New theory of Lorentz violation from a general principle

We report that a general principle of physical independence of mathematical background manifolds brings a replacement of common derivative operators by co-derivative ones. Then we obtain a new Lagrangian for the ordinary minimal standard model with supplementary terms containing the Lorentz invariance violation information measured by a new matrix, denoted as the Lorentz invariance violation matrix. We thus provide a new fundamental theory to study Lorentz invariance violation effects consistently and systematically.     

Gravity dual for a model of perception

One of the salient features of human perception is its invariance under dilatation in addition to the Euclidean group, but its non-invariance under special conformal transformation. We investigate a holographic approach to the information processing in image discrimination with this feature. We claim that a strongly coupled analogue of the statistical model proposed by Bialek and Zee can be holographically realized in scale invariant but non-conformal Euclidean geometries. We identify the Bayesian probability distribution of our generalized Bialek–Zee model with the GKPW partition function of the dual gravitational system. We provide a concrete example of the geometric configuration based on a vector condensation model coupled with the Euclidean Einstein–Hilbert action. From the proposed geometry, we study sample correlation functions to compute the Bayesian probability distribution.     

CPT-violating effects in muon decay

We consider low-energy CPT-violating modifications in charged current weak interactions and analyze possible ramifications in muon and antimuon decays. We calculate the lifetime of muon and antimuon with these modifications, and from the result, put bounds on the CPT-violating parameters. Moreover, we elaborate on the muon and antimuon decay rate differentials in electron energy and spatial angle, which entail interesting phenomenological consequences presenting new ways to constrain CPT violation in charged lepton decays.     

Singular and regular gauges in soft–collinear effective theory: The introduction of the new Wilson line T

Gauge invariance in soft–collinear effective theory (SCET) is discussed in regular (covariant) and singular (light-cone) gauges. It is argued that SCET, as it stands, is not capable to define in a gauge invariant way certain non-perturbative matrix elements that are an integral part of many factorization theorems. Those matrix elements involve two quark or gluon fields separated not only in light-cone direction but also in the transverse one. This observation limits the range of applicability of SCET. To remedy this we argue that one needs to introduce a new Wilson line as part of SCET formalism, that we call T. This Wilson line depends only on the transverse component of the gluon field. As such it is a new feature to the SCET formalism and it guarantees gauge invariance of the non-perturbative matrix elements in both classes of gauges.     

Nonradial Solutions of a Mixed Concave-Convex Elliptic Problem

We study the homogeneous Dirichlet problem in a ball for semi-linear elliptic problems derived from the Brezis-Nirenberg one with concave-convex nonlinearities. We are interested in determining non-radial solutions which are invariant with respect to some subgroup of the orthogonal group. We prove that unlike separated nonlinearities, there are two types of solutions, one converging to zero and one diverging. We conclude at the end on the classification of non radial solutions related to the nonlinearity used.     

关于算子方程Nχ=δLχ解的若干研究

利用多重拓扑度的性质以及一些不等式研究了零指标的Predholm算子和L-全连续算子方程Nχ=δχ的解,获得若干新的结果,推广了一些重要结论,并将结果应用到一类二阶微分方程的边值问题中.     

Sharp Sobolev inequalities in Lorentz spaces for a mean oscillation

We exhibit the optimal constant for Sobolev inequalities in Lorentz spaces for a mean oscillation, and its relation with a boundedness of the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator in Sobolev spaces. Some applications to a scale invariant form of Hardy?s inequality in a limiting case are also considered.     

Shape invariant potentials in higher dimensions

In this paper we investigate the shape invariance property of a potential in one dimension. We show that a simple ansatz allows us to reconstruct all the known shape invariant potentials in one dimension. This ansatz can be easily extended to arrive at a large class of new shape invariant potentials in arbitrary dimensions. A reformulation of the shape invariance property and possible generalizations are proposed. These may lead to an important extension of the shape invariance property to Hamiltonians that are related to standard potential problems via space time transformations, which are found useful in path integral formulation of quantum mechanics.     

Comparison Principles for Some Fully Nonlinear Sub-Elliptic Equations on the Heisenberg Group

In this paper,we prove a form of the strong comparison principle for a class of fully nonlinear subelliptic operators of the form■H^2,sψ+L(·,ψ,■Hψ)on the Heisenberg group,which include the CR invariant operators.