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41.
42.
One of the key differences of a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) with internal lasing oscillation (ILO) from a SOA with external light injection (ELI) lies in a carrier-sharing mechanism. Since the internal lasing mode shares the same pool of carriers with the signals, the carriers (or photons) withdrawn from the circulating laser mode speed up the gain recovery. On the other hand, the external light injected into the SOA shortens the carrier recovery time through optical pumping without any carrier sharing involved. To find out a better scheme, we have made a comparative investigation on the effects of the ILO and ELI on the SOA performance. It turns out by way of simulation that the ELI scheme provides faster gain recovery, shorter carrier lifetime, and higher saturation power when the external injection power is higher than the internal lasing power. The performance enhancement is not so pronounced with the carrier-sharing mechanism, as the internal lasing mode itself gives rise to severe longitudinal spatial hole burning (LSHB). Nevertheless, the ILO scheme is preferable for linear-amplification applications. We also examine the use of the ELI for low-crosstalk optical amplifiers. It is found that the ELI scheme does not bring in a very strong resonance peak in the crosstalk, which appears in a SOA with ILO due to relaxation oscillations of the lasing mode. In comparison to the ILO in SOAs, the ELI into SOAs is likely to leave more optical gain for multi-channel amplification without any sacrifice on the crosstalk. 相似文献
43.
Maia Martcheva Gloria Crispino-O'Connell 《Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications》2003,283(1):251-275
The most common type of bacterial meningitis in the developed countries is caused by Neisseria meningitidis bacteria, which cause meningococcal meningitis. Case fatality rate can be between 3% and 10% in developed countries and as high as 20% in African countries. During epidemics in sub-Saharan countries, the so-called meningitis belt, the case fatality rate can peak to 70% or higher. Some people who have bacterial meningitis experience some form of after effects: epilepsy, damaged eyesight, hearing loss, brain damage. There is no immunity after infection. Approximately on average 10% of the population at any time carry the germs for days, weeks, or months. Carriers can infect other individuals by close contacts, even though they do not become ill themselves. An age-structured mathematical model is formulated that enables the understanding of the dynamics of the infection transmission. The model is used to study the conditions for the stability of the disease-free steady state (which imply extinction of the disease) and the existence of an endemic state (which leads to persistence of the disease in the population). The results of the model are applied to identify the contribution of the carriers to the transmission of the disease. Final epidemiological conclusions are given. 相似文献
44.
The nano SnO2-modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was successfully prepared by a carrier transfer method. The pristine and modified samples were characterized with various techniques such as XRD, SEM, XPS and EDS. The results showed that the SnO2 particles did not enter the crystal structure of LiNi1/3Co1/ 3Mn1/3O2, many nano SnO2 particles were uniformly covered on the surface of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 and the modified thin layer could inhibit the dissolution of transition metal oxides. The electrochemical tests indicated that the existence of nano SnO2 could improve the discharge capacity and rate capability owing to the decreased interfacial polarization. The cycling stability was remarkably improved at room temperature and 55 ℃. The XRD patterns of the fresh NCM electrode and after 50 cycles proved that the structural change of NCM was not so effective on the capacity fade. 相似文献
45.
46.
We present an application of an improved speckle photography technique for spatially extended phase objects. A contour mapping of a thin lens displaying its phase variation is presented. A theoretical analysis is investigated followed by the experimental presentation. Reasonable interference fringes are obtained and compared with the fringes obtained for hot air. The phase information of the object is extracted using the point-by-point technique. 相似文献
47.
M. Rahimpour M. Soheili N. Eslami A. Fayaz S. Sardari B. Vaziri 《Chromatographia》2007,66(1-2):133-136
Two-dimensional electrophoresis is a current method for separating complex protein mixtures of a given sample in different
states. In this study an improved carrier ampholyte isoelectric focusing method has been evaluated for its capacity for preliminary
screening of expressional proteomics subjects. In comparison with current carrier ampholyte isoelectric focusing, this method
showed enough resolution power to display major expressional changes in proteomic samples and demonstrated it can be used
as a substitution for the immobiline based isoelectric focusing method. 相似文献
48.
利用联合付里叶变换谱干涉法测量透镜焦距 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文提出了采用联合付里叶变换频谱干涉法测量透镜焦距的方法。输入面上两个分布完全相同的图像经光学付里叶变换在频谱面上得到二者付里叶变换频谱的干涉条纹,通过测量干涉条纹的间距即可得到透镜的焦距。该方法装置简单、操作调整方便;易于采用实时空间光调制器、CCD及微机实现快速自动测量,且具有较高的精度。文中进行了原理分析和实验验证。 相似文献
49.
V. P. Kirillov A. V. Kutsenko Yu. A. Mikhailov G. V. Sklizkov A. N. Starodub O. A. Sudakov K. A. Zhurovich 《Journal of Russian Laser Research》2003,24(4):322-334
A unique method for studying spatial-frequency and amplitude responses of an image-registration device on the basis of a CCD matrix is developed. A monochromatic light-intensity distribution arising from Fraunhofer diffraction on two equal slits is used as an input signal. A quantitative approach to a spatial resolution of the CCD matrix for registration of a periodic image is developed. The dependence of the rms contrast degree of the output signal on the spatial frequency of the image recorded is studied experimentally. The optical scheme developed and the method proposed for treatment of a digitized signal allow one to determine the amplitude response of the registration device over the whole surface of the CCD matrix and to determine the admissible level of the average intensity of the radiation registered. 相似文献
50.
以二乙烯苯和双丙烯酸多缩乙二醇酯为交联剂、聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)或它与醋酸丁酯(BAC)的混合物为致孔剂、BPO为引发剂,用悬浮聚合随后水解的方法制得了部分水解聚(丙烯酸甲酯-醋酸乙烯酯-甲基丙烯酸甲酯)[HP(MA-VAc-MMA)]多孔载体,研究了PVAc及(PVAc+BAC)用量、分子量及混合比对HP(MA-VAc-MMA)孔结构的影响。结果表明,当PVAc的M>2.5×105,PVAc/BAC为2.3,用量为10~20%时,可制得孔隙率较高,孔径分布较窄,孔表面积较大的多孔载体。这种载体适用于微生物固定化。 相似文献