无保护流体室温燐光法测定吲哚-3-丁酸的研究

在仅以碘化钾为重原子微扰剂、亚硫酸钠为除氧剂及无任何保护性介质存在的水溶液中 ,吲哚_3_丁酸 (IBA)能发射很强的室温光 (RTP) ;详细研究了分析测定条件及有机溶剂对RTP的影响 ;在最大光波长λex/λem =281/447nm处 ,光强度与IBA浓度在2.0×10 -7～1.0×10 -5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,检出限4.3×10-8 mol/L ;方法直接用于强化水样和土壤中IBA的测定 ,回收率96 %～104 % ,相对标准偏差2.37 %～3.97 %。     

ICP-MS for elemental speciation studies

The use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) coupled with separation techniques for the purpose of elemental speciation has recently gained a lot of attention. Much of this is due to ever improving separation capabilities of Chromatographic techniques, the high sensitivity of ICP-MS, and the continuing development of better interface techniques. Additionally, there is a growing awareness of the need to monitor various species of an analyte, rather than just total analyte concentrations, due to their often varying natures. For the sake of learning from different elemental speciation approaches, this review brings together some selected types of elemental speciation which have been recently seen in literature. These include separations using various forms of liquid chromatography, such as reversed phase, reversed phase ion pairing, micelle, ion exchange, and size exclusion. Elemental speciation employing gas Chromatographie separations and supercritical fluid separations are discussed as well as elemental speciation using capillary electrophoresis.     

Supernovae and the Arrow of Time

Supernovae are explosions of stars and are a central problem in astrophysics. Rayleigh–Taylor (RT) and Richtmyer–Meshkov (RM) instabilities develop during the star’s explosion and lead to intense interfacial RT/RM mixing of the star materials. We handle the mathematical challenges of the RT/RM problem based on the group theory approach. We directly link the conservation laws governing RT/RM dynamics to the symmetry-based momentum model, derive the model parameters, and find the analytical solutions and characteristics of RT/RM dynamics with variable accelerations in the linear, nonlinear and mixing regimes. The theory outcomes explain the astrophysical observations and yield the design of laboratory experiments. They suggest that supernova evolution is a non-equilibrium process directed by the arrow of time.     

离子通道电子束回旋脉塞的等离子体波效应

研究了离子通道回旋电子束脉塞（ICECM）中的等离子体波非线性效应。利用流体理论与自洽非线性理论方法对ICECM中等离子体波效应的微观机理进行了分析。研究发现,等离子体波加强了电子束的纵向群聚,束-波互作用的能量交换效率及系统增益得到明显提高。数值模拟计算表明,对于中等等离子体密度、1.5kA电流和1MV加速电压的电子束,系统能够获得的脉冲功率和频率分别为200MW和280GHz的毫米波束。     

On a free boundary problem for the Reynolds equation derived from the Stokes system with Tresca boundary conditions

The asymptotic behaviour of a Stokes flow with Tresca free boundary friction conditions when one dimension of the fluid domain tends to zero is studied. A specific Reynolds equation associated with variational inequalities is obtained and uniqueness is proved.     

非牛顿流体内流传热研究

在本文中,研究了注入轴对称模腔非牛顿流体非定常流动.本文的第二部份研究了上随体Maxwell流体管内热流动.对于注入模腔流动.其本构方程采用幂律流体模型方程.为了避免在表现粘度中温度关系引起的非线性.引进了一特征粘度的概念.描述本力学过程的基本方程是,本构方程、定常状态的运动方程、非定常能量方程及连续方程.该方程组在空间是二维问题,在数学上是三维问题.采用分裂差分格式求得本方程组的数值解答.分裂法曾成功应用于求解牛顿流体问题.在本文中,首次将分裂法成功地应用解决非牛顿流体流动问题.对于圆管内热流,给出了差分格式,使基本方程组化为一个三对角方程组.其结果,给出了不同时刻的模腔内二维温度分布.     

厚翅片管内流体流动和传热的数值分析

本文应用Ｐａｔａｎｋａｒ等人［１］研究薄翅片管的湍流模型，对一种工业化的厚翅片管内的流体流动和传热进行了数值分析。计算范围包括了层流和湍流（Ｒｅ＝１０１～１０６），所得计算结果与较窄范围内实验所测的传热与阻力数据相当符合，本计算结果具有较大的推广价值。     

有限深度两层流体系统中运动点源生成的内波及其与自由面的相互作用

基于水波动力学势流理论,以二流体系统中点源运动为基本模型,采用Green函数法,研究了分层流体中内部扰动诱生的内波对自由面的影响,探讨对合成孔径雷达成像起重要作用的自由面辐散场的变化规律。研究表明:当上下层流体密度跃变较大、源接近密跃层且Froude数Fr接近内波模式的临界值Fr₂时,内波模式导致的自由面辐散场强度与表面波模式的贡献相当,两者具有强烈的耦合作用,理论分析与实验结果定性一致。     

平面非牛顿流体在m＞1时的径向流动

讨论平面非牛顿流体(例如高粘度高含腊量的地下石油)在m>1时的径向流动.作者首先给出了问题的数学模型,它是退缩的自由边值问题.然后得到了该问题的近似问题古典解的存在唯一性.当油井边的压力梯度是常值函数时,该问题古典解的存在唯一性也得到了.     

Nano liquid-metal fluid as ultimate coolant

We proposed for the first time the concept of the nano liquid-metal fluid, aiming to establish an engineering route to make the highest conductive coolant. Using several widely accepted theoretical models for characterizing the nano fluid, the thermal conductivity enhancement of the liquid-metal fluid due to addition of more conductive nano particles was predicted. Further, the effects of particle size, cluster of nano particle, solid-like layer due to adsorption, volume fraction and particle types were evaluated. Having the highest conductivity, being electromagnetically drivable, the liquid metal with low melting point is expected to be an idealistic base fluid for making super conductive solution which may lead to the ultimate coolant in a wide variety of heat transfer enhancement area.