction and enhances its forward rate
of reaction. Recently measured sorption-desorption characteristics of two novel, reversible CO2 chemisorbents (K2CO3 promoted hydrotalcite and Na2O promoted alumina) are reviewed and the simulated performance of the proposed TSSER concept using the promoted hydrotalcite
as the chemisorbent is reported. 相似文献
65.
The adsorption reactions and binding configurations of cyclohexene, 1,3-cyclohexadiene and 1,4-cyclohexadiene on Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7 were studied using high-resolution electron energy loss spectroscopy (HREELS), ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and DFT calculation. The covalent attachments of these unsaturated hydrocarbons to Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7 through the formation of Si–C linkages are clearly demonstrated by the observation of the Si–C stretching mode at 450–500 cm−1 in their HREELS spectra. For chemisorbed cyclohexene, the involvement of πC=C in binding is further supported by the absence of C=C stretching modes and the disappearance of the πC=C photoemission. The chemisorption of both 1,3-cyclohexadiene and 1,4-cyclohexadiene leads to the formation of cyclohexene-like intermediates through di-σ bonding. The existence of one πC=C bond in their chemisorbed states is confirmed by the observation of the C=C and (sp2)C---H stretching modes and the UPS and XPS results. DFT calculations show that [4 + 2]-like cycloaddition is thermodynamically preferred for 1,3-cyclohexadiene on Si(1 1 1)-7 × 7, but a [2 + 2]-like reaction mechanism is proposed for the covalent attachment of cyclohexene and 1,4-cyclohexadiene. 相似文献
66.
Hisayoshi Kobayashi Masura Yamaguchi Satohiro Yoshida Hiroshi Kato 《Theoretical chemistry accounts》1982,61(5):461-472
A method is presented to clarify the concepts of the chemisorptive bonds among many chemisorptive interactions. The eigenfunctions of the system are transformed into new orbitals, and the chemisorptive interactions are represented in terms of a few transformed orbitals. To show the usefulness of the present method, the adsorption of CO on the Cu(100) surface is examined within the CNDO/2 approximation. The donation and the type interaction is clearly visualized, and the information of the spatial extent of the chemisorptive interactions is also obtained. 相似文献
67.
电场对分子线电子结构的影响 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:4
从第一性原理出发,利用密度泛函理论计算了分子2-氨基-5-硝基-1,4-二乙炔基-4-苯硫醇基苯与金原子团形成的分子线的电子结构,从轨道、能级及吸附电子三个方面讨论了电场对分子线电子结构的影响.该工作将有利于未来纳米电子学器件的设计. 相似文献
68.
In this paper a variation in density of states (DOS) of the substrate due to chemisorption of hydrogen on transition metals
using composite Anderson-Newns model has been investigated for different coverages in quasi-chemical approximation of Fowler
and Guggenhiem, which in the limitz→∞ gives the Bragg-Williams approximation as a special case. Variation in density of states has been studied for one-dimensional
periodic substrate with change in adatom interaction energy and coverage. With increase in coverage, the bonding and antibonding
(B-AB) peaks are found to shift towards higher energies and at the same time relative height of the peaks also increases.
The interesting feature to observe is that both approximations for a particular coverage, give split-off states with different
height for both (B-AB) peaks. It particularly indicates change in B-AB states, representing amount of chemisorption, with
the change in interaction energy between adatoms. At the same time bond strength is also found to decrease with interaction
between adatoms. 相似文献
69.
The chemisorption energy of hydrogen on a semiconductor/metal composite substrate is investigated using the complex-energy-plane integration approach. The electronic properties of the interfacial substrate are described via a Green-function formalism. The tight-binding approximation is employed to model the semiconductor catalysts by a finite chain of alternating s- and p-orbitals, while the semi-infinite metal support is represented by a linear chain of d-orbitals. Specific calculations are performed for the H-ZnO/Ni system.Dedicated to Professor J. Koutecký on the occasion of his 65th birthdayAlso the Guelph-Waterloo Program for Graduate Work in Physics 相似文献
70.
The adsorption of carbon monoxide is studied on Au/Pd(1 0 0) alloys by means of reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS) and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD). The alloy was formed by adsorbing a four-monolayer thick gold film on a Pd(1 0 0) substrate and by heating to various temperatures to form alloys with a range of palladium coverages. The alloy was characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the composition of the outermost layer measured using low-energy ion scattering spectroscopy. CO adsorbs on palladium bridge sites only for palladium coverages greater than 0.5 monolayers (ML) suggesting that next-nearest neighbor sites are preferentially populated by palladium atoms. CO adsorbs on atop palladium sites and desorbs at ∼350 K corresponding to a desorption activation energy of ∼117 kJ/mol. However, at lower palladium coverages, these sites are not occupied and CO desorption states are detected 170 and 112 K corresponding to desorption activation energies of ∼53 kJ/mol and ∼35 kJ/mol, respectively, for these states. It is suggested that these states are due to a restructuring of the surface to form low-coordination gold sites that obscure the atop palladium site. 相似文献