Insight into the physics of foam densification via numerical simulation

Foamed materials are increasingly finding application in engineering systems on account of their unique properties. The basic mechanics which gives rise to these properties is well established, they are the result of collapsing the foam microstructure. Despite a basic understanding, the relationship between the details of foam microstructure and foam bulk response is generally unknown. With continued advances in computational power, many researchers have turned to numerical simulation to gain insight into the relationship between foam microstructure and bulk properties. However, numerical simulation of foam microscale deformation is a very challenging computational task and, to date, simulations over the full range of bulk deformations in which these materials operate have not been reported. Here a particle technique is demonstrated to be well-suited for this computational challenge, permitting simulation of the compression of foam microstructures to full densification. Computations on idealized foam microstructures are in agreement with engineering guidelines and various experimental results. Dependencies on degree of microstructure regularity and material properties are demonstrated. A surprising amount of porosity is found in fully-densified foams. The presence of residual porosity can strongly influence dynamic material response and hence needs to be accounted for in bulk (average) constitutive models of these materials.     

Traveling waves for nonlinear cellular neural networks with distributed delays

In this paper, we will establish the existence and nonexistence of traveling waves for nonlinear cellular neural networks with finite or infinite distributed delays. The dynamics of each given cell depends on itself and its nearest m left or l right neighborhood cells where delays exist in self-feedback and left or right neighborhood interactions. Our approach is to use Schauder?s fixed point theorem coupled with upper and lower solutions of the integral equation in a suitable Banach space. Further, we obtain the exponential asymptotic behavior in the negative infinity and the existence of traveling waves for the minimal wave speed by the limiting argument. Our results improve and cover some previous works.     

基于格半群的有限状态自动机的同态

本文研究了格值有限状态自动机(LFSA)的同态和强同态及其性质.利用强同态概念,在格值有限状态自动机的状态集上建立了一种等价关系,得到了格值有限状态自动机的商自动机,证明了商自动机与强同态像自动机同构.     

基于动态地场和元胞自动机的自行车流建模

针对现有自行车流模型对车辆间作用考虑不足的问题,在原多车道元胞自动机模型的基础上引入动态地场,在模型中纳入了排斥力,并充分考虑了前车速度对后车行驶的影响,体现了自行车的灵活性等特征,提出了换道成本的概念并建立了新的基于比较交通环境的换道规则. 数值仿真结果表明：1）该模型能更准确地描述自行车流,反映自行车流的特征,得到的数据符合实际;2）单位车道宽度的通行能力随着车道数的增加有小幅下降;3）激进的驾驶风格使得换道次数大幅增加,通行能力下降. 关键词： 自行车流 元胞自动机 动态地场 仿真     

基于压缩表示的离子刻蚀仿真三维表面演化方法

为了研究表面演化过程的机理, 提出了一种基于压缩表示的三维表面演化方法来模拟等离子体刻蚀工艺,并着重探讨了对离子刻蚀的仿真. 为了解决三维元胞自动机内存需求量大的问题, 该方法将二维数组和动态存储方式相结合, 既实现元胞信息的无损压缩存储, 又保持三维元胞间的空间相关性. 实验结果也表明该方法不仅节省了大量内存, 而且在高分辨率条件下查找离子初始碰撞的表面元胞效率较高, 满足高分辨率仿真的要求. 将该方法应用于实现刻蚀工艺三维表面仿真中, 模拟结果与实验结果对比验证了该方法的有效性. 关键词： 等离子体刻蚀 元胞自动机 表面演化方法 高分辨率仿真     

Periodic behavior of cellular automata

I propose an explanation of the observation of a globally synchronized behavior of deterministic cellular automata and coupled map lattices, together with local fluctuations.     

Periodical cicadas: A minimal automaton model

The Magicicada spp. life cycles with its prime periods and highly synchronized emergence have defied reasonable scientific explanation since its discovery. During the last decade several models and explanations for this phenomenon appeared in the literature along with a great deal of discussion. Despite this considerable effort, there is no final conclusion about this long standing biological problem. Here, we construct a minimal automaton model without predation/parasitism which reproduces some of these aspects. Our results point towards competition between different strains with limited dispersal threshold as the main factor leading to the emergence of prime numbered life cycles.     

Cellular instabilities of expanding hydrogen/propane spherical flames at elevated pressures: theory and experiment

An experimental and theoretical investigation of the onset of cellular instabilities on spherically expanding flames in mixtures of hydrogen and propane in air at elevated pressures was conducted. Critical conditions for the onset of instability were measured and mapped out over a range of pressures and mixture compositions. An asymptotic theory of hydrodynamic and diffusional-thermal cell development on flames in mixtures comprised of two scarce fuels burning in air was also formulated. Predicted values of Peclet number, defined as the flame radius at the onset of instability normalized by the flame thickness, were shown to compare favorably with the experimentally measured values.     

Negative-viscosity lattice gases

A new irreversible collision rule is introduced for lattice-gas automata. The rule maximizes the flux of momentum in the direction of the local momentum gradient, yielding a negative shear viscosity. Numerical results in 2D show that the negative viscosity leads to the spontaneous ordering of the velocity field, with vorticity resolvable down to one lattice-link length. The new rule may be used in conjunction with previously proposed collision rules to yield a positive shear viscosity lower than the previous rules provide. In particular, Poiseuille flow tests demonstrate a decrease in viscosity by more than a factor of 2.