碳化聚合物点发光主体的探究

以聚丙烯酸和乙二胺为原料, 通过水热法合成了碳化聚合物点(CPDs), 利用荧光光谱、 X射线光电子能谱和时间相关单光子计数等手段对3种不同碳化温度下形成的CPDs进行表征; 采用375 nm的紫外光对200 ℃下合成的CPDs进行光漂白, 分析了CPDs漂白前后的荧光寿命以及基团的变化, 探究了该CPDs的发光机理, 确定该CPDs具有碳核态和分子态共同控制的双发光中心.     

Applying Co3O4@nanoporous Carbon to Nonenzymatic Glucose Biofuel Cell and Biosensor

A novel hierarchically nanoporous carbon (NPC) derived from Al‐based porous coordination polymer is prepared by two‐step carbonization method for immobilization of the Co₃O₄ in the application of the nonenzymatic biofuel cells and biosensors. The structure and morphology are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Brunauer‐Emmett‐Teller (BET) is to characterize the porous nature of the NPC, and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is to characterize the composition of Co₃O₄@nanoporous carbon (Co₃O₄@NPC). Without collapse in the high carbonization temperature (above 1600 °C), the NPC maintains the nanoporous structure and high specific surface area of 1551.2 m² g⁻¹. In addition, the NPC is composited with Co₃O₄ by hydrothermal method to form the Co₃O₄@NPC. When tested as the nonenzymatic electrocatalyst for glucose oxidation reaction (GOR), the Co₃O₄@NPC exhibits higher response to glucose, in which the current shifts up by 64 %, than pure Co₃O₄ in 0.1 M KOH. The limit of detection is 0.005 mM (S/N=3) and response time is within 3 s. The detection range can be divided into two sections of 0.02–1.4 mM and 1.4–10.7 mM with the sensitivity of 249.1 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻² and 66.6 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻², respectively. A glucose fuel cell is constructed with the Co₃O₄@NPC as the anode and Pt/C catalyst as the cathode. The open‐circuit potential of the nonenzymatic glucose/O₂ fuel cell was 0.68 V, with a maximum power density of 0.52 mW cm⁻² at 0.27 V. This work may contribute to exploring other nanoporous carbons for application in glucose fuel cells and biosensors.     

Studies on the removal of phosphate in water through adsorption using a novel Zn-MOF and its derived materials

A novel zinc-based metal–organic framework, {[Zn₃(atz)₂(pda)₂]·2(H₂O)}_n (Zn-MOF; Hatz is 5-aminote-1H-terazole; H₂pda is malonic acid), was prepared using the solvothermal method. Carbonization of the prepared Zn-MOF was conducted under elevated temperatures to investigate its phosphate adsorption performance. Through pre-adsorption experiments, the optimal carbonization temperature of 500 °C was determined, yielding Zn-MOF-500. Besides, multiple characterization methods were used to analyze the properties of Zn-MOF and Zn-MOF-500 materials before and after the adsorption of phosphate ions. The results showed that the BET surface area of Zn-MOF-500 was 18.57 m²/g, which was 16.37 times larger than that of the BET surface area of Zn-MOF. At 25 °C, Zn-MOF and Zn-MOF-500 exhibited an adsorption capacity of 123.44 and 226.07 mg/g, respectively. Based on the adsorption isotherms and the adsorption kinetics, the adsorption of PO₄^3- occurs via monolayer. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that P was adsorbed on Zn-MOF and Zn-MOF-500 as the zinc hydrogen phosphate and zinc phosphate ions, respectively.     

聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂碳化产物的X射线衍射分析

用X射线衍射法分析了聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂碳化产物石墨化度和微观结构参数，结果表明聚苯乙烯阳离子交换树脂在1000℃以下碳化处理的样品，石墨化程度都很低，属于在中低温条件下较难石墨化处理的树脂样品；H型树脂碳化产物的晶面层有着碳化处理温度升高而依次减小，并且（002）晶面层间距减小速度快于（100）晶面；H型树脂在低温碳化处理条件下，主要是在二维平面结构上演变成石墨微晶，只有碳化处理温度较高时，平面结构的石墨微晶才相互调整，形成纵向平行有序的微晶体；树脂掺杂金属离子后，有利于树脂在碳化过程中形成的石墨微晶层片纵向有序排列；掺杂不同金属离子的树脂碳化样品，在结构参数方面都明显不同于未掺杂的H型树脂碳化样品。