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941.
The behavior of zirconium atoms at the W(100) surface associated with oxygen adsorption at different sample temperatures has been studied by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS), and the relative change of the work function (Δф) measured by the onset of the secondary electron energy distribution. The results have revealed: (i) adsorption of zirconium onto the W(100) surface followed by the elevation of the sample temperature up to 1710 K in an oxygen partial pressure of 2.7 × 10−4 induces complete diffusion of zirconium atoms into the W(100) substrate; (ii) further exposure of oxygen induces co-existence of oxygen and tungsten on the surface at 1710 K, resulting in a work function of 4.37 eV; (iii) keeping the sample temperature at 1710 K, simple evacuation of the system has resulted in surface segregation of zirconium atoms to the surface to form a zirconium atomic layer on the top-most surface, reducing the work function to 2.7 eV. The results have revealed that this specific behavior of zirconium atoms at high temperature assures, with very good reproducibility, the highly stable performance and long service life of Zr---O/W(100)-emitters in practical use, even in a low vacuum of 10−6 Pa. 相似文献
942.
The processes of electron transfer and dissociative scattering are explored for collisions of hyperthermal NO+ on GaAs(110). The experiments reveal a marked angular dependence to O− emergence. A strong correlation between the O− scattering angle and the final atom-surface interaction site provides a map of the lateral dependence to reactivity. The results are modeled by sequential neutralization, dissociation, and electron attachment steps. Classical trajectory calculations, in conjunction with an empirical opacity function, accurately reproduce the experimental results. The opacity function is interpreted as the probability that an electron will attach to a departing O fragment as a function of the last surface site the atom impacts. The experiments indicate that O− emergence occurs predominantly for oxygen atoms which come in close contact with the localized dangling bond states of GaAs(110). 相似文献
943.
Summary We describe the simplest system which shows stochastic resonance. A linear(ized) theory for white and (almost) arbitrarily
coloured noise is presented. The presented new system has new, unique properties which originate from itsnon-dynamical character; for example, the strength and phase shift of periodic response of the system is independent of the frequency.
Experiments have been carried out with the following noise processes: (physical) white noise, (physical) Lorentzian noise
and (physical) 1/f noise. With a small extension of the system, its linear-response regime can be significantly increased. As the system is
similar to some simple models of neurones, the new results might have not only physical but also biological importance.
Paper presented at the International Workshop “Fluctuations in Physics and Biology: Stochastic Resonance, Signal Processing
and Related Phenomena”, Elba, 5–10 June 1994. 相似文献
944.
B Subramanyam 《Pramana》1995,45(3):227-234
Using Landau theory of phase transition, expressions for gyrotropic coefficients and piezoelectric coefficients are obtained
for barium titanate in the tetragonal phase. Both coefficients vanish at the ferroelectric phase transition temperature. The
piezoelectric coefficients tallied with the literature values. The attenuation coefficients for elastic waves propagating
along the principal directions in tetragonal, orthorhombic and rhombohedral phases are derived based on Landau theory. It
is predicted that there will be slight amplification for both longitudinal and transverse modes in the rhombohedral phase
at a temperature close to the rhombohedral phase transition temperature. 相似文献
945.
1IntroductionWiththeincreaseofthedemandforatomicandionicdatainresearchesonthesoftXray,plasmaphysicsandastrophysics,themeasur... 相似文献
946.
Incommensurate modulations in Ba2TiSi2O8, Sr2TiSi2O8, and Ba2TiGe2O8 are compared based on their corresponding electron diffraction patterns. The dependence of the modulations on chemical composition provides a suitable model system for the investigation of incommensurations in framework structures using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). A widening of quantitative HRTEM utilising the concept of rigid units is proposed allowing for a determination of atomistic displacements responsible for the formation of incommensurately modulated structures. 相似文献
947.
A. Cig J. Ma
ka M. Mair G. Gritzner G. Plesch V. Zrubec 《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》1999,320(3-4):267-276
The effects of the thallium and mercury content x on the as-sintered and post annealed samples of MxPb0.4Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3O8+δ {M: Tl (0.32≤x≤0.74) or Hg (0.18≤x≤0.68)} have been studied by magnetization and transport measurements. For Tl-1223 we have found the optimum Tl doping level to be x=0.53 regarding the grain properties, the content of superconducting phase, the first penetration field Hplwl, the transport (Jctr), magnetic intergrain (JcM) and intragrain (Jcg) critical current densities. The critical temperature Tc of the as-sintered Tl-1223 sample decreased with increasing Tl content. Post-annealing in oxygen improved the Tc for Tl contents of x≥0.53 and had generally positive effects on the critical current densities. The intergrain properties of the Hg-1223 samples were much worse than those of the Tl-based superconductors. 相似文献
948.
This paper reports the fluorescence properties of a new series of (La, Zn) OF:Sm3+ powder phosphors. The measured fluorescence spectra were analyzed by computing the color coordinates
and relative fluorescence intensity ratios (ED/MD). A bright yellowish-orange color was observed from these powder phosphors under a UV-source due to the confirmation of the transitions 4G5/2→6H5/2, 4G5/2→6H7/2, and 4G5/2→6H9/2. Scanning electron microscopic studies were performed to understand the average grain size of the synthesized powder phosphors. 相似文献
949.
950.