Optimal conclusive teleportation of a d-dimensional two-particle unknown quantum state

A conclusive teleportation protocol of a d-dimensional two-particle unknown quantum state using three d- dimensional particles in an arbitrary pure state is proposed. A sender teleports the unknown state conclusively to a receiver by using the positive operator valued measure（POVM） and introducing an ancillary qudit to perform the generalized Bell basis measurement, We calculate the optimal teleportation fidelity. We also discuss and analyse the reason why the information on the teleported state is lost in the course of the protocol,     

An exact solution of Fisher equation and its stability

In this paper, the Fisher equation is analysed. One of its travelling wave solution is obtained by comparing it with KdV--Burgers (KdVB) equation. Its amplitude, width and speed are investigated. The instability for the higher order disturbances to the solution of the Fisher equation is also studied.     

Laser-phase determination methods and transfer equations for direct temporal structure measure- ments of atto- and femtosecond XUV pulses

In this paper the laser-phase determination methods and transfer equations are presented to directly reconstruct the detailed temporal structures of ultra-short extreme ultraviolet (xuv) pulses from the measured photoelectron energy spectra (PES). Each transfer equation includes one of PID (proportional-integral-differential) terms of PES. The intensity and instantaneous frequency of attosecond xuv can be retrieved from the integral term of PES. The intensity profiles of narrow bandwidth atto- and femtosecond xuvs can be rebuilt from the proportional and differential terms of PES respectively. The methods and equations may be used to improve time resolutions in measuring ultrashort pulses.     

基于阿贝尔黑格斯变量的杨-米尔斯理论的红外阿贝尔化

通过SU(2)规范场的法捷耶夫-Niemi分解给出了有效阿贝尔-黑格斯型作用量的 一个计算方法. 具体指出了该分解中所用的自然规范固定以及阿贝尔投射与杨-米尔斯理论的红外动力学之间的内在关系. 推导出了色电场的一个伦敦型方程.     

广义非简谐振子的多尺度微扰理论

应用多尺度微扰理论到广义非简谐振子, 得到了一阶经典和量子微扰解. 特别是 我们的量子解在极限条件下能方便地转变为经典解, 并且坐标和动量算符的对易 关系的简化十分自然. 与Taylor级数解相比较, 无论是在经典还是在量子解 中频率移动都出现在各阶振动表达式中, 所以多尺度微扰解是弱耦合非简谐振动的较好解法.     

超重核266Hs形成截面的入射道依赖

计算和比较了²⁶Mg+²⁴⁴Cm, ²⁷Al+²⁴³Am和³²S+²³⁸U3个反应系统的俘获截面和复合核²⁷⁰Hs形成截面. 在俘获截面计算中, 考虑了靶核形变效应. 穿越库仑势垒后, 反应系统由熔合谷进入不对称裂变谷. 只有越过不对称裂变谷中的条件鞍点的事件才进入复合核组态. 我们用考虑中子流动和径向运动的二参量Smoluchowski扩散方程来处理中间阶段的动力学过程. 此外, 还计算了经4n蒸发形成超重核²⁶⁶Hs的截面. 研究表明, 入射道的势垒分布, 中间阶段的条件鞍点高度对俘获截面, 复合核形成几率, 以及最终的超重核形成截面有显著影响.     

Vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates: A review of the experimental results

Rotating dilute Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) of alkali atoms offer a testing ground for theories of vortices in weakly interacting superfluids. In a rotating super-fluid, quantised vortices, with a vorticity h/m, form above a critical velocity. Such vortices have been generated in BEC of alkali atoms by different techniques such as (a) wave function engineering of a two-component BEC, (b) decay of solitons, (c) rotation of a thermal cloud before cooling it below the condensation temperature, (d) stirring with an ‘optical’ spoon, (e) rotating a deformation in the anisotropic trap in which the condensate is trapped and (f) by creating Berry phase by adiabatically reversing the axial magnetic field. Since the core of a vortex is a fraction of a micrometer in diameter, it cannot be directly imaged optically. The condensate with vortices is allowed to ballistically expand till the size increases by one order before the vortices are imaged. Surface wave spectroscopy and the change in aspect ratio of a rotating cloud are the other techniques used. Studies have been made on the creation and dynamics of single vortex and on systems with more than a hundred vortices. Results have been obtained on vortex nucleation, stability of vortex structures, nature of the vortex lattice and defects in such a lattice. Important results are: (a) evidence exists that vortex nucleation takes place by a surface mode instability; but this is not the only mechanism; (b) the vortex lattice is perfectly triangular right up to the edge; (c) in the initial stages of rotation of the cloud a tangled web of vortices is seen; it takes a few hundred milliseconds before the vortices arrange themselves in a lattice; this time appears to be independent of temperature; (d) the decay of vortices appears to arise from the transfer of energy to the rotating thermal component and is dependent on temperature; (e) defects in the lattices such as dislocations and grain boundaries are seen; (f) transverse oscillations (Tkachenko modes) of the vortex lattice have been observed; and (g) giant vortices have been produced. These will be discussed.     

On the Boltzmann Equation for Fermi–Dirac Particles with Very Soft Potentials: Averaging Compactness of Weak Solutions

The paper considers macroscopic behavior of a Fermi–Dirac particle system. We prove the L ¹-compactness of velocity averages of weak solutions of the Boltzmann equation for Fermi–Dirac particles in a periodic box with the collision kernel b(cos θ)|ρ−ρ _*|^γ, which corresponds to very soft potentials: −5 < γ ≤ −3 with a weak angular cutoff: ∫₀ ^π b(cos θ)sin ³θ dθ < ∞. Our proof for the averaging compactness is based on the entropy inequality, Hausdorff–Young inequality, the L ^∞-bounds of the solutions, and a specific property of the value-range of the exponent γ. Once such an averaging compactness is proven, the proof of the existence of weak solutions will be relatively easy.     

Kinetic Limit for a System of Coagulating Planar Brownian Particles

We study a model of mass-bearing coagulating planar Brownian particles. The coagulation occurs when two particles are within a distance of order ε. We assume that the initial number of particles N is of order |logε|. Under suitable assumptions of the initial distribution of particles and the microscopic coagulation propensities, we show that the macroscopic particle densities satisfy a Smoluchowski-type equation.     

IMPROVED GENERALIZED ADMITTANCE MATRIX TECHNIQUE AND ITS APPLICATIONS TO RIGOROUS ANALYSIS OF MILLIMETER-WAVE DEVICES IN RECTANGULAR WAVEGUIDE

An improved generalized admittance (GAM) matrix technique is presented in this paper. Matrix transformation eliminates the singularity factor of GAM, denominator (1+Γ), because of new presentations of GAM. The relationship equations between II-port current and I-port incidence wave is computed by mode matching method. The generalized scattering matrix (GSM) of waveguide structure and its discontinuity problems is obtained with relationship equations and reflection coefficients. The GSM’s of millimeter-wave multistepped bend and T-junction in rectangular waveguide are computed by the improved GAM technique. The results comparisons between the proposed method and commercial software HFSS10.0 show the validity of the proposed method, which improves the validity of the GAM technique and reduces mathematical efforts. It is general, very efficient and can be used to solve other complicated and multiport network problems.