Vertices, sources and Green correspondents of the simple modules for the large Mathieu groups

We investigate the simple modules for the sporadic simple Mathieu groups M₂₂, M₂₃ and M₂₄ as well as those of the automorphism group, the covering groups and the bicyclic extensions of M₂₂ in characteristics 2 and 3. We determine the vertices and sources as well as the Green correspondents of these simple modules. We also find two 3-blocks with elementary abelian defect groups of order 9 in these groups which are Morita equivalent to their Brauer correspondents.     

Experimental study of whistle noise generated by insert edge and oil separator model of refrigeration cycle

The compressed air experiments are conducted to investigate the whistle noise radiated from the oil separator component of refrigerant cycle system. Two types of insert edge and a height-adjustable oil separator model are adopted. The acoustic characteristic of flow through plain top insert edge is more likely to be broadband. Flow through ramp top insert edge would induce whistle peaks at Mach number higher than 0.1197 and the oil separator model works like an acoustic amplifier. Moreover, the Strouhal number jumps are captured inside oil separator model and two mechanisms are presented to clarify the phenomena. First, the whistle noise at Modes A1, A3, B1 and B3 is regarded as coupling of shear layer instability with resonance acoustic modes of oil separator model. Second, the whistle noise at Modes A2 and B2 is regarded to be the feedback loop of flow-acoustic interaction in fluctuated shear layer and defined as jet-cavity interaction tones.     

阈值电路特性对腔衰荡光谱测量影响的实验研究

腔衰荡光谱技术(cavity ring-down spectroscopy, CRDS)是一种高灵敏的激光吸收光谱技术,被广泛应用于镜片反射率测量、光谱分析以及痕量气体检测等研究领域。首先从理论上描述了CRDS技术的实验原理,然后基于555定时器自行设计了一种可应用于CRDS技术的阈值电路,并通过实验进行了验证。为了优化阈值电路的性能,研究了不同输入阻抗及容抗下阈值电路对衰荡事件测量的影响。通过直接接入不同值的电容与电阻,发现输入电容越大,输入阻抗越小,对衰荡事件的测量影响越大,尤其当阈值电路输入电阻小于50 Ω时,衰荡事件的线型严重扭曲。对不同输入电阻与输入电容时C₂H₂气体在6 531.780 5 cm-1处的吸收信号进行了采集与分析,发现输入电容与输入电阻的改变对测量结果有很大的影响,得到的吸收信号会失真,甚至无法进行拟合。最终给出了阈值电路的最佳设计方案,在阈值电路的设计中选取的输入阻抗越大越好,最小要在100 Ω以上,选取的容抗越小越好,最好低于1 nF,同时要保证阈值电路的时间常数远小于衰荡时间。该研究对于CRDS技术应用过程中阈值电路的设计具有重要的参考价值。     

Jet impingement onto a cylindrical cavity: consideration of annular nozzle cone angles,and cavity diameter

In the present study, gas jet emerging from an annular nozzle and impinging onto a cylindrical cavity is considered. The geometric configuration of the nozzle is varied in the simulations. Air is used as impinging gas while stainless steel is considered as workpiece material. Reynolds turbulence model is accommodated to account for the turbulence. A numerical scheme employing a control volume approach is used to simulate the flow field. Heat transfer characteristic and shear stress distribution around the cavity are computed. It is found that outer cone angle of the annular nozzle influences the heat transfer rates from the cavity wall. The flow structure around the cavity changes significantly with increasing cavity diameter. Moreover, increasing cavity depth results in stagnation zone moving into the cavity.     

SERS Study of Co-doped TiO2 Nanoparticles

Single-phase Co-doped TiO₂(Co_xTi_1-xO₂) nanoparticles(NPs) synthesized via a simple sol-hydrothermal method were used as surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS) substrates. Interestingly, it was found that SERS signals were enhanced greatly compared to those of pure TiO₂ nanoparticles when an amount of Co²⁺ ions were doped into the TiO₂ lattice. Detailed results clearly show that Co element as Co²⁺ was incorporated into the TiO₂ lattice and the defects were created due to the substitution of Co²⁺ ions for the Ti⁴⁺ ions. The Co²⁺ doping increases the defect concentration of Co_xTi_1-xO₂ NPs. An amount of defects is beneficial to the charge-transfer so as to increase the SERS activities. A possible mechanism of charge-transfer from Co_xTi_1-xO₂ NPs to molecules was then briefly discussed.     

Spin-orbit Splitting and Lifetime Broadening in the A2Δ Electronic State of l-C5H

Optical absorption bands at ～18772 and ～18807 cm^-1, previously assigned to A²Δ-X2Π electronic origin band transitions of the linear carbon-chain radicals C₅H and C₅D, respec-tively, have been reinvestigated. The spectra have been recorded in direct absorption apply-ing cavity ring-down spectroscopy to a supersonically expanding acetylene/helium plasma. The improved spectra allow deducing a l-C₅H upper state spin-orbit coupling constant A'=-0.7(3) cm^-1 and a A²Δ lifetime of 1.6±0.3 ps.     

Effects of photon field on heat transport through a quantum wire attached to leads

We theoretically investigate photo-thermoelectric transport through a quantum wire in a photon cavity coupled to electron reservoirs with different temperatures. Our approach, based on a quantum master equation, allows us to investigate the influence of a quantized photon field on the heat current and thermoelectric transport in the system. We find that the heat current through the quantum wire is influenced by the photon field resulting in a negative heat current in certain cases. The characteristics of the transport are studied by tuning the ratio, $?{\omega }_{\gamma }/k_{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{\Delta }T$, between the photon energy, $?{\omega }_{\gamma }$, and the thermal energy, $k_{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{\Delta }T$. The thermoelectric transport is enhanced by the cavity photons when $k_{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{\Delta }T>?{\omega }_{\gamma }$. By contrast, if $k_{\mathrm{B}}\mathrm{\Delta }T<?{\omega }_{\gamma }$, the photon field is dominant and a suppression in the thermoelectric transport can be found in the case when the cavity-photon field is close to a resonance with the two lowest one-electron states in the system. Our approach points to a new technique to amplify thermoelectric current in nano-devices.     

基于光腔衰荡光谱技术的压力计校准方法

压强是工业生产过程中的一个重要参数,其准确测量是过程控制的关键。气体分子光谱线型和线宽取决于分子间相互作用和温度、气压等因素,利用窄线宽气体吸收光谱的压力展宽效应,可通过高分辨地测量气体吸收谱线得到压强信息,实现压力计校准。提出了一种基于光腔衰荡光谱技术和气体吸收谱线压力展宽效应的压力计校准方法。采用5.2 μm可调谐量子级联激光器,基于连续光腔衰荡光谱技术建立了压力计校准实验装置。室温下,测量水汽在1 877 cm-1附近的一吸收谱线,线宽为0.084 21 cm-1,重复性测量误差小于1.53×10-4 cm-1,对应的压强大小为98.12 kPa,检测灵敏度优于0.18 kPa,与高精度压力计读数98.14 kPa一致。利用测试谱线线宽与压强的关系得到压力展宽系数(0.087 12±0.000 965) cm-1·atm-1,与HITARN数据库参考值0.087 1 cm-1·atm-1一致。实验校准了一小量程压力计。结果表明基于光腔衰荡光谱的高分辨吸收谱线测量在压强检测和压力计校准领域具有很好的应用前景。     

Localized defects related to the 14N+ ion irradiation-induced magnetism in SiC

The role of localized defects as they pertain to ferromagnetism in SiC, which contains only s and p electrons, is important but unclear. Here, room temperature, macroscopic magnetization is induced and can be tuned in 6H-SiC using ¹⁴N⁺ ion implantation. First-principles density functional theory computation results confirm that ¹⁴N⁺ ion implantation can enhance the ferromagnetic ordering of the local magnetic moments caused by vacancy and substitution defects. The calculated magnetization values in the energetically favored ferromagnetic ordering (1.47–2.93 emu/g for several vacancy and substitution defects) are larger than our experimental values (0.25 emu/g at 5 K and 0.08 emu/g at 300 K), but the result is qualitatively in agreement.